Bookcentury1900 Black and White Stock Photos & Images

Black and white print illustrating an angled view of the Technical School, a multi-level Romanesque Revival structure with a corner tower, located on College Street in Toronto, Canada, 1903. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP861JP–Black and white print illustrating an angled view of the Technical School, a multi-level Romanesque Revival structure with a corner tower, located on College Street in Toronto, Canada, 1903. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

. The Canadian nurse. s degreefrom Teachers College, Columbia University,and a masters degree in public health from theHarvard School of Public Health. She wasformerly supervising nurse with the West Mil-waukee Health Department and acting directorof the Hackensack (New Jersey) Visiting NurseService. Since 1949 she has been an assistantprofessor of public health nursing at theUniversity of Pennsylvania. In addition to her work in education, Mrs.Hall has been an active member of severalprofessional organizations and has served onlocal and state committees for legislation,structure, and counsell Stock Photo

RM2AG35H2–. The Canadian nurse. s degreefrom Teachers College, Columbia University,and a masters degree in public health from theHarvard School of Public Health. She wasformerly supervising nurse with the West Mil-waukee Health Department and acting directorof the Hackensack (New Jersey) Visiting NurseService. Since 1949 she has been an assistantprofessor of public health nursing at theUniversity of Pennsylvania. In addition to her work in education, Mrs.Hall has been an active member of severalprofessional organizations and has served onlocal and state committees for legislation,structure, and counsell

Black and white photograph depicting an early eighteenth-century iron gate and railing, with foliage in the background, leading to Trinity College in Cambridge, England, 1922. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP845JB–Black and white photograph depicting an early eighteenth-century iron gate and railing, with foliage in the background, leading to Trinity College in Cambridge, England, 1922. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . 4 and in16, 20, and 34 ounce cans. Red Kidney Beans. The red kidney bean is much larger than the white bean and hasquite a distinctive flavor. It is growing in favor almost as rapidly asthe white bean. In the South and Southwest the sauce is preparedwith chili. 89274°—17 5 66 CANNED FOODS.. s > CANNED FOODS. 67 Hominy. Lye hominy is one of the old staples much appreciated by men engagedin hard physical labor, such as mining, railroad construction, lo Stock Photo

RM2ANH3HM–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . 4 and in16, 20, and 34 ounce cans. Red Kidney Beans. The red kidney bean is much larger than the white bean and hasquite a distinctive flavor. It is growing in favor almost as rapidly asthe white bean. In the South and Southwest the sauce is preparedwith chili. 89274°—17 5 66 CANNED FOODS.. s > CANNED FOODS. 67 Hominy. Lye hominy is one of the old staples much appreciated by men engagedin hard physical labor, such as mining, railroad construction, lo

Seven Potters Excelsior corn clips, digitally colored and enhanced photograph, 1904. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP844F6–Seven Potters Excelsior corn clips, digitally colored and enhanced photograph, 1904. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . crisp, and tender, and when broken show either no string oronly a very rudimentary one. The beans are picked by hand at frequent inten.als in order to securethe maximum number of small size. They are sorted bv machine accord-ing to their diameter, and the larger ones cut to definite lengths. Thebeans must pass between rollers set at fixed distances, so as to make aseparation for size, the first grade being eight sixty-fourths of an inch(3.2 mm.); the se Stock Photo

RM2ANHEH2–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . crisp, and tender, and when broken show either no string oronly a very rudimentary one. The beans are picked by hand at frequent inten.als in order to securethe maximum number of small size. They are sorted bv machine accord-ing to their diameter, and the larger ones cut to definite lengths. Thebeans must pass between rollers set at fixed distances, so as to make aseparation for size, the first grade being eight sixty-fourths of an inch(3.2 mm.); the se

Black and white print illustrating an angled view of a stripped classical, multi-level urban building located in Montreal Canada, captioned 'The Read Building' and attributed to the architects Ross and MacFarlane, 1913. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP863XX–Black and white print illustrating an angled view of a stripped classical, multi-level urban building located in Montreal Canada, captioned 'The Read Building' and attributed to the architects Ross and MacFarlane, 1913. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . ed five or more times. It is growing inpopularity with wonderful rapidity, as attested by the fact that in 1905the total pack was about 5,500,000 tins, and in 1915 about 19,000,000 tins.It is exported to all countries having tariff regulations that are notprohibitive. 42 CANNED FOODS. Asparagus is packed according to the size and color of the stalks. Thewhite is preferred by the majority of persons, and consists of the stalkswhich are cut before they ha Stock Photo

RM2ANHF6P–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . ed five or more times. It is growing inpopularity with wonderful rapidity, as attested by the fact that in 1905the total pack was about 5,500,000 tins, and in 1915 about 19,000,000 tins.It is exported to all countries having tariff regulations that are notprohibitive. 42 CANNED FOODS. Asparagus is packed according to the size and color of the stalks. Thewhite is preferred by the majority of persons, and consists of the stalkswhich are cut before they ha

Black and white photograph showing a cloud of mud and ash emanating from Mount Vesuvius and hanging over an Italian seaside town following a volcanic eruption on April 5, 1906, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMPGMT9Y–Black and white photograph showing a cloud of mud and ash emanating from Mount Vesuvius and hanging over an Italian seaside town following a volcanic eruption on April 5, 1906, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . A typical com and vegetable packing plant, light and sanitary. 48 CANNED POODS. Okra {Hibiscus escalenius). Okra is a semihardy plant grown for its pods, which are used exten-sively in the making of gumbos, and are rapidly coming to be used invegetable soups. It is one of the products for which a taste must beacquired, after which it is relished. The pods are packed preferablywhen less than 3 inches long. They are canned whole or sliced. Pack-ing is don Stock Photo

RM2ANHAJG–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . A typical com and vegetable packing plant, light and sanitary. 48 CANNED POODS. Okra {Hibiscus escalenius). Okra is a semihardy plant grown for its pods, which are used exten-sively in the making of gumbos, and are rapidly coming to be used invegetable soups. It is one of the products for which a taste must beacquired, after which it is relished. The pods are packed preferablywhen less than 3 inches long. They are canned whole or sliced. Pack-ing is don

Black and white photograph of a French neoclassical style mansion that was dynamited in an effort to stop the fire that raced through San Francisco's Nob Hill, and surrounding areas, during California's 1906 earthquake and great fire, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMPGMTAC–Black and white photograph of a French neoclassical style mansion that was dynamited in an effort to stop the fire that raced through San Francisco's Nob Hill, and surrounding areas, during California's 1906 earthquake and great fire, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . n a few hours after cutting, com loses its sweetness, beans become toughand stringy, and asparagus acquires a bitter taste. The object is to getthe fruits and vegetables into the can before they imdergo any appreciabledeterioration. Material of the grade found in the fresh markets in cities CANNED FOODS. 17 is unsuitable for high-grade products. Milk is produced by large herdsand is kept under a better system of inspection and control than is theaverage Stock Photo

RM2ANJ1F6–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . n a few hours after cutting, com loses its sweetness, beans become toughand stringy, and asparagus acquires a bitter taste. The object is to getthe fruits and vegetables into the can before they imdergo any appreciabledeterioration. Material of the grade found in the fresh markets in cities CANNED FOODS. 17 is unsuitable for high-grade products. Milk is produced by large herdsand is kept under a better system of inspection and control than is theaverage

RMP844JD–Black and white portrait print of the Honorable Edward Wallis Hoch, Governor of Kansas, depicted in profile, from the chest up, wearing a dark jacket and a bowtie, with a serious expression on his face, 1908. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Asparagus. Small tip, small, medium, large, and mammoth stalks, natural sizeLima Beans {Phaseolus lunalus). Lima beans are shelled and packed both green and ripe. They havea distinctive flavor that has long been esteemed. The beans are gradedfor size by the use of sieves of 24, 30, 31. and 32 thirty-seconds of an 44 CANNED FOODS. inch mesh (19, 23.5, 24.5, and 25.5 mm.). Those passing through thefirst sieve are called tiny; through the second, fancy; th Stock Photo

RM2ANHDWC–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Asparagus. Small tip, small, medium, large, and mammoth stalks, natural sizeLima Beans {Phaseolus lunalus). Lima beans are shelled and packed both green and ripe. They havea distinctive flavor that has long been esteemed. The beans are gradedfor size by the use of sieves of 24, 30, 31. and 32 thirty-seconds of an 44 CANNED FOODS. inch mesh (19, 23.5, 24.5, and 25.5 mm.). Those passing through thefirst sieve are called tiny; through the second, fancy; th

Black and white photograph of a man wearing a cap, shorts, and socks, but no shirt, sitting in a scull and rowing a single oar with both hands, with a stone embankment in the background, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP845AW–Black and white photograph of a man wearing a cap, shorts, and socks, but no shirt, sitting in a scull and rowing a single oar with both hands, with a stone embankment in the background, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Okra. CANNED FOODS. 47. Delivering corn at a factory. A large plant will pack 250,000 cans per day. Stock Photo

RM2ANHCM9–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Okra. CANNED FOODS. 47. Delivering corn at a factory. A large plant will pack 250,000 cans per day.

