Beginners' zoology . animals. Why are they repulsive to somepeople? Environment.— Where are frogs found in greatestnumbers? W^hat occurs when danger threatens them?What enemies do they have? What colour, or tint, is mostprominent on a frog? Does the colour mimic or imi-tate its surroundings? W^hat is the colour of the underside of the body? (Fig. 250.) Why is there greatersafety in that colour? What enemies would see water frogsfrom below? Do tree frogs mimic the bark? Theleaves? Can a frog stay tinder water for an indefinite time?Why, or Why not? What part of a frog is above the BATRACHIA 129
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Beginners' zoology . animals. Why are they repulsive to somepeople? Environment.— Where are frogs found in greatestnumbers? W^hat occurs when danger threatens them?What enemies do they have? What colour, or tint, is mostprominent on a frog? Does the colour mimic or imi-tate its surroundings? W^hat is the colour of the underside of the body? (Fig. 250.) Why is there greatersafety in that colour? What enemies would see water frogsfrom below? Do tree frogs mimic the bark? Theleaves? Can a frog stay tinder water for an indefinite time?Why, or Why not? What part of a frog is above the BATRACHIA 129 surface when it floats or swims in a tub of water ? Why?Do frogs croak in the water or on the bank ? Why dothey croak after a rain ? Do toads croak ? Are the eggs laid in still or in flowing Mater? In a clearplace or among sticks and stems ? Singly, or in strings orin masses ? (Fig. 248.) Describe an Q^g. Why do frogsdig into the mud in autumn in cold climates ? Why dothey not dig in mud at the bottom of a pond ?. Fig. 250. — Painted Frog {Choropkilus omatus), oi Mexico. Describe the position of the frog when still (Fig. 250).Of what advantage in this position? Does the frog useits fore legs in swimming or jumping ? Its hind legs ?How is the frog fitted for jumping ? Compare it in thisrespect with a jumping insect; a jumping mammal. Howis it fitted for swimming ? Is the general build of its bodybetter fitted for swimming or for jumping? How far can afrog jump .-* External Features. — The frog may be said to have tworegiojis in its body, the head and the trunk. A neck hardly I30 BEGINNERS ZOOLOGY exists, as there is only one vertebra in front of the shoul-ders (Fig. 252), while mammals have seven neck (cervical)vertebrae. There are no tail (caudal) vertebrae, even in thetadpole state of frogs and toads. The head appears triangular in shape when viewed fromwhat direction} The head of a frog is more pointed thanthe head of a toad. Is the skull a closed case of broadbones or