Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/phaeophyscia-ciliata-known-as-ciliate-wreath-lichen-growing-on-aspen-in-finland-image528085303.html
RF2NK4A5B–Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland
Lichen-forming fungi in the order of candelariales Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/lichen-forming-fungi-in-the-order-of-candelariales-image550968192.html
RF2R0ANFC–Lichen-forming fungi in the order of candelariales
The macro closeup of a yellow lichen on a concrete background. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-macro-closeup-of-a-yellow-lichen-on-a-concrete-background-image346974168.html
RM2B4E12G–The macro closeup of a yellow lichen on a concrete background.
Cladonia stellaris cup lichen Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-cladonia-stellaris-cup-lichen-138520318.html
RFJ1A426–Cladonia stellaris cup lichen
Close up of Xanthoria parietina. Yellow lichen on the bark of a tree. common orange lichen, yellow scale, maritime sunburst lichen and shore lichen. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/close-up-of-xanthoria-parietina-yellow-lichen-on-the-bark-of-a-tree-common-orange-lichen-yellow-scale-maritime-sunburst-lichen-and-shore-lichen-image537359829.html
RF2P66RXD–Close up of Xanthoria parietina. Yellow lichen on the bark of a tree. common orange lichen, yellow scale, maritime sunburst lichen and shore lichen.
Pixie cup lichen (Cladonia fimbriata) with spore forming reproductive cups, growing on a mossy log, GWT Lower Woods reserve, Glo Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-pixie-cup-lichen-cladonia-fimbriata-with-spore-forming-reproductive-83294745.html
RMEREB89–Pixie cup lichen (Cladonia fimbriata) with spore forming reproductive cups, growing on a mossy log, GWT Lower Woods reserve, Glo
The 17,000 year old paintings inside the cave of Lascaux are in grave danger. Dark spots appear everywhere in the cave due to the incursion of Lichen: Lascaux has been attacked by a series of molds, fungi and bacteria. Compounds composed of a fungus in symbiotic union with an algae, typically forming a crust like, scaly or branchy growth on rocks or trees. Photo by ABACAPRESS Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-17000-year-old-paintings-inside-the-cave-of-lascaux-are-in-grave-danger-dark-spots-appear-everywhere-in-the-cave-due-to-the-incursion-of-lichen-lascaux-has-been-attacked-by-a-series-of-molds-fungi-and-bacteria-compounds-composed-of-a-fungus-in-symbiotic-union-with-an-algae-typically-forming-a-crust-like-scaly-or-branchy-growth-on-rocks-or-trees-photo-by-abacapress-image401377480.html
RF2E90920–The 17,000 year old paintings inside the cave of Lascaux are in grave danger. Dark spots appear everywhere in the cave due to the incursion of Lichen: Lascaux has been attacked by a series of molds, fungi and bacteria. Compounds composed of a fungus in symbiotic union with an algae, typically forming a crust like, scaly or branchy growth on rocks or trees. Photo by ABACAPRESS
Xanthoria parientina is a very common orange lichen that will grow on many types of substrate. It is more deeply orange in sunlight and paler in shade Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/xanthoria-parientina-is-a-very-common-orange-lichen-that-will-grow-on-many-types-of-substrate-it-is-more-deeply-orange-in-sunlight-and-paler-in-shade-image386018625.html
RM2DC0JKD–Xanthoria parientina is a very common orange lichen that will grow on many types of substrate. It is more deeply orange in sunlight and paler in shade
Weathered boat with peeling paint tied on windswept sandy beach in Tulum Mexico.Biosphere in distance with fluffy clouds forming Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-weathered-boat-with-peeling-paint-tied-on-windswept-sandy-beach-in-31679244.html
RFBRF35G–Weathered boat with peeling paint tied on windswept sandy beach in Tulum Mexico.Biosphere in distance with fluffy clouds forming
White and black lichens on rock, forming various abstract forms. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/white-and-black-lichens-on-rock-forming-various-abstract-forms-image600795283.html
RF2WWCGEB–White and black lichens on rock, forming various abstract forms.