Black and white photograph showing a monument to Admiral Dewey's victory in the Bay of Manilla, and several multi-story buildings ringing Union Square in downtown San Francisco, as they appeared before San Francisco's 1906 earthquake, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMPGMT85–Black and white photograph showing a monument to Admiral Dewey's victory in the Bay of Manilla, and several multi-story buildings ringing Union Square in downtown San Francisco, as they appeared before San Francisco's 1906 earthquake, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . and cored. Seconds,or soup stock, consists of small tomatoes, pieces, and parts with more orless green and soft stock. Tomato puree is the best form in which to obtain the tomato. It isthe whole tomato with skin and seeds removed and concentrated toa little less than one-half its bulk. It is in the proper condition forthe addition of seasoning and ingredients to make soup or sauces.There is also economy in the size of the can used and in the freighttran Stock Photo

RM2ANH96P–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . and cored. Seconds,or soup stock, consists of small tomatoes, pieces, and parts with more orless green and soft stock. Tomato puree is the best form in which to obtain the tomato. It isthe whole tomato with skin and seeds removed and concentrated toa little less than one-half its bulk. It is in the proper condition forthe addition of seasoning and ingredients to make soup or sauces.There is also economy in the size of the can used and in the freighttran

Black and white print illustrating an angled view of the Old Post Office Pavilion, a multi-level Richardsonian Romanesque structure with a tall tower over the triple-arched entrance, located at 1101 Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington DC, and currently operated by Donald Trump as the 'Trump International Hotel, Washington DC', 1903. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP861B6–Black and white print illustrating an angled view of the Old Post Office Pavilion, a multi-level Richardsonian Romanesque structure with a tall tower over the triple-arched entrance, located at 1101 Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington DC, and currently operated by Donald Trump as the 'Trump International Hotel, Washington DC', 1903. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . ed should be 15°. Seconds comprisesoft pears, large and small ones, and irregularpieces, packed in 10 sirup. The water gradeis of the same quality as seconds, but packedin water. Pears are packed in No. i flat. No. 2 flat.No. 2, No. 2)4, and No. 10 cans. Pineapples (Ananas saliva). Pineapple packing has been almost whollytransferred to the Hawaiian Islands, as the fruit grown there is of highquality. Formerly the fruit was collected while underripe in C Stock Photo

RM2ANHG2F–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . ed should be 15°. Seconds comprisesoft pears, large and small ones, and irregularpieces, packed in 10 sirup. The water gradeis of the same quality as seconds, but packedin water. Pears are packed in No. i flat. No. 2 flat.No. 2, No. 2)4, and No. 10 cans. Pineapples (Ananas saliva). Pineapple packing has been almost whollytransferred to the Hawaiian Islands, as the fruit grown there is of highquality. Formerly the fruit was collected while underripe in C

Black and white photograph of the eastern facade of the 1895 Low Memorial Library Building, a neoclassical structure designed by architect Charles Follen McKim, located at Columbia University in New York City, 1903. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP8461B–Black and white photograph of the eastern facade of the 1895 Low Memorial Library Building, a neoclassical structure designed by architect Charles Follen McKim, located at Columbia University in New York City, 1903. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

$Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . ge. It is only re-cently, however, that the amount pro-duced has equalled the demand, evenduring the height of the season, so thatit is a new product in tin. The canning Grapes. , . ,^, . - is done in Flonda.The fruit is peeled, the pulp cells separated, and the majority of theseeds removed. The packing is done in No. 2 flat and Xo. 2J2 cans. Olives {Oka caropxa). The canned ripe olive of California is rapidly displacing the pickledgreen olive. When the Stock Photo$

RM2ANHJHX–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . ge. It is only re-cently, however, that the amount pro-duced has equalled the demand, evenduring the height of the season, so thatit is a new product in tin. The canning Grapes. , . ,^, . - is done in Flonda.The fruit is peeled, the pulp cells separated, and the majority of theseeds removed. The packing is done in No. 2 flat and Xo. 2J2 cans. Olives {Oka caropxa). The canned ripe olive of California is rapidly displacing the pickledgreen olive. When the

Black and white photograph of the eastern facade of the 'Palace of Varied Industries, ' a fourteen-acre exhibit hall built by Van Bruny and Howe of Kansas City, for the Panama-Pacific International Exhibition (aka St Louis World's Fair) in 1904, 1912. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP845Y2–Black and white photograph of the eastern facade of the 'Palace of Varied Industries, ' a fourteen-acre exhibit hall built by Van Bruny and Howe of Kansas City, for the Panama-Pacific International Exhibition (aka St Louis World's Fair) in 1904, 1912. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

RM2ANH9XR–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . 4 and No. 3 cans. Squash (Cucurhita ovifera). Squash is prepared in a manner similar to pumpkin, with which it isclosely related. It is packed in No. 2^, No. 3, and No. 10 cans. Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas). The sweet potato does not keep well after harvesting, and aside fromthis there is considerable loss from shrinkage. In order to avoid thelosses from holding, the potatoes are peeled and canned. There are twostyles of packing—whole and those mash

Black and white portrait photograph of prominent Oakland attorney, George W Reed, shown from the chest up, facing the camera, with a serious expression on his face, wearing wire-rimmed glasses and a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X1P6–Black and white portrait photograph of prominent Oakland attorney, George W Reed, shown from the chest up, facing the camera, with a serious expression on his face, wearing wire-rimmed glasses and a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . is placed in the can, and this phase is emphasized fromthe start. Some of the fruits need little preparation other than pickingout foreign matter and defective material, whereas others require peeling,pitting, coring, and sizing. Some vegetables require more work than do89274°—17 2 CANNED FOODS. the fruits, as thrashing peas from the vines, husking and silking corn andcutting it from the cob, snipping and stringing beans, peeling beets,potatoes, etc. A Stock Photo

RM2ANJ0X3–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . is placed in the can, and this phase is emphasized fromthe start. Some of the fruits need little preparation other than pickingout foreign matter and defective material, whereas others require peeling,pitting, coring, and sizing. Some vegetables require more work than do89274°—17 2 CANNED FOODS. the fruits, as thrashing peas from the vines, husking and silking corn andcutting it from the cob, snipping and stringing beans, peeling beets,potatoes, etc. A

Black and white portrait photograph of prominent California pharmacist, Dr FF Jackson, shown from the chest up, looking at the camera with a serious expression on his face, wearing a pince-nez, and a dark suit with an ascot tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X1P1–Black and white portrait photograph of prominent California pharmacist, Dr FF Jackson, shown from the chest up, looking at the camera with a serious expression on his face, wearing a pince-nez, and a dark suit with an ascot tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

RM2ANHYW4–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . is placed in the can, and this phase is emphasized fromthe start. Some of the fruits need little preparation other than pickingout foreign matter and defective material, whereas others require peeling,pitting, coring, and sizing. Some vegetables require more work than do89274°—17 2 CANNED FOODS. the fruits, as thrashing peas from the vines, husking and silking corn andcutting it from the cob, snipping and stringing beans, peeling beets,potatoes, etc. A

RMP8449X–Black and white headshot photograph of American author and publisher Horace L Traubel, shot in profile, with grey curly hair and a full mustache, photographed by Paul Fournier, 1908. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . he cooking, and, by the aid of experts,to be able to make a better and more economical product than can beprepared in the home. For a long time soup had been looked upon as a product which anyonecould prepare in the kitchen from the cheaper cuts of meat and the left-over odds and ends of vegetables, and because of this view and theindifferent quality of the resultant product a kind of natural popularprejudice was created against the canned article. This Stock Photo

RM2ANH453–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . he cooking, and, by the aid of experts,to be able to make a better and more economical product than can beprepared in the home. For a long time soup had been looked upon as a product which anyonecould prepare in the kitchen from the cheaper cuts of meat and the left-over odds and ends of vegetables, and because of this view and theindifferent quality of the resultant product a kind of natural popularprejudice was created against the canned article. This

Black and white portrait photograph of prominent California pioneer and founder of Mendenhall Springs health spa, William M Mendenhall, shown from the chest up, looking off camera, with a bushy white beard, an animated expression on his face, and wearing a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X1P4–Black and white portrait photograph of prominent California pioneer and founder of Mendenhall Springs health spa, William M Mendenhall, shown from the chest up, looking off camera, with a bushy white beard, an animated expression on his face, and wearing a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . grade consists of steamed fish, selected for uniformity ofsize or count to the can, and packed in oil of a specified quality. Theymust present an appearance similar to the fancy. The standard grade con-sists of ocean run, steamed fish, packed in cottonseed oil. Sardines in mustard or in tomato sauce are of the same grade as thestandard, but in addition may contain the fish which are more or lessbroken in handling or which show skin blemishes. The Pacifi Stock Photo

RM2ANH6YF–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . grade consists of steamed fish, selected for uniformity ofsize or count to the can, and packed in oil of a specified quality. Theymust present an appearance similar to the fancy. The standard grade con-sists of ocean run, steamed fish, packed in cottonseed oil. Sardines in mustard or in tomato sauce are of the same grade as thestandard, but in addition may contain the fish which are more or lessbroken in handling or which show skin blemishes. The Pacifi

Black and white photograph showing a city street with people, cars, and horse-drawn wagons on the road below, while multi-story buildings tear apart as flames leap from their roofs following a series of aftershocks during SanFrancisco's 1906 earthquake, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMPGMT8M–Black and white photograph showing a city street with people, cars, and horse-drawn wagons on the road below, while multi-story buildings tear apart as flames leap from their roofs following a series of aftershocks during SanFrancisco's 1906 earthquake, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Delivering corn at a factory. A large plant will pack 250,000 cans per day.. A typical com and vegetable packing plant, light and sanitary. 48 CANNED POODS. Okra {Hibiscus escalenius). Okra is a semihardy plant grown for its pods, which are used exten-sively in the making of gumbos, and are rapidly coming to be used invegetable soups. It is one of the products for which a taste must beacquired, after which it is relished. The pods are packed preferablyw Stock Photo

