Forest entomology . re, the student would do well torefer to figs. 41 and 42, together with the explanation as given by1 Rye, British Beetles, p. 41. 42 FOREST ENTOMOLOGY. Fowler. These points should be thoroughly mastered, as the readydiscrimination of species from a systematic point of view will dependupon the same. Family LUCANID.E. Fowler says that the three British genera of the Lucanidae maybe distinguished as follows :— I. Eyes more or less divided ; ligula and maxillae covered by thementum ; antennae geniculate ; posterior femora extendingbeyond margin of elytra.1. Eyes divided for sca
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Forest entomology . re, the student would do well torefer to figs. 41 and 42, together with the explanation as given by1 Rye, British Beetles, p. 41. 42 FOREST ENTOMOLOGY. Fowler. These points should be thoroughly mastered, as the readydiscrimination of species from a systematic point of view will dependupon the same. Family LUCANID.E. Fowler says that the three British genera of the Lucanidae maybe distinguished as follows :— I. Eyes more or less divided ; ligula and maxillae covered by thementum ; antennae geniculate ; posterior femora extendingbeyond margin of elytra.1. Eyes divided for scarcely half their diameter Lucanus, L. 2. Eyes divided for nearly the whole of their diameter Dorcus, MLeay. II. Eyes entire; ligula and maxillae not covered by mentum; antennae straight; posterior femora not extending beyond margin of elytra . . Sinodendron, F. Lucanus cbrvus (Linn.) This large handsome insect, which may be termed the king ofBritish beetles, is chiefly confined to the southern counties. It is of. Fig. 43.—Stag-beetles, a, male: b, female, slightly reduced. a pitchy-black colour, with slightly brownish elytra, and oftenmeasures about two inches in length. The mandibles are very large, COLEOPTERA. •43 more especially in the males. In fact, these peculiar features easily distinguish the insect; and this abnormal development of the male gives rise to its name of stag-beetle, because the mandibles projecting in front of the head resemble the horns of a stag. Darwin says that the size and strength of the mandibles are of great advantage in fighting for the possession of the females. These insects fly during the evening, and rest on the stem, sipping at any juicy portion they can find. Fig. 43 represents the male and female insects. It is in the larval stage that this speciesis most injurious to timber trees, more especi-ally oak and ash (though hornbeam is con-spicuously mentioned by Kaltenbach, x andalder and beech by Altum2). The larva iswhite, with ferruginous