A top view of yellow Xanthoria parietina Maritime sunburst lichen fungi forming a heart-like shape Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-top-view-of-yellow-xanthoria-parietina-maritime-sunburst-lichen-fungi-forming-a-heart-like-shape-image501765360.html
RF2M49ARC–A top view of yellow Xanthoria parietina Maritime sunburst lichen fungi forming a heart-like shape
. The microscope and its revelations. tion. The lichen-forming fungi, in fact, live upon their algalhosts, like the endophytic fungi (such as the blights of corn),which infest the higher forms of vegetation, each of the formerchoosing its own alga, just as the latter mostly attach themselves toparticular victims. The peculiarity in the parasitism of the lichen-fungi lies in the fact that they are not attached to their host externallyat any one particular spot, and do not penetrate into its cells, but 650 FUNGI weave themselves round them, and enclose them in their hyphaltissue. But not only th Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-microscope-and-its-revelations-tion-the-lichen-forming-fungi-in-fact-live-upon-their-algalhosts-like-the-endophytic-fungi-such-as-the-blights-of-cornwhich-infest-the-higher-forms-of-vegetation-each-of-the-formerchoosing-its-own-alga-just-as-the-latter-mostly-attach-themselves-toparticular-victims-the-peculiarity-in-the-parasitism-of-the-lichen-fungi-lies-in-the-fact-that-they-are-not-attached-to-their-host-externallyat-any-one-particular-spot-and-do-not-penetrate-into-its-cells-but-650-fungi-weave-themselves-round-them-and-enclose-them-in-their-hyphaltissue-but-not-only-th-image370786172.html
RM2CF6NF8–. The microscope and its revelations. tion. The lichen-forming fungi, in fact, live upon their algalhosts, like the endophytic fungi (such as the blights of corn),which infest the higher forms of vegetation, each of the formerchoosing its own alga, just as the latter mostly attach themselves toparticular victims. The peculiarity in the parasitism of the lichen-fungi lies in the fact that they are not attached to their host externallyat any one particular spot, and do not penetrate into its cells, but 650 FUNGI weave themselves round them, and enclose them in their hyphaltissue. But not only th
. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. CHAPTER VII.—PHENOMENA OF VEGETATION.—LICHENS. 413 Nostoc-colonies attacked by the Lichen-forming Ascomycete. The hyphae of the Fungus intrade between the cell-rows of the Alga, which are strung together like the beads of a rosary interrupted by heterocysts and imbedded in a firm jelly; they branch in a manner which varies according to the species, and determine the general growth of the compound thallus. In most forms numerous peripheral branches of the hyphae run ve Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-morphology-and-biology-of-the-fungi-mycetozoa-and-bacteria-plant-morphology-fungi-myxomycetes-bacteriology-chapter-viiphenomena-of-vegetationlichens-413-nostoc-colonies-attacked-by-the-lichen-forming-ascomycete-the-hyphae-of-the-fungus-intrade-between-the-cell-rows-of-the-alga-which-are-strung-together-like-the-beads-of-a-rosary-interrupted-by-heterocysts-and-imbedded-in-a-firm-jelly-they-branch-in-a-manner-which-varies-according-to-the-species-and-determine-the-general-growth-of-the-compound-thallus-in-most-forms-numerous-peripheral-branches-of-the-hyphae-run-ve-image216402527.html
RMPG1YHK–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. CHAPTER VII.—PHENOMENA OF VEGETATION.—LICHENS. 413 Nostoc-colonies attacked by the Lichen-forming Ascomycete. The hyphae of the Fungus intrade between the cell-rows of the Alga, which are strung together like the beads of a rosary interrupted by heterocysts and imbedded in a firm jelly; they branch in a manner which varies according to the species, and determine the general growth of the compound thallus. In most forms numerous peripheral branches of the hyphae run ve
Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/phaeophyscia-ciliata-known-as-ciliate-wreath-lichen-growing-on-aspen-in-finland-image538679060.html
RF2P8AXHT–Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland
Close up of Xanthoria parietina. Yellow lichen on the bark of a tree. common orange lichen, yellow scale, maritime sunburst lichen and shore lichen. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/close-up-of-xanthoria-parietina-yellow-lichen-on-the-bark-of-a-tree-common-orange-lichen-yellow-scale-maritime-sunburst-lichen-and-shore-lichen-image569151111.html
RF2T1Y21B–Close up of Xanthoria parietina. Yellow lichen on the bark of a tree. common orange lichen, yellow scale, maritime sunburst lichen and shore lichen.
The 17,000 year old paintings inside the cave of Lascaux are in grave danger. Dark spots appear everywhere in the cave due to the incursion of Lichen: Lascaux has been attacked by a series of molds, fungi and bacteria. Compounds composed of a fungus in symbiotic union with an algae, typically forming a crust like, scaly or branchy growth on rocks or trees. Photo by ABACAPRESS Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-17000-year-old-paintings-inside-the-cave-of-lascaux-are-in-grave-danger-dark-spots-appear-everywhere-in-the-cave-due-to-the-incursion-of-lichen-lascaux-has-been-attacked-by-a-series-of-molds-fungi-and-bacteria-compounds-composed-of-a-fungus-in-symbiotic-union-with-an-algae-typically-forming-a-crust-like-scaly-or-branchy-growth-on-rocks-or-trees-photo-by-abacapress-image401377465.html
RF2E9091D–The 17,000 year old paintings inside the cave of Lascaux are in grave danger. Dark spots appear everywhere in the cave due to the incursion of Lichen: Lascaux has been attacked by a series of molds, fungi and bacteria. Compounds composed of a fungus in symbiotic union with an algae, typically forming a crust like, scaly or branchy growth on rocks or trees. Photo by ABACAPRESS
Xanthoria parientina is a very common orange lichen that will grow on many types of substrate. It is more deeply orange in sunlight and paler in shade Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/xanthoria-parientina-is-a-very-common-orange-lichen-that-will-grow-on-many-types-of-substrate-it-is-more-deeply-orange-in-sunlight-and-paler-in-shade-image386018571.html
RM2DC0JHF–Xanthoria parientina is a very common orange lichen that will grow on many types of substrate. It is more deeply orange in sunlight and paler in shade
White and gray lichens on rock, forming various abstract forms. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/white-and-gray-lichens-on-rock-forming-various-abstract-forms-image600795288.html
RF2WWCGEG–White and gray lichens on rock, forming various abstract forms.
. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. Fig. 2S0. —Coccocarpia molybdia Pers. Transverse section of thallus, or, upper, and ur, under cortical layer, ni, so-called medulla : ^, algal cells:. r, rhizoids C X 6^0). (After Bornet.) they can be adopted as lichen-forming fungi. Propagation is effected by the spores of the fun- gal thallus, and an adaptation exists in certain lichens examined by Stahl for the supply of algs to the new lichen. Algal cells, the offspring of the thallus algse, which have been carried up into the hymenium, are cast out along with the spores, so that, both fallin Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-handbook-of-cryptogamic-botany-cryptogams-fig-2s0-coccocarpia-molybdia-pers-transverse-section-of-thallus-or-upper-and-ur-under-cortical-layer-ni-so-called-medulla-algal-cells-r-rhizoids-c-x-60-after-bornet-they-can-be-adopted-as-lichen-forming-fungi-propagation-is-effected-by-the-spores-of-the-fun-gal-thallus-and-an-adaptation-exists-in-certain-lichens-examined-by-stahl-for-the-supply-of-algs-to-the-new-lichen-algal-cells-the-offspring-of-the-thallus-algse-which-have-been-carried-up-into-the-hymenium-are-cast-out-along-with-the-spores-so-that-both-fallin-image232415943.html
RMRE3CWB–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. Fig. 2S0. —Coccocarpia molybdia Pers. Transverse section of thallus, or, upper, and ur, under cortical layer, ni, so-called medulla : ^, algal cells:. r, rhizoids C X 6^0). (After Bornet.) they can be adopted as lichen-forming fungi. Propagation is effected by the spores of the fun- gal thallus, and an adaptation exists in certain lichens examined by Stahl for the supply of algs to the new lichen. Algal cells, the offspring of the thallus algse, which have been carried up into the hymenium, are cast out along with the spores, so that, both fallin
. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. 240 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. Section LXIX. 3. Spermatia, spermogonia. Organs in every respect ex- tremely like those which are thus named in CoUema, Physma, &c. (page 211) are found in almost all the rest of the Lichen-forming Ascomycetes; the genus Solorina may be mentioned as an exception among those in which this point has been carefully examined. These organs occur also in many species which do not form Lichens both among the Discomycetes a Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-morphology-and-biology-of-the-fungi-mycetozoa-and-bacteria-plant-morphology-fungi-myxomycetes-bacteriology-240-division-iicourse-of-development-of-fungi-section-lxix-3-spermatia-spermogonia-organs-in-every-respect-ex-tremely-like-those-which-are-thus-named-in-couema-physma-ampc-page-211-are-found-in-almost-all-the-rest-of-the-lichen-forming-ascomycetes-the-genus-solorina-may-be-mentioned-as-an-exception-among-those-in-which-this-point-has-been-carefully-examined-these-organs-occur-also-in-many-species-which-do-not-form-lichens-both-among-the-discomycetes-a-image216445094.html
RMPG3WWX–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. 240 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. Section LXIX. 3. Spermatia, spermogonia. Organs in every respect ex- tremely like those which are thus named in CoUema, Physma, &c. (page 211) are found in almost all the rest of the Lichen-forming Ascomycetes; the genus Solorina may be mentioned as an exception among those in which this point has been carefully examined. These organs occur also in many species which do not form Lichens both among the Discomycetes a
Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/phaeophyscia-ciliata-known-as-ciliate-wreath-lichen-growing-on-aspen-in-finland-image527342818.html
RF2NHXF42–Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland
Close up of Xanthoria parietina. Yellow lichen on the bark of a tree. common orange lichen, yellow scale, maritime sunburst lichen and shore lichen. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/close-up-of-xanthoria-parietina-yellow-lichen-on-the-bark-of-a-tree-common-orange-lichen-yellow-scale-maritime-sunburst-lichen-and-shore-lichen-image512595159.html
RF2MNXM9Y–Close up of Xanthoria parietina. Yellow lichen on the bark of a tree. common orange lichen, yellow scale, maritime sunburst lichen and shore lichen.