RM2ANHAR9–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Delivering corn at a factory. A large plant will pack 250,000 cans per day.. A typical com and vegetable packing plant, light and sanitary. 48 CANNED POODS. Okra {Hibiscus escalenius). Okra is a semihardy plant grown for its pods, which are used exten-sively in the making of gumbos, and are rapidly coming to be used invegetable soups. It is one of the products for which a taste must beacquired, after which it is relished. The pods are packed preferablyw

Black and white print depicting Miss ME McDonnell, wearing a Victorian dress and leaning over a table while speaking with a group of local nurses wearing saris, likely photographed at the CSI Nursing College, in Neyyoor, Tamil Nadu, India, 1912. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP844AG–Black and white print depicting Miss ME McDonnell, wearing a Victorian dress and leaning over a table while speaking with a group of local nurses wearing saris, likely photographed at the CSI Nursing College, in Neyyoor, Tamil Nadu, India, 1912. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . The original of tiiis bool< is intine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions inthe United States on the use of the text. www.archive.org/details/cu31924003565367 DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC COMMERCEE. E. PRATT, Chief MISCELLANEOUS SERIES—No. 54 CANNED FOODS MODERN PROCESSES OF CANNING INTHE UNITED STATES, GENERAL SYSTEMOF GRADING, AND DESCRIPTION OFPRODUCTS AVAILABLE FOR EXPORT. PRICE, 20 CENTS Stock Photo

RM2ANJ1RD–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . The original of tiiis bool< is intine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions inthe United States on the use of the text. www.archive.org/details/cu31924003565367 DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE BUREAU OF FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC COMMERCEE. E. PRATT, Chief MISCELLANEOUS SERIES—No. 54 CANNED FOODS MODERN PROCESSES OF CANNING INTHE UNITED STATES, GENERAL SYSTEMOF GRADING, AND DESCRIPTION OFPRODUCTS AVAILABLE FOR EXPORT. PRICE, 20 CENTS

Black and white portrait photograph of prominent San Francisco businessman, John Sanborn, shown from the chest up, with a thoughtful expression on his face, a greying beard and mustache, and wearing a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X1MX–Black and white portrait photograph of prominent San Francisco businessman, John Sanborn, shown from the chest up, with a thoughtful expression on his face, a greying beard and mustache, and wearing a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . inch(58 mm.) opening, andbe packed in a 40° sirup.The extra standard gradeconsists of prime, ripepeaches of the size that will pass through a sixty-eight thirtv-secondsof an inch (54 mm.) screen, and is packed in 30° sirup. The stand-ard grade consists of the orchard run of sound fruit, but need not be souniform in size or color as the higher grades. The peeling and pittingshould be well done, but some irregularities are tolerated. The sirupshould be 20 Stock Photo

RM2ANHHD5–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . inch(58 mm.) opening, andbe packed in a 40° sirup.The extra standard gradeconsists of prime, ripepeaches of the size that will pass through a sixty-eight thirtv-secondsof an inch (54 mm.) screen, and is packed in 30° sirup. The stand-ard grade consists of the orchard run of sound fruit, but need not be souniform in size or color as the higher grades. The peeling and pittingshould be well done, but some irregularities are tolerated. The sirupshould be 20

Black and white portrait photograph of George H Vose, prominent California agriculturalist, shown from the waist up, his head turned in three-quarter view, with a bushy grey beard and mustache, a dark suit, and a thoughtful expression on his face, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X0R4–Black and white portrait photograph of George H Vose, prominent California agriculturalist, shown from the waist up, his head turned in three-quarter view, with a bushy grey beard and mustache, a dark suit, and a thoughtful expression on his face, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . d. SIRUPING AND BRINING. Nearly all products have a sirup or brine added. All high-grade fruitsrequire a sirup, the degree of the sirup becoming as much a part of thegrade as the quality of the fruit. Only the lowest grade is packed inwater. The vegetables require a salt or a sweet brine, the latter beinmade with a mixture of salt and sugar. The quantity of sirup or brineused is only that deemed necessary for the proper preser-ation of theproduct. Some Stock Photo

RM2ANHNBC–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . d. SIRUPING AND BRINING. Nearly all products have a sirup or brine added. All high-grade fruitsrequire a sirup, the degree of the sirup becoming as much a part of thegrade as the quality of the fruit. Only the lowest grade is packed inwater. The vegetables require a salt or a sweet brine, the latter beinmade with a mixture of salt and sugar. The quantity of sirup or brineused is only that deemed necessary for the proper preser-ation of theproduct. Some

Black and white photograph, shot from a low angle, showing James C Flood's Italian Renaissance Revival style, mansion, with a horse-drawn carriage in the foreground, the only Nob Hill mansion to structurally survive the 1906 earthquake and fire in San Francisco, California, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMPGMT77–Black and white photograph, shot from a low angle, showing James C Flood's Italian Renaissance Revival style, mansion, with a horse-drawn carriage in the foreground, the only Nob Hill mansion to structurally survive the 1906 earthquake and fire in San Francisco, California, 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . ta-tion. She was a blonde, without anything insipid abouther, with regular features, a beautiful complexion, and agraceful figure. A more unsuitable consort, however, fora valetudinarian monarch like Louis XII it would havebeen impossible to find, since she cared for nothing butdress and amusement and was a born coquette. The young princess embarked at Dover on October 2, accompanied by an immense suite, which comprised four of the chief lords of England, four hundred barons and knights, and a train of eighty lad Stock Photo

RM2AKHC0D–The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . ta-tion. She was a blonde, without anything insipid abouther, with regular features, a beautiful complexion, and agraceful figure. A more unsuitable consort, however, fora valetudinarian monarch like Louis XII it would havebeen impossible to find, since she cared for nothing butdress and amusement and was a born coquette. The young princess embarked at Dover on October 2, accompanied by an immense suite, which comprised four of the chief lords of England, four hundred barons and knights, and a train of eighty lad

RMP84527–Black and white, motion-blur photograph of a man, standing in full-length, three-quarter profile, wearing shorts and a sleeveless shirt, doing a shoulder straightening exercise with a towel, from Harrie Irving Hancock's 'Physical training for business men, basic rules and simple exercises for gaining assured control of the physical self', 1917. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . CANNED FOODS 37. 38 CANNED FOODS. The packing is done in No. i, No. 2, No. 2 double height, No. 2^,and No. 10 cans. Peaches (Prunus persica). The peach leads all other fruits in canning, both in volume and value.It is a popular fruit, being pleasing to the eye as well as to the sense oftaste, and it keeps well. There are two types, the clingstone and free-stone, the former being preferred because of the finer though firmertexture and the evenness of col Stock Photo

RM2ANHJ9M–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . CANNED FOODS 37. 38 CANNED FOODS. The packing is done in No. i, No. 2, No. 2 double height, No. 2^,and No. 10 cans. Peaches (Prunus persica). The peach leads all other fruits in canning, both in volume and value.It is a popular fruit, being pleasing to the eye as well as to the sense oftaste, and it keeps well. There are two types, the clingstone and free-stone, the former being preferred because of the finer though firmertexture and the evenness of col

RMP5X10F–Black and white portrait photograph of prominent Californian, Samuel Bookstaver Bell, shown in profile, from the chest up, with a short beard and mustache, a dark suit and tie, and a serious expression on his face, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . leme, who had a fine and healthyboy who might one day succeed to the throne, whileher own sons were lying in the cold vaults of thecathedral of Tours. This dislike, this jealousy, whichwas ere long to develop into a blind hatred, she hadbeen at no pains to conceal during the last years ofthe late Kings life. Hence, the mortifying neglectwith which Louise had been treated by the Court,and which that lady foresaw would continue to be her •fate if Anne for the second time became Queen ofFrance. It was, therefore, in Stock Photo

RM2AKHCCD–The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . leme, who had a fine and healthyboy who might one day succeed to the throne, whileher own sons were lying in the cold vaults of thecathedral of Tours. This dislike, this jealousy, whichwas ere long to develop into a blind hatred, she hadbeen at no pains to conceal during the last years ofthe late Kings life. Hence, the mortifying neglectwith which Louise had been treated by the Court,and which that lady foresaw would continue to be her •fate if Anne for the second time became Queen ofFrance. It was, therefore, in

Black and white photograph showing people and seals sitting and standing on a beach in the foreground with the ocean, cliffs, and Adolph Sutro's late-19th-century Cliff House Restaurant, a multilevel Victorian Chateau, in the background, captioned 'Cliff House and Seal Rocks, San Francisco', 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMPGMT94–Black and white photograph showing people and seals sitting and standing on a beach in the foreground with the ocean, cliffs, and Adolph Sutro's late-19th-century Cliff House Restaurant, a multilevel Victorian Chateau, in the background, captioned 'Cliff House and Seal Rocks, San Francisco', 1906. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . lmonis done on such a gigantic scale that realization of its extent can beobtained only by a visit to the fishing grounds during the season. Thefish are caught in enormous traps capable of impounding 100,000 poundsat a time, in nets that are operated by power or by teams, and withtackle small enough to be handled by one man. There are several varieties of the fish, varying in size and in the colorand texture of the flesh and in flavor. The Sockeye is th Stock Photo

RM2ANH6K0–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . lmonis done on such a gigantic scale that realization of its extent can beobtained only by a visit to the fishing grounds during the season. Thefish are caught in enormous traps capable of impounding 100,000 poundsat a time, in nets that are operated by power or by teams, and withtackle small enough to be handled by one man. There are several varieties of the fish, varying in size and in the colorand texture of the flesh and in flavor. The Sockeye is th

