RM2B00NTR–Algeria/Netherlands: 'Bombardment of Algiers, in Support of the Ultimatum to Release White Slaves, 26-27 August 1816'. Oil on canvas painting by Martinus Schouman (1770-1848), 1823. The Bombardment of Algiers (27 August 1816) was an attempt by Britain to end the slavery practices of the Dey of Algiers. An Anglo-Dutch fleet under the command of Admiral Lord Exmouth bombarded ships and the harbour defences of Algiers. It was partially successful as the Dey of Algiers freed around 3,000 slaves following the bombardment and signed a treaty against the slavery of Europeans.
RM2B00N8K–China: 'Guangzhou Factories'. Oil on canvas painting by William Daniell (1769-1837), c. 1805-1806. Factory was the English term for the trading posts system originally established by Europeans in foreign territories, first within different states of medieval Europe, and later in their colonial possessions. Factories served simultaneously as market, warehouse, customs, defense and support to the navigation or exploration, headquarters or de facto government of local communities, with the head of the factory being called a factor.
RM2B014WA–Africa: European slave traders attack and capture victims in Africa. Engraving, c. 17th century. The Spanish were the first Europeans to transport African slaves to the New World on islands such as Cuba and Hispaniola (now the Dominican Republic and Haiti). They were soon followed by the Portuguese, France, Britain and the Netherlands. The alarming death rate in the native population spurred the first royal laws protecting them (Laws of Burgos, 1512–1513). The first African slaves arrived in Hispaniola in 1501 soon after the Papal Bull of 1493 gave all of the New World to Spain.
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