The 17,000 year old paintings inside the cave of Lascaux are in grave danger. Dark spots appear everywhere in the cave due to the incursion of Lichen: Lascaux has been attacked by a series of molds, fungi and bacteria. Compounds composed of a fungus in symbiotic union with an algae, typically forming a crust like, scaly or branchy growth on rocks or trees. Photo by ABACAPRESS Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-17000-year-old-paintings-inside-the-cave-of-lascaux-are-in-grave-danger-dark-spots-appear-everywhere-in-the-cave-due-to-the-incursion-of-lichen-lascaux-has-been-attacked-by-a-series-of-molds-fungi-and-bacteria-compounds-composed-of-a-fungus-in-symbiotic-union-with-an-algae-typically-forming-a-crust-like-scaly-or-branchy-growth-on-rocks-or-trees-photo-by-abacapress-image401377518.html
RF2E9093A–The 17,000 year old paintings inside the cave of Lascaux are in grave danger. Dark spots appear everywhere in the cave due to the incursion of Lichen: Lascaux has been attacked by a series of molds, fungi and bacteria. Compounds composed of a fungus in symbiotic union with an algae, typically forming a crust like, scaly or branchy growth on rocks or trees. Photo by ABACAPRESS
Xanthoria parientina is a very common orange lichen that will grow on many types of substrate. It is more deeply orange in sunlight and paler in shade Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/xanthoria-parientina-is-a-very-common-orange-lichen-that-will-grow-on-many-types-of-substrate-it-is-more-deeply-orange-in-sunlight-and-paler-in-shade-image386018712.html
RM2DC0JPG–Xanthoria parientina is a very common orange lichen that will grow on many types of substrate. It is more deeply orange in sunlight and paler in shade
. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. FL'XuI Lichen-forming Fungi. These are strictly parasitic fungi which, without the aid of algal hosts, do not develop beyond the earliest stage of germination. Their nutritive inter-relations with their hosts, however, mark them off from â other parasites. Th^ hyphas of the lichen-fungus embrace the algal cells, and the two elements together compose a thallus of definite form. The algal cells form by means of their chlorophyll-contents organic carbon-compounds by which the fungal cells benefit ; but here the resemblance to true parasitism ceases. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-handbook-of-cryptogamic-botany-cryptogams-flxui-lichen-forming-fungi-these-are-strictly-parasitic-fungi-which-without-the-aid-of-algal-hosts-do-not-develop-beyond-the-earliest-stage-of-germination-their-nutritive-inter-relations-with-their-hosts-however-mark-them-off-from-other-parasites-th-hyphas-of-the-lichen-fungus-embrace-the-algal-cells-and-the-two-elements-together-compose-a-thallus-of-definite-form-the-algal-cells-form-by-means-of-their-chlorophyll-contents-organic-carbon-compounds-by-which-the-fungal-cells-benefit-but-here-the-resemblance-to-true-parasitism-ceases-image232415949.html
RMRE3CWH–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. FL'XuI Lichen-forming Fungi. These are strictly parasitic fungi which, without the aid of algal hosts, do not develop beyond the earliest stage of germination. Their nutritive inter-relations with their hosts, however, mark them off from â other parasites. Th^ hyphas of the lichen-fungus embrace the algal cells, and the two elements together compose a thallus of definite form. The algal cells form by means of their chlorophyll-contents organic carbon-compounds by which the fungal cells benefit ; but here the resemblance to true parasitism ceases.
. The elements of botany embracing organography, histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and economic botany ... together with a complete glossary of botanical terms. Botany. THE CELL. 81. 186 the protoplasm iu each cell contracts, that in one cell gradually passes over to the other, and the two masses unite into one, forming a new cell or spore (Fig. 186, sp). A cell-wall is secreted, and the spore, after some length of time, begins to grow, and another plant like the adult form is the result. 104. Free cell-formation is ex- hibited in the production of spores in some Fungi, Lichen Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-elements-of-botany-embracing-organography-histology-vegetable-physiology-systematic-botany-and-economic-botany-together-with-a-complete-glossary-of-botanical-terms-botany-the-cell-81-186-the-protoplasm-iu-each-cell-contracts-that-in-one-cell-gradually-passes-over-to-the-other-and-the-two-masses-unite-into-one-forming-a-new-cell-or-spore-fig-186-sp-a-cell-wall-is-secreted-and-the-spore-after-some-length-of-time-begins-to-grow-and-another-plant-like-the-adult-form-is-the-result-104-free-cell-formation-is-ex-hibited-in-the-production-of-spores-in-some-fungi-lichen-image216447721.html
RMPG417N–. The elements of botany embracing organography, histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and economic botany ... together with a complete glossary of botanical terms. Botany. THE CELL. 81. 186 the protoplasm iu each cell contracts, that in one cell gradually passes over to the other, and the two masses unite into one, forming a new cell or spore (Fig. 186, sp). A cell-wall is secreted, and the spore, after some length of time, begins to grow, and another plant like the adult form is the result. 104. Free cell-formation is ex- hibited in the production of spores in some Fungi, Lichen
Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/phaeophyscia-ciliata-known-as-ciliate-wreath-lichen-growing-on-aspen-in-finland-image528085406.html
RF2NK4A92–Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland
The Sunburst Fungus or Orange Lichen is a common lichen of trees and rocks. As they mature the lobes develop into spore bearing structures Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-sunburst-fungus-or-orange-lichen-is-a-common-lichen-of-trees-and-rocks-as-they-mature-the-lobes-develop-into-spore-bearing-structures-image385003776.html
