. The life of the plant. Plant physiology. STRUCTURE OF THE PLANT 15. green foliage of plants. Having produced such a leaf the plant seems to have reached the beaten track and produces one leaf after another, modelling them as it were according to the same pattern, casting them, so to speak, in the same mould. But the leaves are not the only product of a growing plant; at a certain age it produces other organs such as flowers and fruit. As a rule the transformation of leaves into quite distinct flower organs hap- pens suddenly; but cases are frequent in which the ap- pearance of the flower is
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. The life of the plant. Plant physiology. STRUCTURE OF THE PLANT 15. green foliage of plants. Having produced such a leaf the plant seems to have reached the beaten track and produces one leaf after another, modelling them as it were according to the same pattern, casting them, so to speak, in the same mould. But the leaves are not the only product of a growing plant; at a certain age it produces other organs such as flowers and fruit. As a rule the transformation of leaves into quite distinct flower organs hap- pens suddenly; but cases are frequent in which the ap- pearance of the flower is anticipated by changes revealed in the upper leaves. Let us study the well-known garden peony. Everybody knows its leaves (fig. 6). Starting from the lowest and passing up the stem towards the flower we notice that the shape of the leaf changes until it becomes at last almost unrecognisable. At first the whole leaf consists of eleven or nine leaflets distributed in threes. At a certain point we have only three leaflets ; in the interval between these two kinds of leaves we are also likely to find such as have seven and five leaflets. In the end the whole leaf consists of only a single leaflet (fig. 7, left). The process is the converse of that noticed in the ash. There the shape of the leaf became gradually more complicated, whereas here it becomes less so, passing through the same stages but in the reverse order. So far the simple leaflet has entirely resembled the upper part of the whole leaf, but gradually it also changes its appearance : its short petiole broadens into a flat scale, while the lamina continually decreases until it becomes a small, green, tongue-shaped object on the top Fig. 5.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Timiri?a?zev, K. A. (Kliment Arkad?evich), 1843-1920; Sheremetev