The dawn of modern geographyA history of exploration and geographical science .. . es of the world, without aword of condemnation for the Catholics of the West andNorth; his quotation, in one place, of the very phrase, Mother of God, on which the whole Nestorian controversyfirst arose ; and his constant use of Catholic divines, pointperhaps to this conclusion. Whether schismatic or no,Cosmas made little of the divisions among Christians com-pared to the gulf which separated them all from the atheistsof pagan science. Lastly, just as the nickname of Indian Traveller wasgained by his commercial
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The dawn of modern geographyA history of exploration and geographical science .. . es of the world, without aword of condemnation for the Catholics of the West andNorth; his quotation, in one place, of the very phrase, Mother of God, on which the whole Nestorian controversyfirst arose ; and his constant use of Catholic divines, pointperhaps to this conclusion. Whether schismatic or no, Cosmas made little of the divisions among Christians com-pared to the gulf which separated them all from the atheistsof pagan science. Lastly, just as the nickname of Indian Traveller wasgained by his commercial journeys of the earlier time, so itis probable that his writings on cosmography in the lateryears of his life have changed his own proper name intoa title. Cosmas is hardly likely to have been his Christianor family name; like Polyhistor, it has been added asa description; but whereas the full name of Solinus has 1 Cf. on these points, pp. 124, 125, 146, 151, 175, 209, 217, 223, 242, 262, 269, 283, 286, etc. of Cosmas (Mont- faucons edit.). But note his use of0€OTOK(!y in bk. v.. THE PLANS OF COSMAS. i. The World and the Firmament. ITo/ace p. 282: VI.] PLACE OF COSMAS IN HISTORY. 283 survived, all of Cosmas has perished, except his designa-tions. The place of Cosmas in history has been sometimes mis-conceived. His work is not, as it has been called (in theearlier years of this century), the chief authority of theMiddle Ages in geography. For, on the whole, its influenceis only slightly, and occasionally, traceable. Its authorstated his position as an article of Christian faith; but evenin those times there was anything but a general agreementwith his positive conclusions. St. Isidore of Seville at theend of the sixth century, and Virgil of Salzburg, the Irishmissionary of the eighth, both maintained the belief ofBasil and Ambrose, that the question of the Antipodeswas not closed by the Church. The subtleties of Cosmaswere left to the Greeks, for the most part; the Westerngeograp