Black and white portrait photograph of prominent California attorney, Harmon Bell, shown from the chest up, looking at the camera, with a serious expression on his face, a white mustache, and wearing a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X1NY–Black and white portrait photograph of prominent California attorney, Harmon Bell, shown from the chest up, looking at the camera, with a serious expression on his face, a white mustache, and wearing a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . nd territories ; and, after a gooddeal of delay, Charles consented. He, at the same time,declared that it was his wish that whatever powers mightbe given the princess—whom he regarded as accreditedto himself—the Regent should still authorize her Ambas-sadors to treat for peace with his Ministers ; though thetreaty should be definitely concluded between Margueriteand the Emperor. Marguerite was naturally overjoyed at the prospect ofseeing her brother again, and personally negotiating hisrelease ; but Louise of Sav Stock Photo

RM2AKHBD2–The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . nd territories ; and, after a gooddeal of delay, Charles consented. He, at the same time,declared that it was his wish that whatever powers mightbe given the princess—whom he regarded as accreditedto himself—the Regent should still authorize her Ambas-sadors to treat for peace with his Ministers ; though thetreaty should be definitely concluded between Margueriteand the Emperor. Marguerite was naturally overjoyed at the prospect ofseeing her brother again, and personally negotiating hisrelease ; but Louise of Sav

Black and white portrait photograph of Francis J Fluno, founder of Oakland's first Christian Scientist church, shown seated, in three-quarter view, with a white beard and mustache, a dark suit, and a thoughtful expression on his face, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X1KX–Black and white portrait photograph of Francis J Fluno, founder of Oakland's first Christian Scientist church, shown seated, in three-quarter view, with a white beard and mustache, a dark suit, and a thoughtful expression on his face, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . ak brine. Owing to the fact that the workis done very promptly after harvesting, thecanned product is generally superior to thefresh found on the market. The packing is in No. 2j4 cans. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea). Small firm heads of cabbage are selected, theouter leaves removed, and the core and coarsemidribs cut out. The packing is done in No.3 cans. Carrots (Daucus carota). Carrots are packed whole, sliced, and diced.They are used largely by hotels Stock Photo

RM2ANHCT9–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . ak brine. Owing to the fact that the workis done very promptly after harvesting, thecanned product is generally superior to thefresh found on the market. The packing is in No. 2j4 cans. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea). Small firm heads of cabbage are selected, theouter leaves removed, and the core and coarsemidribs cut out. The packing is done in No.3 cans. Carrots (Daucus carota). Carrots are packed whole, sliced, and diced.They are used largely by hotels

RMP5X1XF–Black and white portrait photograph of the president of the Oakland Traction Company, Ernest A Heron, shown in three-quarter profile view, from the chest up, with a serious expression on his face, a neatly groomed mustache, and wearing a dark suit and polka dotted tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . A can-closing machine. The cover is crimped onto the body. the material. When done below or at the boiling temperature, openwater baths are generally employed and the temperature controlled bysome adequate device. When carried out above the boiling point, thework is accomplished in retorts or autoclaves in water or in steam under CANNED FOODS. 23 pressure. By means of the latter any suitable temperature can beobtained. Fruits do not need a temperature a Stock Photo

RM2ANHM4F–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . A can-closing machine. The cover is crimped onto the body. the material. When done below or at the boiling temperature, openwater baths are generally employed and the temperature controlled bysome adequate device. When carried out above the boiling point, thework is accomplished in retorts or autoclaves in water or in steam under CANNED FOODS. 23 pressure. By means of the latter any suitable temperature can beobtained. Fruits do not need a temperature a

Black and white portrait photograph of the president of the Western National Bank of San Francisco, Captain Charles Nelson, shown from the waist up, facing the camera, with a calm expression on his face, with a short, neatly groomed beard and mustache, and wearing a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X1PX–Black and white portrait photograph of the president of the Western National Bank of San Francisco, Captain Charles Nelson, shown from the waist up, facing the camera, with a calm expression on his face, with a short, neatly groomed beard and mustache, and wearing a dark suit and tie, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . string beans, natural size, after canning.Beets {Bda mlgaris). Beets for canning are from an especially red, garden -ariety. Theyare planted so as to develop late in the fall when the weather iscool, in order to secure small size and the maximum of tenderness.Beets which are not red throughout or have large vascular zones arenot suitable. They are graded according to size, the small being less CANNED FOODS. 45 tiian I inch (25.4 mm.) in diameter, the m Stock Photo

RM2ANHDHR–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . string beans, natural size, after canning.Beets {Bda mlgaris). Beets for canning are from an especially red, garden -ariety. Theyare planted so as to develop late in the fall when the weather iscool, in order to secure small size and the maximum of tenderness.Beets which are not red throughout or have large vascular zones arenot suitable. They are graded according to size, the small being less CANNED FOODS. 45 tiian I inch (25.4 mm.) in diameter, the m

Black and white portrait photograph of German economist and philosopher Karl Marx (circa 1875) seated, in three-quarter view, with a bushy white beard, dark mustache, and receding hairline, wearing a dark suit, with a serious expression on his face, from the volume 'Men and Thought in Modern History, ' authored by Ernest Scott and published by Macmillan, California, 1920. Courtesy Internet Archive. () Stock Photo

RMP5X262–Black and white portrait photograph of German economist and philosopher Karl Marx (circa 1875) seated, in three-quarter view, with a bushy white beard, dark mustache, and receding hairline, wearing a dark suit, with a serious expression on his face, from the volume 'Men and Thought in Modern History, ' authored by Ernest Scott and published by Macmillan, California, 1920. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

$Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . 4, No. 3, and No. 10. Rhubarb {Rheum rhaponlicum). Rhubarb has long been used as an appetizing tart sauce or in pies. Itis canned in sirup or in water. The leaf stalks are cut transversely intolengths of about one-half inch (13 mm.). Packing is done in No. 3 andNo. 10 cans.. ^ Spinach. One-third natural size.Spinach {Spinacia oleracea). Spinach belongs to that class of foods generally denominated greens.It is grown both as an early spring and a fall c Stock Photo$

RM2ANHA88–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . 4, No. 3, and No. 10. Rhubarb {Rheum rhaponlicum). Rhubarb has long been used as an appetizing tart sauce or in pies. Itis canned in sirup or in water. The leaf stalks are cut transversely intolengths of about one-half inch (13 mm.). Packing is done in No. 3 andNo. 10 cans.. ^ Spinach. One-third natural size.Spinach {Spinacia oleracea). Spinach belongs to that class of foods generally denominated greens.It is grown both as an early spring and a fall c

RMP5X1PA–Black and white portrait photograph of Joseph Nicholas Ghirardelli, prominent San Francisco business man and son of Domenico Ghirardelli (the founder of the Ghirardelli Chocolate Company) shown in three-quarter profile view, with a white, handlebar mustache, pince-nez glasses, a dark suit and tie with a flower in the buttonhole, and a serious expression on his face, from the volume 'History of the State of California and Biographical Record of Oakland and Environs, ' authored by JM (James Miller) Guinn, and published in Los Angeles by the Historic Record Co, 1907. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Filling machine. This operation is known as exhausting, and is for the purpose of producinga can with ends properly collapsed. CLOSING. The method of closing the cans depends upon the type used. Thesolder-top cans are sealed by automatic machines, which wipe the tops,place the caps, apply the flux, heat the solder, and close the vent withoutthe introduction of hand labor. The hand soldering copper or cappingsteel is to be found in only the smallest plan Stock Photo

RM2ANHMD2–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Filling machine. This operation is known as exhausting, and is for the purpose of producinga can with ends properly collapsed. CLOSING. The method of closing the cans depends upon the type used. Thesolder-top cans are sealed by automatic machines, which wipe the tops,place the caps, apply the flux, heat the solder, and close the vent withoutthe introduction of hand labor. The hand soldering copper or cappingsteel is to be found in only the smallest plan

RMP5X23K–Black and white, headshot photograph of scientist, and discoverer of the X-ray, Wilhelm (or Willam) Conrad Rontgen, with a bushy beard, and wearing a dark suit, looking off camera, in three-quarter profile view, from the volume 'Dental and Oral Radiography: a text book for students and practitioners of dentistry, ' authored by James David McCoy, and published in St Louis by Mosby, Germany, 1916. Courtesy Internet Archive. ()

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . article of food is deemed to be adulterated: First, if any substancehas been mixed and packed with it so as to reduce or lower or injuriouslvaffect its quality or strength. For example, in canning, if more waterbe added than is necessary for the proper preparation of the product, as5 ounces of water and 3 ounces of oysters in an 8-ounce can. Second,if any substance has been substituted wholly or in part for the article.Such substitution may not necessar Stock Photo

RM2ANHM32–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . article of food is deemed to be adulterated: First, if any substancehas been mixed and packed with it so as to reduce or lower or injuriouslvaffect its quality or strength. For example, in canning, if more waterbe added than is necessary for the proper preparation of the product, as5 ounces of water and 3 ounces of oysters in an 8-ounce can. Second,if any substance has been substituted wholly or in part for the article.Such substitution may not necessar

The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . is was not always proof against the attrac-tions of other facile beauties. In order to save appear-ances and diminish the scandal, the King married the ladyto a complaisant nobleman, Jean de Brosse, a directdescendant of the Vicomtes de Limoges, who consented toconfer the shelter of his name upon the avowed mistressof his Sovereign in return for the restoration of his familyestates, which had been confiscated owing to the treasonof his father, Ren6 de Brosse, who had taken part in theconspiracy of Bourbon, follow Stock Photo

RM2AKHB2P–The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . is was not always proof against the attrac-tions of other facile beauties. In order to save appear-ances and diminish the scandal, the King married the ladyto a complaisant nobleman, Jean de Brosse, a directdescendant of the Vicomtes de Limoges, who consented toconfer the shelter of his name upon the avowed mistressof his Sovereign in return for the restoration of his familyestates, which had been confiscated owing to the treasonof his father, Ren6 de Brosse, who had taken part in theconspiracy of Bourbon, follow

$Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . 3 inches tall. Oysters {Oslrca virginiana). While the oyster is found along the greater part of the Atlantic andGulf coasts, the canning is limited to the region of Chesapeake Bay andSavannah, Ga., in the East, to Apalachicola and the coast of ^Mississippiand lyouisiana on the Gulf. The supplies obtained at other points areused in the fresh trade. The supply of this shellfish has been so muchdepleted that the gathering is limited to certain sizes and to Stock Photo$

RM2ANH8P6–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . 3 inches tall. Oysters {Oslrca virginiana). While the oyster is found along the greater part of the Atlantic andGulf coasts, the canning is limited to the region of Chesapeake Bay andSavannah, Ga., in the East, to Apalachicola and the coast of ^Mississippiand lyouisiana on the Gulf. The supplies obtained at other points areused in the fresh trade. The supply of this shellfish has been so muchdepleted that the gathering is limited to certain sizes and to

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . > ^K>* cooked, pressed through asieve, and made into a thickpulp. Packing is done inNo. I and No. 2 cans. Figs (Ficus carica). The fig used for canningdiffers from that used fordrying, being small, thin-skinned, and tender. Gradeshave not been very clearlydefined. The figs are handsorted for size, the rough por-tion of the skin removed, andthen they are gently heated, with sugar, in jacketed kettles, so that thesirup becomes so heavy that they are Stock Photo

RM2ANHK43–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . > ^K>* cooked, pressed through asieve, and made into a thickpulp. Packing is done inNo. I and No. 2 cans. Figs (Ficus carica). The fig used for canningdiffers from that used fordrying, being small, thin-skinned, and tender. Gradeshave not been very clearlydefined. The figs are handsorted for size, the rough por-tion of the skin removed, andthen they are gently heated, with sugar, in jacketed kettles, so that thesirup becomes so heavy that they are

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Blackberries and loganberries on top line; raspberries on the second line. Natural size. The cultivated blackberry attains a large size as compared with thewild berry, and the percentage of seed is much reduced. The flavor isparticularly pleasing when brought out by a fairly heavy sirup. Theraspberry is a much more delicate berry, from one-third to one-half thesize of the blackberry. The color may be black, yellow, or red, the latterbeing preferred for Stock Photo

RM2ANHKBW–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Blackberries and loganberries on top line; raspberries on the second line. Natural size. The cultivated blackberry attains a large size as compared with thewild berry, and the percentage of seed is much reduced. The flavor isparticularly pleasing when brought out by a fairly heavy sirup. Theraspberry is a much more delicate berry, from one-third to one-half thesize of the blackberry. The color may be black, yellow, or red, the latterbeing preferred for

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . of cookery. The tamaleis canned in two styles, plain and Mexican. In the plain tamale the canis lined with a heavy batter of corn meal, made by cooking the meal inthe beef broth, and the center of the can is filled with meat, olives, chili,and spices. The meat may be chicken, veal, or beef, and the tamale isdesignated by the kind of meat used. In the Mexican style the sameingredients are used, but they are layered and wrapped with clean softcorn husks. Stock Photo

RM2ANH4FW–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . of cookery. The tamaleis canned in two styles, plain and Mexican. In the plain tamale the canis lined with a heavy batter of corn meal, made by cooking the meal inthe beef broth, and the center of the can is filled with meat, olives, chili,and spices. The meat may be chicken, veal, or beef, and the tamale isdesignated by the kind of meat used. In the Mexican style the sameingredients are used, but they are layered and wrapped with clean softcorn husks.

The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . esses, followed the example of the capital. As the months passed, the outlook grew more andmore gloomy. The death of Leo X (December 21, 1521)was followed by the election to the Pontifical chair of theEmperors old tutor, Adrian of Utrecht; at the end ofthe following April, Lautrec, who had re-entered theMilanese, rashly attacked the Imperialists in their almostimpregnable position at La Bicocca, a country-housesurrounded by a great moat near Milan, with the resultthat he met with a disastrous repulse and was obli Stock Photo

RM2AKHBRH–The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . esses, followed the example of the capital. As the months passed, the outlook grew more andmore gloomy. The death of Leo X (December 21, 1521)was followed by the election to the Pontifical chair of theEmperors old tutor, Adrian of Utrecht; at the end ofthe following April, Lautrec, who had re-entered theMilanese, rashly attacked the Imperialists in their almostimpregnable position at La Bicocca, a country-housesurrounded by a great moat near Milan, with the resultthat he met with a disastrous repulse and was obli

RM2ANHNRM–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Grading olives. The olives are carried on a belt in front of the inspectors. Essentially the samemethod is used in grading for quality in all lines. GRADING. Grading to secure uniformity in a product, in both appearance andquality, is a necessity in all high-class packing. Sometimes it would seemthat this is being carried to excess when it is realized that there are lo or12 grades of peas and an equal number of grades of apricots, 15 to 18grades of peac

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . an of fancy comshould be filled to within three-eighthsof an inch (9.3 mm.) of the cover, beyoung, tender, with the distinctiveflavor of young com, medium moist,practically free from husk or silk, andonly slightly darker than the naturalproduct. A can of standard comshould be well filled, reasonablv ten-der, of a fairly bright color or onlyslightly brown, nearly free from silk, bits of husk or cob, and have theflavor of green corn. The second grade is g Stock Photo

RM2ANHCW1–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . an of fancy comshould be filled to within three-eighthsof an inch (9.3 mm.) of the cover, beyoung, tender, with the distinctiveflavor of young com, medium moist,practically free from husk or silk, andonly slightly darker than the naturalproduct. A can of standard comshould be well filled, reasonablv ten-der, of a fairly bright color or onlyslightly brown, nearly free from silk, bits of husk or cob, and have theflavor of green corn. The second grade is g

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . the effect of law, indicatethe interpretation that the officials charged with the enforcement desireto have placed upon the decisions, and are accepted as guides bv manu-facturers. While there are no legal standards for canned foods, there aretrade standards accepted by the manufacturer and dealer, which areindicated under the various articles. The provisions of the Federal food and drugs act apply particularlvto the finished product, but are sufficient Stock Photo

RM2ANHM3D–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . the effect of law, indicatethe interpretation that the officials charged with the enforcement desireto have placed upon the decisions, and are accepted as guides bv manu-facturers. While there are no legal standards for canned foods, there aretrade standards accepted by the manufacturer and dealer, which areindicated under the various articles. The provisions of the Federal food and drugs act apply particularlvto the finished product, but are sufficient

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . be of any size. Plums are packed in No. i flat, No. 2I2, and Xo. 10 cans. Prunes. The dried-prune crop on the Pacific coast amounts to about 250,000,000pounds annually, a very large part of which is exported. The one objec-tion to this method of preparation is that where the goods are shippedthrough or into the Tropics there may be some deterioration. Toovercome this condition prunes are canned, either dry or in sirup Adistinct advantage in this method Stock Photo

RM2ANHFK4–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . be of any size. Plums are packed in No. i flat, No. 2I2, and Xo. 10 cans. Prunes. The dried-prune crop on the Pacific coast amounts to about 250,000,000pounds annually, a very large part of which is exported. The one objec-tion to this method of preparation is that where the goods are shippedthrough or into the Tropics there may be some deterioration. Toovercome this condition prunes are canned, either dry or in sirup Adistinct advantage in this method

The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . scony, visiting the various towns andfortresses, inspecting the garrisons, and conferring withtheir commanders. Her sojourn at Bordeaux affordedher an opportunity of intervening on behalf of AndrewMelanchthon, brother of the celebrated Reformer, whohad been arrested and imprisoned in the Conciergerie,for preaching in the town of Agen. In her character ofgovernor, she went down in state to the Palais de Justiceand demanded his release of the Parlement of Bordeaux,which was accorded, on condition that he betook him Stock Photo

RM2AKHAMP–The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . scony, visiting the various towns andfortresses, inspecting the garrisons, and conferring withtheir commanders. Her sojourn at Bordeaux affordedher an opportunity of intervening on behalf of AndrewMelanchthon, brother of the celebrated Reformer, whohad been arrested and imprisoned in the Conciergerie,for preaching in the town of Agen. In her character ofgovernor, she went down in state to the Palais de Justiceand demanded his release of the Parlement of Bordeaux,which was accorded, on condition that he betook him

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . weight due to water eliminated incanning and cooking and loss of weight due to trimming, make the cannedmeat appear to be much more costly than the fresh, when in reality thedifference may be small. Meats are packed in large cuts which will just fit the can, and aredesignated by such names as roast beef, brisket beef, cottage beef, or inthe case of a mild, sweet cured meat, as corned beef. The meat may berather coarsely cut and mixed with cereal, and is Stock Photo

RM2ANH59Y–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . weight due to water eliminated incanning and cooking and loss of weight due to trimming, make the cannedmeat appear to be much more costly than the fresh, when in reality thedifference may be small. Meats are packed in large cuts which will just fit the can, and aredesignated by such names as roast beef, brisket beef, cottage beef, or inthe case of a mild, sweet cured meat, as corned beef. The meat may berather coarsely cut and mixed with cereal, and is

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . A clump of oysters. CANNED FOODS. 55 Sardines (Clupea harengus). Sardine canning began in the United States, at Eastport, Me., in 1841,and that port continues to be the center of the industry. Sardines arealso packed on the Pacific coast at Monterey, Cal. The food officialshave defined the American sardine to be any small herring, and this iswhat is understood generally in the trade. The Pacific coast sardinediffers slightly from the Atlantic and is a m Stock Photo