RM2DAAC6T–The Sunburst Fungus or Orange Lichen is a common lichen of trees and rocks. As they mature the lobes develop into spore bearing structures
Old graveyards are excellent places to find well established lichens. Egg-yolk Lichen is particularly common on graves and headstones Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/old-graveyards-are-excellent-places-to-find-well-established-lichens-egg-yolk-lichen-is-particularly-common-on-graves-and-headstones-image385192423.html
RM2DAK0T7–Old graveyards are excellent places to find well established lichens. Egg-yolk Lichen is particularly common on graves and headstones
The common yellow lichen, Candelariella vitelline, grows on many surface types ranging from wood to rock and masonry. Ranging from a yellow to orange Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-common-yellow-lichen-candelariella-vitelline-grows-on-many-surface-types-ranging-from-wood-to-rock-and-masonry-ranging-from-a-yellow-to-orange-image385317480.html
RM2DATMAG–The common yellow lichen, Candelariella vitelline, grows on many surface types ranging from wood to rock and masonry. Ranging from a yellow to orange
. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. FUNGI 319 By far the greater number of lichen-forming fungi are Discomycetes or Pyrenomycetes. A few.small tropical genera, Cora (Fr.), Rhipidonema (Mattir.), Dictyonema (Mont), and Laudatea (Johow.), are Basidiomyce- tous, and two other tropical forms, Emericella (Berk.) and Trichocoma (Jungh.), have recently Seen declared by Massee (Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond., vol. 178, p. 305) to be Gasteromycetous Lichens. The two last-named cases are by no g means satisfactorily established, and much more 7 and better evidence must be forthcoming before. P Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-handbook-of-cryptogamic-botany-cryptogams-fungi-319-by-far-the-greater-number-of-lichen-forming-fungi-are-discomycetes-or-pyrenomycetes-a-fewsmall-tropical-genera-cora-fr-rhipidonema-mattir-dictyonema-mont-and-laudatea-johow-are-basidiomyce-tous-and-two-other-tropical-forms-emericella-berk-and-trichocoma-jungh-have-recently-seen-declared-by-massee-phil-trans-roy-soc-lond-vol-178-p-305-to-be-gasteromycetous-lichens-the-two-last-named-cases-are-by-no-g-means-satisfactorily-established-and-much-more-7-and-better-evidence-must-be-forthcoming-before-p-image232415946.html
RMRE3CWE–. A handbook of cryptogamic botany. Cryptogams. FUNGI 319 By far the greater number of lichen-forming fungi are Discomycetes or Pyrenomycetes. A few.small tropical genera, Cora (Fr.), Rhipidonema (Mattir.), Dictyonema (Mont), and Laudatea (Johow.), are Basidiomyce- tous, and two other tropical forms, Emericella (Berk.) and Trichocoma (Jungh.), have recently Seen declared by Massee (Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond., vol. 178, p. 305) to be Gasteromycetous Lichens. The two last-named cases are by no g means satisfactorily established, and much more 7 and better evidence must be forthcoming before. P
The common yellow lichen, Candelariella vitelline, grows on many surface types ranging from wood to rock and masonry. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-common-yellow-lichen-candelariella-vitelline-grows-on-many-surface-types-ranging-from-wood-to-rock-and-masonry-image385192406.html
RM2DAK0RJ–The common yellow lichen, Candelariella vitelline, grows on many surface types ranging from wood to rock and masonry.
Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/phaeophyscia-ciliata-known-as-ciliate-wreath-lichen-growing-on-aspen-in-finland-image527342606.html
RF2NHXETE–Phaeophyscia ciliata, known as Ciliate Wreath Lichen, growing on aspen in Finland
Xanthoparmelia pulla, a rock-shield lichen growing on seashore rocks in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/xanthoparmelia-pulla-a-rock-shield-lichen-growing-on-seashore-rocks-in-finland-image538678511.html
RF2P8AWX7–Xanthoparmelia pulla, a rock-shield lichen growing on seashore rocks in Finland
Xanthoparmelia pulla, a rock-shield lichen growing on seashore rocks in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/xanthoparmelia-pulla-a-rock-shield-lichen-growing-on-seashore-rocks-in-finland-image360521718.html
RF2BXF53J–Xanthoparmelia pulla, a rock-shield lichen growing on seashore rocks in Finland
. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 233 regarding them as constituting an independent division, and by others they are looked upon as fungi. The fact that the fungus forms the bulk of the lichen and lives upon the alga somewhat after the manner of a parasite and is usually alone capable of forming reproductive spore bodies would lead to the latter. I fit. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the origina Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/nature-and-development-of-plants-botany-development-of-plants-233-regarding-them-as-constituting-an-independent-division-and-by-others-they-are-looked-upon-as-fungi-the-fact-that-the-fungus-forms-the-bulk-of-the-lichen-and-lives-upon-the-alga-somewhat-after-the-manner-of-a-parasite-and-is-usually-alone-capable-of-forming-reproductive-spore-bodies-would-lead-to-the-latter-i-fit-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-origina-image232286722.html
RMRDWG2A–. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 233 regarding them as constituting an independent division, and by others they are looked upon as fungi. The fact that the fungus forms the bulk of the lichen and lives upon the alga somewhat after the manner of a parasite and is usually alone capable of forming reproductive spore bodies would lead to the latter. I fit. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the origina
The common yellow lichen, Candelariella vitelline, grows on many surface types ranging from wood to rock and masonry. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-common-yellow-lichen-candelariella-vitelline-grows-on-many-surface-types-ranging-from-wood-to-rock-and-masonry-image385192430.html
RM2DAK0TE–The common yellow lichen, Candelariella vitelline, grows on many surface types ranging from wood to rock and masonry.
