Anatomy, physiology and hygiene for high schools . Interior of heart, showing right auricleand ventricle and valves. rt, auricle; c, semilunar valve; i, inferior venacava; p, pulmonary artery: s, superior vena cava;t, tricuspid valve; v, ventricle. 158 PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE. Heart valves. Structure of the heart. The heart is composed of musculartissue of a special kind, described iu the chapter upon themuscles. This muscular wall is lined without by the cardiaclayer of the pericardium, within by a membrane known as the endocardium (G-reek en-don, within, and Iardia,heart). This membrane has a
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Anatomy, physiology and hygiene for high schools . Interior of heart, showing right auricleand ventricle and valves. rt, auricle; c, semilunar valve; i, inferior venacava; p, pulmonary artery: s, superior vena cava;t, tricuspid valve; v, ventricle. 158 PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE. Heart valves. Structure of the heart. The heart is composed of musculartissue of a special kind, described iu the chapter upon themuscles. This muscular wall is lined without by the cardiaclayer of the pericardium, within by a membrane known as the endocardium (G-reek en-don, within, and Iardia, heart). This membrane has asingle layer of epithelialcells upon its inner sur-face, and is continuouswith the inner lining ofthe arteries and veins, theendothelium. The valves are formedof connective tissue linedwith the endocardium.The heart is nourished by arteries from the aorta, knownas the coronary (Latin corona, crown ) arteries. Its actionis controlled by a special plexus of nerve ganglia (Greekf/afj(/lion, ganglion —a knot), located in its substanceand connected with the central nervous system. The action of the heart. The action of the heart is broughtabout by the contraction of its muscular walls. When themuscle fibers contract they l)ecome shorter and thicker, andthus diminish the