RM2ANH85T–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . A clump of oysters. CANNED FOODS. 55 Sardines (Clupea harengus). Sardine canning began in the United States, at Eastport, Me., in 1841,and that port continues to be the center of the industry. Sardines arealso packed on the Pacific coast at Monterey, Cal. The food officialshave defined the American sardine to be any small herring, and this iswhat is understood generally in the trade. The Pacific coast sardinediffers slightly from the Atlantic and is a m

The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . rs-Cotterets, 396Vittoria, 229, 230, 263 Waldo, Pierre de, 391Wallup, 329Wasa, Gustavus, 378Wolsey, Cardinal, 121, 139, 140, 244,251, 270 York, Duke of, afterwards Henry VHI,King ot England, 36, 38 Printed in Great Britain byRichard Clay & Sons, Limited,muhswick st., stamford st., s.&., and BUNGAY, SUFFOLK.. oia^XCe^z/e^^ J>^ni-a<H^/^*?tey. ^ ^ 4^1^^. THEPEARL OF PRINCESSES THE LIFE OF MARGUERITEDANGOULEME, QUEEN OF NAVARRE BY H. NOEL WILLIAMS AUTHOR OF fIVB FAIR SISTERS, ETC. NEW YORKBRENTANOS c Printed in Stock Photo

RM2AKHCMB–The pearl of princesses : the life of Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre . rs-Cotterets, 396Vittoria, 229, 230, 263 Waldo, Pierre de, 391Wallup, 329Wasa, Gustavus, 378Wolsey, Cardinal, 121, 139, 140, 244,251, 270 York, Duke of, afterwards Henry VHI,King ot England, 36, 38 Printed in Great Britain byRichard Clay & Sons, Limited,muhswick st., stamford st., s.&., and BUNGAY, SUFFOLK.. oia^XCe^z/e^^ J>^ni-a<H^/^*?tey. ^ ^ 4^1^^. THEPEARL OF PRINCESSES THE LIFE OF MARGUERITEDANGOULEME, QUEEN OF NAVARRE BY H. NOEL WILLIAMS AUTHOR OF fIVB FAIR SISTERS, ETC. NEW YORKBRENTANOS c Printed in

Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. . Stock Photo

RM2ANHKY2–Canned foodsModern processes of canning in the United States, general system of grading, and description of products available for export .. .

A venture in 1777 . lent, and it was Bill who replied. Well, Sambo—thats Aunt Marys man, sir—^he wouldnt let us carry the lantern. Verney, the sjnrnpathetic lover of all their mischief, asked, What then, Bill? We kicked his shins and he dropped the lantern and it went out, and a soldier came along and he said we had no lantern and he must take Sambo to the guard-house. Verney, much amused, said: You young rebels are always in mischief. The orders of Mr. Galloway are 32 that every one after dark must A VENTURE carry a lantern. IN 1777 Well, we wanted to carry it. What did Sambo say? He ran away Stock Photo

RM2AJM34R–A venture in 1777 . lent, and it was Bill who replied. Well, Sambo—thats Aunt Marys man, sir—^he wouldnt let us carry the lantern. Verney, the sjnrnpathetic lover of all their mischief, asked, What then, Bill? We kicked his shins and he dropped the lantern and it went out, and a soldier came along and he said we had no lantern and he must take Sambo to the guard-house. Verney, much amused, said: You young rebels are always in mischief. The orders of Mr. Galloway are 32 that every one after dark must A VENTURE carry a lantern. IN 1777 Well, we wanted to carry it. What did Sambo say? He ran away

A soldier-doctor of our army, James PKimball, late colonel and assistant surgeon-general, U.SArmy . w H o Piw (In > WOH SANTA FE 129 a weak infusion of tea, it was improved some-what; — we drank what we must and went tobed. (No tents.) Mother Nature showed notthe least soHcitude for her children except inthe beautiful night breeze, which brought adewy coolness to our fevered throats. In themorning twilight yesterday, we bade good-bye to the Mancos and its shadowy history,and moved homeward. . Stone walls do notlend themselves kindly to the camera, andthose wolf-haunted chambers have little Stock Photo

RM2AKR7B4–A soldier-doctor of our army, James PKimball, late colonel and assistant surgeon-general, U.SArmy . w H o Piw (In > WOH SANTA FE 129 a weak infusion of tea, it was improved some-what; — we drank what we must and went tobed. (No tents.) Mother Nature showed notthe least soHcitude for her children except inthe beautiful night breeze, which brought adewy coolness to our fevered throats. In themorning twilight yesterday, we bade good-bye to the Mancos and its shadowy history,and moved homeward. . Stone walls do notlend themselves kindly to the camera, andthose wolf-haunted chambers have little

Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map . Tabari (d. A.D. 923),writing in the same century as Firdausi, but earlier, even claimsthat it was to a place in Istakhr, called Dizh-i Mplsht, Strong-hold of Records, that Zoroasters patron, Vishtasp, sent theoriginal copy of the Avesta, which was engrossed in letters ofgold. This tradition, also found elsewhere, seems to agree withthe Pahlavi account of the archetype copy of the scriptureswhich was deposited in the treasury of Shaplgdn ^ and burned 1 See p. 294, above. Euluh, cited by Stock Photo

RM2AKXF8D–Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map . Tabari (d. A.D. 923),writing in the same century as Firdausi, but earlier, even claimsthat it was to a place in Istakhr, called Dizh-i Mplsht, Strong-hold of Records, that Zoroasters patron, Vishtasp, sent theoriginal copy of the Avesta, which was engrossed in letters ofgold. This tradition, also found elsewhere, seems to agree withthe Pahlavi account of the archetype copy of the scriptureswhich was deposited in the treasury of Shaplgdn ^ and burned 1 See p. 294, above. Euluh, cited by

Census of the commonwealth of Massachusetts, 1905 . arbleliead. Steam engines. 8 146 Steam engines. Gas and gasoline engines, . 97 26644 Gas and gasoline engines, .Water wheels. 15 7115 Water motors, 1 2 SAIiEM. Rented power:Electric,Other, 20140 Steam engines. Gas and gasohne engines, Electric motors, 5846 7,441 67 4 Merrimac. Rented power: Steim engines. 5 207 Electric, 372 Gas and gasoline engines. 2 18 Other, 317 Water wheels, . 1 25 Electric motors, 1 10 Salisbury. Rented power: Gas and gasoline engines, . 2 16 Electric, - 27 Sangrns. Sletlmen. Steam engines. 9 195 Steam engines. 15 3,696 Stock Photo

RM2AWJ6BE–Census of the commonwealth of Massachusetts, 1905 . arbleliead. Steam engines. 8 146 Steam engines. Gas and gasoline engines, . 97 26644 Gas and gasoline engines, .Water wheels. 15 7115 Water motors, 1 2 SAIiEM. Rented power:Electric,Other, 20140 Steam engines. Gas and gasohne engines, Electric motors, 5846 7,441 67 4 Merrimac. Rented power: Steim engines. 5 207 Electric, 372 Gas and gasoline engines. 2 18 Other, 317 Water wheels, . 1 25 Electric motors, 1 10 Salisbury. Rented power: Gas and gasoline engines, . 2 16 Electric, - 27 Sangrns. Sletlmen. Steam engines. 9 195 Steam engines. 15 3,696

A historical sketch of the 'Old Mission,' and its missionaries to the Ojibway Indians : on Madeline Island, Lake Superior, Wisconsin . TO ALL WHO (BELIEVE IN THE GOOT) OL<D VIRTUES Of Consecration, Courage, Charity, (Devotion, Faith, Hope,Love, (Patience, (Philanthropy, Self=Sacrifice, and Steady-fast Toil for Christ s sake to uplift Humanity, thesepages are Cordially (Dedicated In His NamebyTHE AUTHOR.. ao PHcu31924102029489 Stock Photo

RM2AWD6DW–A historical sketch of the 'Old Mission,' and its missionaries to the Ojibway Indians : on Madeline Island, Lake Superior, Wisconsin . TO ALL WHO (BELIEVE IN THE GOOT) OL<D VIRTUES Of Consecration, Courage, Charity, (Devotion, Faith, Hope,Love, (Patience, (Philanthropy, Self=Sacrifice, and Steady-fast Toil for Christ s sake to uplift Humanity, thesepages are Cordially (Dedicated In His NamebyTHE AUTHOR.. ao PHcu31924102029489

Oracle, The . Maud Myer.-< ERA ESTHER WELLSMajor, Music. Secretary St. Cecilians Club. Mem-ber S. W. N. Chafing Dish Club, Mem-ber Girls Glee Club, Member Y. W.C. A. Cabinet. GRACE A. NORRISMajor, Music. Vice-President St. Cecilians Club,President Girls Glee Club, Member S.W. N. Chafing Dish Club, Member Y.W. C. A. Cabinet, Delegate Y. W. C.A. Convention at Winfield 1909-10. GERTRUDE CLARA SCHAEFERMajor, Art. President Class of Special GraduatesSecretary and Treasurer Athletic As-sociation Fall 1910. Artist for Oracle.Member S. W. N. Chafing Dish Club,Member St. Cecilians Club. GammaDelta K Stock Photo