A common and widespread yellow lichen, Candelariella vitellina, grows on bark as well as rock surfaces particularly on surfaces enriched Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-common-and-widespread-yellow-lichen-candelariella-vitellina-grows-on-bark-as-well-as-rock-surfaces-particularly-on-surfaces-enriched-image385461800.html
RM2DB38CT–A common and widespread yellow lichen, Candelariella vitellina, grows on bark as well as rock surfaces particularly on surfaces enriched
Lichens are a complex mutualistc relationship between fungi and algae. They are often confused with mosses, which they often grow in close association Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/lichens-are-a-complex-mutualistc-relationship-between-fungi-and-algae-they-are-often-confused-with-mosses-which-they-often-grow-in-close-association-image576037128.html
RM2TD4N6G–Lichens are a complex mutualistc relationship between fungi and algae. They are often confused with mosses, which they often grow in close association
Xanthoparmelia pulla, a rock-shield lichen growing on seashore rocks in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/xanthoparmelia-pulla-a-rock-shield-lichen-growing-on-seashore-rocks-in-finland-image360521730.html
RF2BXF542–Xanthoparmelia pulla, a rock-shield lichen growing on seashore rocks in Finland
Xanthoparmelia pulla, a rock-shield lichen growing on seashore rocks in Finland Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/xanthoparmelia-pulla-a-rock-shield-lichen-growing-on-seashore-rocks-in-finland-image455352730.html
RF2HCR31E–Xanthoparmelia pulla, a rock-shield lichen growing on seashore rocks in Finland
. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. CHAPTER VII.—PHENOMENA OF VEGETATION.—LICHENS. 413 Nostoc-colonies attacked by the Lichen-forming Ascomycete. The hyphae of the Fungus intrade between the cell-rows of the Alga, which are strung together like the beads of a rosary interrupted by heterocysts and imbedded in a firm jelly; they branch in a manner which varies according to the species, and determine the general growth of the compound thallus. In most forms numerous peripheral branches of the hyphae run ve Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-morphology-and-biology-of-the-fungi-mycetozoa-and-bacteria-plant-morphology-fungi-myxomycetes-bacteriology-chapter-viiphenomena-of-vegetationlichens-413-nostoc-colonies-attacked-by-the-lichen-forming-ascomycete-the-hyphae-of-the-fungus-intrade-between-the-cell-rows-of-the-alga-which-are-strung-together-like-the-beads-of-a-rosary-interrupted-by-heterocysts-and-imbedded-in-a-firm-jelly-they-branch-in-a-manner-which-varies-according-to-the-species-and-determine-the-general-growth-of-the-compound-thallus-in-most-forms-numerous-peripheral-branches-of-the-hyphae-run-ve-image232000282.html
RMRDCEMA–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. CHAPTER VII.—PHENOMENA OF VEGETATION.—LICHENS. 413 Nostoc-colonies attacked by the Lichen-forming Ascomycete. The hyphae of the Fungus intrade between the cell-rows of the Alga, which are strung together like the beads of a rosary interrupted by heterocysts and imbedded in a firm jelly; they branch in a manner which varies according to the species, and determine the general growth of the compound thallus. In most forms numerous peripheral branches of the hyphae run ve
Lichens are a complex mutualistc relationship between fungi and algae. They are often confused with mosses, which they often grow in close association Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/lichens-are-a-complex-mutualistc-relationship-between-fungi-and-algae-they-are-often-confused-with-mosses-which-they-often-grow-in-close-association-image576037825.html
RM2TD4P3D–Lichens are a complex mutualistc relationship between fungi and algae. They are often confused with mosses, which they often grow in close association
. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAPTER VII.—PHENOMENA OF VEGETATION.—LICHENS. 413 *iaa. 8.,-ootf ,^-0po<A* Nostoc-colonies attacked by the Lichen-forming Ascomycete. The hyphae of the Fungus intrude between the cell-rows of the Alga, which are strung together like the beads of a rosary interrupted by heterocysts and imbedded in a firm jelly; they branch in a manner which varies according to the species, and determine the general growth of the compound thallus. In most forms numerous peripheral branches Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-morphology-and-biology-of-the-fungi-mycetozoa-and-bacteria-fungi-morphology-bacteria-morphology-chapter-viiphenomena-of-vegetationlichens-413-iaa-8-ootf-0polta-nostoc-colonies-attacked-by-the-lichen-forming-ascomycete-the-hyphae-of-the-fungus-intrude-between-the-cell-rows-of-the-alga-which-are-strung-together-like-the-beads-of-a-rosary-interrupted-by-heterocysts-and-imbedded-in-a-firm-jelly-they-branch-in-a-manner-which-varies-according-to-the-species-and-determine-the-general-growth-of-the-compound-thallus-in-most-forms-numerous-peripheral-branches-image232677409.html
