. A Manual of botany : being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants . Botany. ANOMALOUS EXOGENOUS STEMS. G3 considers them as connected witli the formation of leaves, and as depending on a peculiar tendency of the vascular bundles to be de- veloped independently of each other round several centres. In some Bignoniacese (fig. 125), the layers of wood are di- ivided in a crucial manner into four wedge-shaped portions by the intervention of plates differing in texture from the ordinary wood of the plant, and probably formed by introversion, or grow

. A Manual of botany : being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants . Botany. ANOMALOUS EXOGENOUS STEMS. G3 considers them as connected witli the formation of leaves, and as depending on a peculiar tendency of the vascular bundles to be de- veloped independently of each other round several centres. In some Bignoniacese (fig. 125), the layers of wood are di- ivided in a crucial manner into four wedge-shaped portions by the intervention of plates differing in texture from the ordinary wood of the plant, and probably formed by introversion, or grow Stock Photo
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. A Manual of botany : being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants . Botany. ANOMALOUS EXOGENOUS STEMS. G3 considers them as connected witli the formation of leaves, and as depending on a peculiar tendency of the vascular bundles to be de- veloped independently of each other round several centres. In some Bignoniacese (fig. 125), the layers of wood are di- ivided in a crucial manner into four wedge-shaped portions by the intervention of plates differing in texture from the ordinary wood of the plant, and probably formed by introversion, or growing inwards of the liber. In some Guayaquil Bignonias, Gaudichaud perceived first four of these plates, next eight, then sixteen, and finally thirty-two. In Aspidosperma excelsum (Paddle-wood) of Guiana, and in Heteropterys anomala (fig. 126), the stem assumes a peculiar lobed and sinuous aspect; and in some woody climbing plants, pres- sure causes the stems to become flattened on the side next the tree on which they are supported, while from being twisted alternately in different directions, they present a remarkable zigzag form, having the woody layers developed only on one side (fig. 127). In Firs the wood is occasionally produced in an oblique in place of a per- pendicular manner, thus injuring the timber, and causing it to split in an unusual way. The young plants produced from the seed of such twisted-wooded firs are said to inherit the peculiarity of their pa- rents. Occasionally the dicotyledonous stem, be- comes swollen at certain places, especially near the root, and thus exhibits a tuberous appear-. Hg. 128. Fig. 128. Swollen stem of Irisli Tew (Taxus liaooata, va/r. striota).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Balfour, John Hutton, 1808-1884. Edinburgh : A. and C. Black