RM2AWFYRW–Oracle, The . Maud Myer.-< ERA ESTHER WELLSMajor, Music. Secretary St. Cecilians Club. Mem-ber S. W. N. Chafing Dish Club, Mem-ber Girls Glee Club, Member Y. W.C. A. Cabinet. GRACE A. NORRISMajor, Music. Vice-President St. Cecilians Club,President Girls Glee Club, Member S.W. N. Chafing Dish Club, Member Y.W. C. A. Cabinet, Delegate Y. W. C.A. Convention at Winfield 1909-10. GERTRUDE CLARA SCHAEFERMajor, Art. President Class of Special GraduatesSecretary and Treasurer Athletic As-sociation Fall 1910. Artist for Oracle.Member S. W. N. Chafing Dish Club,Member St. Cecilians Club. GammaDelta K

Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map . A (ii.iMiSK OF Ukl :^I1AJI. NoKTHEKN End of Lakk Ukumiah PEASANTS AS HOSTS 85 me and watched the proceedings with interest, first examiningmy pistol-belt as I unclasped it (now minus the revolver),admiring the leather, especially the mechanism of the clasp,then commenting on the quality as a whole, and passing thebelt to the next. My russet riding-leggings, with their practicalYankee fastenings, called forth special approval, so I passedthese around as further exhibits, and each of the Stock Photo

RM2AM0XYR–Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map . A (ii.iMiSK OF Ukl :^I1AJI. NoKTHEKN End of Lakk Ukumiah PEASANTS AS HOSTS 85 me and watched the proceedings with interest, first examiningmy pistol-belt as I unclasped it (now minus the revolver),admiring the leather, especially the mechanism of the clasp,then commenting on the quality as a whole, and passing thebelt to the next. My russet riding-leggings, with their practicalYankee fastenings, called forth special approval, so I passedthese around as further exhibits, and each of the

The life and letters of Edward Young . rtaking; but I am at present not at leisure to reviewwhat I formerly writ. More than six months elapsed ere thepersistent bookseller wrote again, this time for a portrait. I have no picture, Young replied, or it should be at yourservice. Nor have I the Epistle to Lord Lansdowne. Butif you will take my advice, I would have you omit that, andthe Oration on Colonel Codrington: I think your collectionwill sell better without them. I wish you success.1 Thiswas sufficient for Curll. He duly advertised his edition ofDr. Youngs Pieces as made by his approbation a Stock Photo

RM2AKN9CF–The life and letters of Edward Young . rtaking; but I am at present not at leisure to reviewwhat I formerly writ. More than six months elapsed ere thepersistent bookseller wrote again, this time for a portrait. I have no picture, Young replied, or it should be at yourservice. Nor have I the Epistle to Lord Lansdowne. Butif you will take my advice, I would have you omit that, andthe Oration on Colonel Codrington: I think your collectionwill sell better without them. I wish you success.1 Thiswas sufficient for Curll. He duly advertised his edition ofDr. Youngs Pieces as made by his approbation a

History of Europe, ancient and medieval: Earliest man, the Orient, Greece and Rome . e churchservices must have sadlyshocked a great part of theEnglish people, who had beenaccustomed to watch with aweand expectancy the variousacts associated with the manychurch ceremonies and festi-vals. Earnest men who de-plored the misrule of thosewho conducted Edwards gov-ernment in the name ofProtestantism must have con-cluded that the reformerswere chiefly intent upon ad-vancing their own interests by plundering the Church. We getsome idea of the desecrations of the time from the fact that Ed-ward was for Stock Photo

RM2AKKFM8–History of Europe, ancient and medieval: Earliest man, the Orient, Greece and Rome . e churchservices must have sadlyshocked a great part of theEnglish people, who had beenaccustomed to watch with aweand expectancy the variousacts associated with the manychurch ceremonies and festi-vals. Earnest men who de-plored the misrule of thosewho conducted Edwards gov-ernment in the name ofProtestantism must have con-cluded that the reformerswere chiefly intent upon ad-vancing their own interests by plundering the Church. We getsome idea of the desecrations of the time from the fact that Ed-ward was for

Chronicles of the White Mountains . ed with a deso-late heap of embers and ashes, charred timbers, andruined metal work, the Tip-Top House alone of allthe Summit buildings being left to watch over thissad scene of devastation. The buildings destroyed have been already named.Besides the Tip-Top House, the flames also sparedthe two stables, a few hundred feet below the Sum-mit. The high wind was the means of saving theupper stable, as the gusts blew off the blazing piecesof wood which fell on the roof of that building beforethey had time to do more than scorch the shingles. The destruction of al Stock Photo

RM2AWKFK0–Chronicles of the White Mountains . ed with a deso-late heap of embers and ashes, charred timbers, andruined metal work, the Tip-Top House alone of allthe Summit buildings being left to watch over thissad scene of devastation. The buildings destroyed have been already named.Besides the Tip-Top House, the flames also sparedthe two stables, a few hundred feet below the Sum-mit. The high wind was the means of saving theupper stable, as the gusts blew off the blazing piecesof wood which fell on the roof of that building beforethey had time to do more than scorch the shingles. The destruction of al

. The small rock garden. 2s: ^ :?;o o ft; u ?I 2 oI ?s OO AOCO hH HOHP^P4 O ao XHH c Q en CO O .01 CO •^f c S ?H 3 3 fl 3 U en O (J >. si ft i>. 3 :; 3 : 3 f-l ; >; 3 o 3 3 « 9 M Oq M 3 o.ar aT -> z S °go 1^ . C . a) 2 S* ? S-O 3 •eg ^ £ o § o Pi Pi (Vj Pi 3 J3 Pi S^ P5 3 s OU3 O =a S PLhu! cd o ID cd to O >> O o m rfi to •in CS 1-1 tn -o HId o h-1 (33 ?a Ido o > f) P.^^ U to OO s s.-s .3 5 o p:gu ^ .ti Mm 1-1 iJ bo E 3 no Effective Plant Grouping 111. Stock Photo

RM2AG58F7–. The small rock garden. 2s: ^ :?;o o ft; u ?I 2 oI ?s OO AOCO hH HOHP^P4 O ao XHH c Q en CO O .01 CO •^f c S ?H 3 3 fl 3 U en O (J >. si ft i>. 3 :; 3 : 3 f-l ; >; 3 o 3 3 « 9 M Oq M 3 o.ar aT -> z S °go 1^ . C . a) 2 S* ? S-O 3 •eg ^ £ o § o Pi Pi (Vj Pi 3 J3 Pi S^ P5 3 s OU3 O =a S PLhu! cd o ID cd to O >> O o m rfi to •in CS 1-1 tn -o HId o h-1 (33 ?a Ido o > f) P.^^ U to OO s s.-s .3 5 o p:gu ^ .ti Mm 1-1 iJ bo E 3 no Effective Plant Grouping 111.

A treatise on highway construction . blocks of granite, properlyproportioned, laid on an unyielding and impervious foundation,with the joints between the blocks filled with an impermeablecement. This type is practically a return to the system of theEomans, but with blocks of lesser dimensions than they used. 141. Experience has proved beyond doubt that this latter typeof pavement is the most enduring and economical for roadwayssubjected to heavy and constant traffic. Its advantages are many,while its defects are few. 142. Advautai^es. (1) Adaptability to all grades. (2) Suits all classes of tr Stock Photo

RM2AWPJXE–A treatise on highway construction . blocks of granite, properlyproportioned, laid on an unyielding and impervious foundation,with the joints between the blocks filled with an impermeablecement. This type is practically a return to the system of theEomans, but with blocks of lesser dimensions than they used. 141. Experience has proved beyond doubt that this latter typeof pavement is the most enduring and economical for roadwayssubjected to heavy and constant traffic. Its advantages are many,while its defects are few. 142. Advautai^es. (1) Adaptability to all grades. (2) Suits all classes of tr

Elements of mineralogy, crystallography and blowpipe analysis from a practical standpoint .. . Hausmannite, pji = 105° 26 hausmannite. Composition.—MnjO^. (MujOj 69.0, MnO 31.0 per cent.). General Description.—Black granular strongly coherent masses occasionally insimple and twinned tetragonal pyramids which are more acute than those of braunite,c=i.l74. Physical Characters.—Opaque. Lustre, submetallic. Color, brownish black.Streak, chestnut brown. H., 5 to 5.5. Sp. gr., 4.72 to 4.85. Strongly coherent. Before Blowpipe, Etc.—Infusible. C-jlors borax bead amethystine. Solublein hydrochloric aci Stock Photo

RM2AJHWWP–Elements of mineralogy, crystallography and blowpipe analysis from a practical standpoint .. . Hausmannite, pji = 105° 26 hausmannite. Composition.—MnjO^. (MujOj 69.0, MnO 31.0 per cent.). General Description.—Black granular strongly coherent masses occasionally insimple and twinned tetragonal pyramids which are more acute than those of braunite,c=i.l74. Physical Characters.—Opaque. Lustre, submetallic. Color, brownish black.Streak, chestnut brown. H., 5 to 5.5. Sp. gr., 4.72 to 4.85. Strongly coherent. Before Blowpipe, Etc.—Infusible. C-jlors borax bead amethystine. Solublein hydrochloric aci

Major prophets of to-day . schwachen Seite, byJulius Baumann (Leipzig: Diederich, 1900) ; Anti-Haeckel, by F. Loofs, Professor of Theology inHalle; Philosophia Militans by F. Paulsen,Professor of Philosophy in Berlin. A good accountof the Haeckel-Paulsen controversy by TheodorLorenz may be found in Deutsche Literaturzeitung,March 12, 1910, and later. [299]. tl^6k9^C€^^O^f£/JL MAJOR PROPHETSOF TO-DAY BY EDWIN E. SLOSSON, M.S., Ph.D. LITERARY EDITOR OF THE INDEPENDENTASSOCIATE IN THE COLUMBIA SCHOOL OF JOURNALISMAUTHOR OF GREAT AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES, ETC.cu31924029787417 Stock Photo

