. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. AcTiNOPTERYGiAN Interrelationships • Ijnulcr (ind IJcm 137 OSTARIOPHYSI Siluriformes. 20-27 16-19 OTOPHYSI 11-15 Figure 30. Phylogeny of the ostariophysan fishes (after Finl< and Fink, 1981). Only a few of the many characters used by Fink and Fink (1981) to support this cladogram are presented here. The characters are; 1, loss of dermopalatine; 2, the swinnbladder is divided into a smaller anterior and a larger posterior chamber and the pneumatic duct enters the bladder near the apposition of the two swimbladder ch
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. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. AcTiNOPTERYGiAN Interrelationships • Ijnulcr (ind IJcm 137 OSTARIOPHYSI Siluriformes. 20-27 16-19 OTOPHYSI 11-15 Figure 30. Phylogeny of the ostariophysan fishes (after Finl< and Fink, 1981). Only a few of the many characters used by Fink and Fink (1981) to support this cladogram are presented here. The characters are; 1, loss of dermopalatine; 2, the swinnbladder is divided into a smaller anterior and a larger posterior chamber and the pneumatic duct enters the bladder near the apposition of the two swimbladder chambers; 3, the presence of fright cells and a fright substance (see text); 4, swimbladder (anterior chamber) attached to the two anterior pleural ribs; 5, modification of the anterior cervical vertebrae including loss of the anteriormost supraneural and an enlarged and mobile first pleural rib (see Fink and Fink, 1981); 6, all anterior haemal spines are fused to the centra; 7, great reduction in size of the parietal and interorbital septum; 8, the presence of an epibranchial organ; 9, absence of teeth on ceratobranchial five; 10, extensive joint between the exoccipital and neural arch one; 11, second supraneural is absent; 12, distinctive specialization of several anterior supraneurals which form a joint with the third and fourth vertebrae; 13, presence of a Weberian appa- ratus; 14, caudal skeleton with a uniquely compound terminal centrum consisting of the last two ural centra, the first preural centrum, and the two anterior uroneurals; 15, hypural two fused to the compound centrum; 16, vomer articulates with the mesethmoid anterodorsally; 17, maxilla positioned posterolateral to the mesethmoid and not articulating with it; 18, the scaphium extends far anterior to the first vertebral centrum; 19, Baudelot's ligament attaching to the posterior part of the skull; 20, intercalar lacking; 21, scleral bones absent; 22, supraorbital bone absent; 23, only one pharyngo- branchial t