RMRB6476–Claudio Coello (1642-1693)portrait of queen Mariana of Austria. (Maria Anna; 24 December 1634 - 16 May 1696) was Queen consort of Spain as the second wife of King Philip IV, who was also her maternal uncle. At the death of her husband in 1665, Queen Mariana became regent for her son Charles II, the last Spanish Habsburg, and she remained an influential figure during his reign.
RMMFNNN7–Spanish tyranny in Nertherlands. Portraits are Margaret of Parma, Spanish Regent in Netherlands (1559-67), Philip II of Spain, and Antoine Granvell, Spanish diplomat and prelate. Main picture, execution of Huguenots. Man in foreground being treated 'mercifully' by being garotted before flames reach him. Copperplate engraving
RMP68XR0–John of Austria (1547 – 1578),Governor General; The Netherlands. known as Don John of Austria. He became a military leader in the service of his half-brother; Philip of Spain and is best known for his naval victory at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571 against the Ottoman Empire.
RMP68XR2–Lamoral; Count of Egmont; Prince of Gavere (November 18; 1522 – June 5; 1568). General and statesman in the Habsburg Netherlands. His execution helped spark the national uprising that eventually led to the independence of the Netherlands.
RMP68XR1–Fernando Álvarez (1507 – 1582); known as the Grand Duke of Alba in Spain and the Iron Duke in the Netherlands. Governor of the Spanish Netherlands 1567-1573
RMTXGR8M–Decapitation of Count Egmont and Hoorn (1568) at Brussels during Spanish tyranny in Netherlands. Duke of Alva, mounted centre right, enforced brutal Spanish (Roman Catholic) rule in Protestant Netherlands 1567-73. Lamoral, Count of Egmont (1522-68), Flemish soldier and statesman is the subject of the Beethoven 'Egmont' overture.
RMTXGR8W–Spanish troops torching buildings and massacring civilians during Alva's repressive Spanish Roman Catholic rule in the Protestant Netherlands (1567-73). Copperplate engraving
RMTXGRAG–Protestants in the Netherlands being executed for heresy during Duke of Alva's repressive rule (1567-73) Copperplate engraving.
RMRB65AJ–Karl I Emperor of Austria; King of Hungary (reigned 1916-1918) Born 17 August 1887 (Lower Austria)Died 1 April 1922 Funchal (Madeira/Portugal). Karl became the heir to the throne after the death of his uncle Franz Ferdinand in 1914, and emperor following the death of Franz Joseph I in the middle of the First World War. In 1918 he was forced to renounce participation in the affairs of state of Austria and Hungary, but refused to abdicate. Karl emigrated with his family to Switzerland. In 1921 he made two vain attempts to restore the monarchy in Hungary.
RM2A5YM23–Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (German: Franz Joseph I. 1830 â€ì 1916. Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary from 1848 until his death in 1916
RM2A5YM1F–Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (German: Franz Joseph I. 1830 â€ì 1916. Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary from 1848 until his death in 1916
RMTXGGNY–The Recapture of the Citadel of Ofen by the Christians in 1686.
RMHTMGWJ–Ferdinand I (1503-1564) Holy Roman Emperor from 1558. Younger brother of Emperor Charles V; an admirer of Erasmus whose principles he tried to emulate. From a copperplate engraving by Bartholemeo Beham, 1513. He is wearing the Order of the Golden Fleece.
RMHTMJ3W–Philip II (1527-98) King of Spain (1556). Son of Emperor Charles V (1500-1558), husband of Mary I (1518-1558) queen of England from 1553. Copperplate engraving of 1735 by English printmaker George Vertue (1684-1756) after portrait by Titian (c1488-1576)
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