RM2AJ72WA–Major prophets of to-day . schwachen Seite, byJulius Baumann (Leipzig: Diederich, 1900) ; Anti-Haeckel, by F. Loofs, Professor of Theology inHalle; Philosophia Militans by F. Paulsen,Professor of Philosophy in Berlin. A good accountof the Haeckel-Paulsen controversy by TheodorLorenz may be found in Deutsche Literaturzeitung,March 12, 1910, and later. [299]. tl^6k9^C€^^O^f£/JL MAJOR PROPHETSOF TO-DAY BY EDWIN E. SLOSSON, M.S., Ph.D. LITERARY EDITOR OF THE INDEPENDENTASSOCIATE IN THE COLUMBIA SCHOOL OF JOURNALISMAUTHOR OF GREAT AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES, ETC.cu31924029787417

The practical book of early American arts and crafts . FIREBOARD PAINTED BY EDWARD HICKSCourtesy of Morgan Bunting, Esq., Darby, Pennsylvania. EARLY PORTRAITURE 263 Wissahickon Creek, upon a tract of land within thepresent limits of Philadelphia. The arrival of thesepeculiar people on St. Johns Eve and their kindling ofthe Beltane Fire, with its mystic rites, made a suitableand spectacular introduction for the curious touch oftransplanted medisevalism grafted upon the life of theColony so long as the brotherhood continued to flourish.The head of this extraordinary society, JohannesKelpius, was Stock Photo

RM2AKJCDF–The practical book of early American arts and crafts . FIREBOARD PAINTED BY EDWARD HICKSCourtesy of Morgan Bunting, Esq., Darby, Pennsylvania. EARLY PORTRAITURE 263 Wissahickon Creek, upon a tract of land within thepresent limits of Philadelphia. The arrival of thesepeculiar people on St. Johns Eve and their kindling ofthe Beltane Fire, with its mystic rites, made a suitableand spectacular introduction for the curious touch oftransplanted medisevalism grafted upon the life of theColony so long as the brotherhood continued to flourish.The head of this extraordinary society, JohannesKelpius, was

The practical book of early American arts and crafts . PAINTED LEATHER FIRE BUCKET AND FIRE HATCourtesy of Pennsylvania Historical Society Stock Photo

RM2AKJGJ9–The practical book of early American arts and crafts . PAINTED LEATHER FIRE BUCKET AND FIRE HATCourtesy of Pennsylvania Historical Society

A treatise on highway construction . BI.<||l«W«l|l|li*Ullil»//i™ni(/,)«l« nMmiu«i»i*iiiiiiiwiiiimuOT Fig.87. Stock Photo

RM2AWNNC0–A treatise on highway construction . BI.<||l«W«l|l|li*Ullil»//i™ni(/,)«l« nMmiu«i»i*iiiiiiiwiiiimuOT Fig.87.

The practical book of early American arts and crafts . ch greens, purples, yellows, andbrowns were of frequent occurrence. By the beginningof the nineteenth century the Chinese influence was anegligible quantity and the Mexican maiolists weredeveloping a style in which crudely drawn figures(Fig. 2) appeared. There was also greater chromaticlatitude, and red, black, and other hues, in addition tothose already mentioned, came into popular use. Much 26 EARLY AMERICAN ARTS AND CRAFTS of the more delicate colouring, such as rose and mauve(Fig. 3), were introduced at a later date. Some ofthis fourth Stock Photo

RM2AKM8TK–The practical book of early American arts and crafts . ch greens, purples, yellows, andbrowns were of frequent occurrence. By the beginningof the nineteenth century the Chinese influence was anegligible quantity and the Mexican maiolists weredeveloping a style in which crudely drawn figures(Fig. 2) appeared. There was also greater chromaticlatitude, and red, black, and other hues, in addition tothose already mentioned, came into popular use. Much 26 EARLY AMERICAN ARTS AND CRAFTS of the more delicate colouring, such as rose and mauve(Fig. 3), were introduced at a later date. Some ofthis fourth

Peacham's Compleat gentleman, 1634 . feene) hee lyeth buriedvnder a faire Marble j he was fervant vnto the blackePrince, whom he followed in his warres in France. ThisCoate is thus borne by Sir lohn Ajhfield Knight, foleheire of that Family, now Gentleman of the bed Chamberto Prince Charles. Hee beareth quarterly foureCoates, (wz.) the firft Gules aCheveron, O, betweene threeCocks Argent,beaked,combedand membred Or^ by the nameof Croto: the fecond parted perpale Gules and Ax-ur^ a Lionrampant Argent pelleted, bythe name of Stocket: the thirdGules a Boare paflant Argent,hythenzmeofBoare: thefou Stock Photo

RM2AXK6T1–Peacham's Compleat gentleman, 1634 . feene) hee lyeth buriedvnder a faire Marble j he was fervant vnto the blackePrince, whom he followed in his warres in France. ThisCoate is thus borne by Sir lohn Ajhfield Knight, foleheire of that Family, now Gentleman of the bed Chamberto Prince Charles. Hee beareth quarterly foureCoates, (wz.) the firft Gules aCheveron, O, betweene threeCocks Argent,beaked,combedand membred Or^ by the nameof Croto: the fecond parted perpale Gules and Ax-ur^ a Lionrampant Argent pelleted, bythe name of Stocket: the thirdGules a Boare paflant Argent,hythenzmeofBoare: thefou

Annual catalogue of the officers, students and graduates of the Kansas State Agricultural College, Manhattan ... . c study of the important timber-producing trees grown in thiscountry and a number of foreign species. The. bud, leaf, flower, fruit,and bark, and the forms of the different species of trees, are examinedand studied, so that the student may become so familiar with these treesthat he is enabled to recognize them in their winter and summer condi-tion. The behavior of these many different species of trees under theseveral factors of environment, as wind, heat, cold and different char- Stock Photo

RM2AX7A78–Annual catalogue of the officers, students and graduates of the Kansas State Agricultural College, Manhattan ... . c study of the important timber-producing trees grown in thiscountry and a number of foreign species. The. bud, leaf, flower, fruit,and bark, and the forms of the different species of trees, are examinedand studied, so that the student may become so familiar with these treesthat he is enabled to recognize them in their winter and summer condi-tion. The behavior of these many different species of trees under theseveral factors of environment, as wind, heat, cold and different char-

An American history . lers of the soil. Shipping and fishing were the only industriesof importance. Of manufactures there was scarcely a trace.Travel was infrequent, roads were scarce and poor, and theinns had to make up in hospitality what they lacked in comfortsand conveniences. The lumbering, springless stagecoach, with its Federalists and Republicans 185 stifling leathern curtains for protection against wind and rain,was the only means of transportation for those whose businessprevented them from traveling by water, or whose health or cir-cumstances made impossible the journey by horseback Stock Photo

RM2AWPECE–An American history . lers of the soil. Shipping and fishing were the only industriesof importance. Of manufactures there was scarcely a trace.Travel was infrequent, roads were scarce and poor, and theinns had to make up in hospitality what they lacked in comfortsand conveniences. The lumbering, springless stagecoach, with its Federalists and Republicans 185 stifling leathern curtains for protection against wind and rain,was the only means of transportation for those whose businessprevented them from traveling by water, or whose health or cir-cumstances made impossible the journey by horseback

Chronicles of the White Mountains . e unsafe-ness of the situation of this lone abode, but onerainy afternoon in June Mr. and Mrs. Willey, whensitting by a window which looked out upon themountain which now bears their name, saw, as themist cleared up, a mass of earth begin to move, in-crease in volume and extent, and finally rush intothe valley beneath. This was soon followed by an-other slide of lesser magnitude. Although theseavalanches occurred near the house, they did nodamage to the property, but they served to startlethe occupants greatly, and Mr. Willey at first pur-posed to leave the Stock Photo

RM2AWKNN4–Chronicles of the White Mountains . e unsafe-ness of the situation of this lone abode, but onerainy afternoon in June Mr. and Mrs. Willey, whensitting by a window which looked out upon themountain which now bears their name, saw, as themist cleared up, a mass of earth begin to move, in-crease in volume and extent, and finally rush intothe valley beneath. This was soon followed by an-other slide of lesser magnitude. Although theseavalanches occurred near the house, they did nodamage to the property, but they served to startlethe occupants greatly, and Mr. Willey at first pur-posed to leave the

Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map . SfiiLPTUREii Panel hf Fath Ali Shah, above the Spkixc of Ai.i. Ihe /oklia^tkian Towek of Silence at Kei THE DAKHMAH AT EEI 441 thousand feet. No wonder it looked sullen at its ceaseless taskin crushing beneath its ponderous bulk for ages, as legends tell,the giant monster Zohak, or Azhi Dahaka, lest he escape fromhis chains and tyrannize the world. Only in the eleventh millen-nium will the mountain be relieved from duty, for then thehero Sama Keresaspa will waken from his sleep, slay Zo Stock Photo

RM2AKTXMP–Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map . SfiiLPTUREii Panel hf Fath Ali Shah, above the Spkixc of Ai.i. Ihe /oklia^tkian Towek of Silence at Kei THE DAKHMAH AT EEI 441 thousand feet. No wonder it looked sullen at its ceaseless taskin crushing beneath its ponderous bulk for ages, as legends tell,the giant monster Zohak, or Azhi Dahaka, lest he escape fromhis chains and tyrannize the world. Only in the eleventh millen-nium will the mountain be relieved from duty, for then thehero Sama Keresaspa will waken from his sleep, slay Zo

Bookcentury1900 Black & White Stock Photos

Bookcentury1900 Black & White Stock Photos

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