RMREFABD–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAPTER VII.—PHENOMENA OF VEGETATION.—LICHENS. 413 *iaa. 8.,-ootf ,^-0po<A* Nostoc-colonies attacked by the Lichen-forming Ascomycete. The hyphae of the Fungus intrude between the cell-rows of the Alga, which are strung together like the beads of a rosary interrupted by heterocysts and imbedded in a firm jelly; they branch in a manner which varies according to the species, and determine the general growth of the compound thallus. In most forms numerous peripheral branches
Lichens are a complex mutualistc relationship between fungi and algae. They are often confused with mosses, which they often grow in close association Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/lichens-are-a-complex-mutualistc-relationship-between-fungi-and-algae-they-are-often-confused-with-mosses-which-they-often-grow-in-close-association-image576037497.html
RM2TD4NKN–Lichens are a complex mutualistc relationship between fungi and algae. They are often confused with mosses, which they often grow in close association
Lichens are a mutualistic relationship between algae and fungi. They were the first lifeforms to invade dry land and are capable of surviving extremes Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/lichens-are-a-mutualistic-relationship-between-algae-and-fungi-they-were-the-first-lifeforms-to-invade-dry-land-and-are-capable-of-surviving-extremes-image568317168.html
RM2T0H29M–Lichens are a mutualistic relationship between algae and fungi. They were the first lifeforms to invade dry land and are capable of surviving extremes
. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. 240 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. Section LXIX. 3. Spermatia, spermogonia. Organs in every respect ex- tremely like those which are thus named in Collema, Physrna, &c. (page 211) are found in almost all the rest of the Lichen-forming Ascomycctes ; the genus Solorina may be mentioned as an exception among those in which this point has been carefully examined. These organs occur also in many species which do not form Lichens both among the Discomycetes and es Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-morphology-and-biology-of-the-fungi-mycetozoa-and-bacteria-fungi-morphology-bacteria-morphology-240-division-iicourse-of-development-of-fungi-section-lxix-3-spermatia-spermogonia-organs-in-every-respect-ex-tremely-like-those-which-are-thus-named-in-collema-physrna-ampc-page-211-are-found-in-almost-all-the-rest-of-the-lichen-forming-ascomycctes-the-genus-solorina-may-be-mentioned-as-an-exception-among-those-in-which-this-point-has-been-carefully-examined-these-organs-occur-also-in-many-species-which-do-not-form-lichens-both-among-the-discomycetes-and-es-image232651429.html
RMREE57H–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. 240 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. Section LXIX. 3. Spermatia, spermogonia. Organs in every respect ex- tremely like those which are thus named in Collema, Physrna, &c. (page 211) are found in almost all the rest of the Lichen-forming Ascomycctes ; the genus Solorina may be mentioned as an exception among those in which this point has been carefully examined. These organs occur also in many species which do not form Lichens both among the Discomycetes and es
. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. 240 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. Section LXIX. 3. Spermatia, spermogonia. Organs in every respect ex- tremely like those which are thus named in CoUema, Physma, &c. (page 211) are found in almost all the rest of the Lichen-forming Ascomycetes; the genus Solorina may be mentioned as an exception among those in which this point has been carefully examined. These organs occur also in many species which do not form Lichens both among the Discomycetes a Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-morphology-and-biology-of-the-fungi-mycetozoa-and-bacteria-plant-morphology-fungi-myxomycetes-bacteriology-240-division-iicourse-of-development-of-fungi-section-lxix-3-spermatia-spermogonia-organs-in-every-respect-ex-tremely-like-those-which-are-thus-named-in-couema-physma-ampc-page-211-are-found-in-almost-all-the-rest-of-the-lichen-forming-ascomycetes-the-genus-solorina-may-be-mentioned-as-an-exception-among-those-in-which-this-point-has-been-carefully-examined-these-organs-occur-also-in-many-species-which-do-not-form-lichens-both-among-the-discomycetes-a-image232007497.html
RMRDCRX1–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. 240 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. Section LXIX. 3. Spermatia, spermogonia. Organs in every respect ex- tremely like those which are thus named in CoUema, Physma, &c. (page 211) are found in almost all the rest of the Lichen-forming Ascomycetes; the genus Solorina may be mentioned as an exception among those in which this point has been carefully examined. These organs occur also in many species which do not form Lichens both among the Discomycetes a
