. A manual of Indian botany. Botany. 150 MORPHOLOGY CHAPTER XXI FRUITS AND SEEDS. We have learnt that seeds are produced from ovules as the result of fertilization. Fertilization also gives an impetus to the growth of the ovary, which then matures and forms what is known as fruit. If fertilization fails, the ovary, as a rule, does not develop into' a fruit, but withers and falls away along with the other parts of the flower. There are, how- ever, some ex- ceptions, met with mostly in cultivated plants, such as Plantain, Orange, Guava, Papaw, &c., in which the ovary , matures into fruit eve
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. A manual of Indian botany. Botany. 150 MORPHOLOGY CHAPTER XXI FRUITS AND SEEDS. We have learnt that seeds are produced from ovules as the result of fertilization. Fertilization also gives an impetus to the growth of the ovary, which then matures and forms what is known as fruit. If fertilization fails, the ovary, as a rule, does not develop into' a fruit, but withers and falls away along with the other parts of the flower. There are, how- ever, some ex- ceptions, met with mostly in cultivated plants, such as Plantain, Orange, Guava, Papaw, &c., in which the ovary , matures into fruit even without previous fertilization. This has been the result of a long process of culti- vation and selection. A fruit may therefore be defined as a mature ovary. In some cases the calyx persists, forming a more or less complete covering of the fruit. Thus in the Labiatce or tulsi family of plants the dry calyx per- sists in the form of an.openxup enclosing the 4-lobed small fruit at its bottom (fig. 129). In other cases, as chalta, sal, sagoon, begoon, tepari {Physalis per- uviana), krishna-kali, punar-naba (see fig. 223, *), Figf. 129, -1-0, 4-lobed ovary, st, Gynobasic style, c. Calyx. Fig. 130. —Ovai'y enclosed within persistent Base of the Perianth Bagrh- anchrha § {Pisonia aculeata). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Bose, G. C. London, Blackie & Son Ltd.