. Plants and their uses; an introduction to botany. Botany; Botany, Economic. THE THALLOPHYTE DIVISION 509 much economic importance. They ma}' be defined as algo- fungal air-plants. Although made up of plants which belong to chfferent classes of AlgiB and Fungi, which therefore on theoretical grounds might require to be assigned each to its own class, lichens are in practice more conveniently treated as compound organisms forming an artificial group by them- selves.. Fig. 337.—Mushroom-lichen (Cora pavona, Mushroom-lichen Family, Coraccw). A, top view of fruit-t^ody, natural size. B, under sid Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/plants-and-their-uses-an-introduction-to-botany-botany-botany-economic-the-thallophyte-division-509-much-economic-importance-they-ma-be-defined-as-algo-fungal-air-plants-although-made-up-of-plants-which-belong-to-chfferent-classes-of-algib-and-fungi-which-therefore-on-theoretical-grounds-might-require-to-be-assigned-each-to-its-own-class-lichens-are-in-practice-more-conveniently-treated-as-compound-organisms-forming-an-artificial-group-by-them-selves-fig-337mushroom-lichen-cora-pavona-mushroom-lichen-family-coraccw-a-top-view-of-fruit-tody-natural-size-b-under-sid-image232359132.html
RMRE0TCC–. Plants and their uses; an introduction to botany. Botany; Botany, Economic. THE THALLOPHYTE DIVISION 509 much economic importance. They ma}' be defined as algo- fungal air-plants. Although made up of plants which belong to chfferent classes of AlgiB and Fungi, which therefore on theoretical grounds might require to be assigned each to its own class, lichens are in practice more conveniently treated as compound organisms forming an artificial group by them- selves.. Fig. 337.—Mushroom-lichen (Cora pavona, Mushroom-lichen Family, Coraccw). A, top view of fruit-t^ody, natural size. B, under sid
. British fungi. Fungi -- Great Britain; Botany -- Great Britain; Lichens. LICHENS 517 of the plants belonging to this group. They can resist without injury greater extremes of heat and cold than any other known plants, and also possess great power of adaptability. They are of very slow growth, and appear in many instances to live for a very long period of time, more especially those species forming crusts on rocks.. Lecidca subuiitdoiiata, a lichen growing on rocks in Alpine districts In the cold regions of the north lichens frequently serve as an important source of food to animals, as in th Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/british-fungi-fungi-great-britain-botany-great-britain-lichens-lichens-517-of-the-plants-belonging-to-this-group-they-can-resist-without-injury-greater-extremes-of-heat-and-cold-than-any-other-known-plants-and-also-possess-great-power-of-adaptability-they-are-of-very-slow-growth-and-appear-in-many-instances-to-live-for-a-very-long-period-of-time-more-especially-those-species-forming-crusts-on-rocks-lecidca-subuiitdoiiata-a-lichen-growing-on-rocks-in-alpine-districts-in-the-cold-regions-of-the-north-lichens-frequently-serve-as-an-important-source-of-food-to-animals-as-in-th-image234252725.html
RMRH33MN–. British fungi. Fungi -- Great Britain; Botany -- Great Britain; Lichens. LICHENS 517 of the plants belonging to this group. They can resist without injury greater extremes of heat and cold than any other known plants, and also possess great power of adaptability. They are of very slow growth, and appear in many instances to live for a very long period of time, more especially those species forming crusts on rocks.. Lecidca subuiitdoiiata, a lichen growing on rocks in Alpine districts In the cold regions of the north lichens frequently serve as an important source of food to animals, as in th
. The elements of botany embracing organography, histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and economic botany ... together with a complete glossary of botanical terms. Botany. THE CELL. 81. 186 the protoplasm iu each cell contracts, that in one cell gradually passes over to the other, and the two masses unite into one, forming a new cell or spore (Fig. 186, sp). A cell-wall is secreted, and the spore, after some length of time, begins to grow, and another plant like the adult form is the result. 104. Free cell-formation is ex- hibited in the production of spores in some Fungi, Lichen Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-elements-of-botany-embracing-organography-histology-vegetable-physiology-systematic-botany-and-economic-botany-together-with-a-complete-glossary-of-botanical-terms-botany-the-cell-81-186-the-protoplasm-iu-each-cell-contracts-that-in-one-cell-gradually-passes-over-to-the-other-and-the-two-masses-unite-into-one-forming-a-new-cell-or-spore-fig-186-sp-a-cell-wall-is-secreted-and-the-spore-after-some-length-of-time-begins-to-grow-and-another-plant-like-the-adult-form-is-the-result-104-free-cell-formation-is-ex-hibited-in-the-production-of-spores-in-some-fungi-lichen-image232133758.html
RMRDJGYA–. The elements of botany embracing organography, histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and economic botany ... together with a complete glossary of botanical terms. Botany. THE CELL. 81. 186 the protoplasm iu each cell contracts, that in one cell gradually passes over to the other, and the two masses unite into one, forming a new cell or spore (Fig. 186, sp). A cell-wall is secreted, and the spore, after some length of time, begins to grow, and another plant like the adult form is the result. 104. Free cell-formation is ex- hibited in the production of spores in some Fungi, Lichen
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