RMPKHGJK–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RFWATECH–Male Stag beetle, Lucanus cervus, a beetle with enlarged mandibles, looking like the horns of a stag
RMFR9W7B–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) close up portrait of male showing enlarged mandibles
RM2M9EB2D–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus), male with antler-like enlarged mandibles, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe, Thuringia, Germany
RMRYG0B6–Termite workers (Reticulitermes sp.) and soldier on damaged timber with debris and frass
RF2GMNP61–Lesser Stag Beetle, Dorcus parallelipipedus, black beetle prowling on leaves. Wield, Hampshire, UK
RM2A91DNT–A massive beetle with well developed and enlarged mandibles that can deliver a powerful bite. The huge larvae of the Giant Longhorn bore into marula a
RMC42YD6–Male Stag Beetle, Lucanus cervus, in a London garden. Britains largest beetle.
RM2AJ3GB0–Guide to the study of insects, and a treatise on those injurious and beneficial to crops: for the use of colleges, farm-schools, and agriculturists . Fig. :U7. where the enlarged terminal joints give a rounded club-shapedtermination ; lamellate, when the terminal joints are prolonged. Fig. .548. internally, forming broad leaf-like expansions, as in the Sre crushed by the mandibles. The body of the maxilla con-sists of the cardo; a second joint, stipes, to which last areattached two lobes and
RMRYT6D1–Elementary textbook of economic zoology Elementary textbook of economic zoology and entomology . elementarytextbo00kell Year: [c1915] 160 ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY wings, wingless workers, and wingless soldiers. The soldiers have greatly enlarged mandibles which are used in fighting enemies. The workers are smaller than soldiers or kings and queens, but exist in larger numbers and get the food and build the nest for the whole community. After a marriage flight the queens find hiding places in the ground, break off their wings, and each lays a few eggs from which begins a new community.
RMPFXA72–. The illustrated Australasian bee manual and complete guide to modern bee culture in the southern hemisphere. With this is incorporated the "New Zealand bee manual" greatly enlarged, revised and mostly rewritten. Bees. BEE MANUAL. 71 to hour. This includes the pupa or nymph period, and lasts altogether thirteen days for workers and fourteen and a half for drones; and at length, on the twenty-second day from the laying of the egg in the former, or on the twenty-fifth day in the latter case, the fully formed bee cuts through the capping of the cell with its mandibles, and emerges comp
RMMA7157–. Elementary entomology . * FlG- 2I2- species are commonly called white (Slightly enlarged) grubs, tor although they vary greatly (After J. 15. Smith) . ' in size and structure, they all have the same general appearance of the white grub, with its large yellow or brown head with strong mandibles, long legs, thick, whitish •I'^'^^-V -""-^t.• '''•: '• •" ":'».'i'r'-•-•.- ^Ml/JM^
RMPKHGJ7–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RM2M9EB1P–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus), male with antler-like enlarged mandibles, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe, Thuringia, Germany
RF2E4JKB8–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) three males with antler-like enlarged mandibles and one female, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe
RMC42YCN–Male Stag Beetle, Lucanus cervus, in a London garden rearing up towards the closeup camera lens. Britains largest beetle.
RM2AJ4AK8–Guide to the study of insects, and a treatise on those injurious and beneficial to crops: for the use of colleges, farm-schools, and agriculturists . thorax andhead. Dr. Fitch states that /. inserens is supposed by Kirby toinsert its eggs into those of the Wheat-midge. In the genusGalesus of Curtis, the mandibles are so enlarged and length-ened as to form a long beak, and Westwood farther states thatin some specimens the anterior wings have a notch at the ex-tremity. Says genus Coptera has similar wings. C. politaSay was discovered in Indiana. In the very minute species of Mymar and its allies
RMRX8944–Economic entomology for the farmer Economic entomology for the farmer and the fruit grower, and for use as a text-book in agricultural schools and colleges; economicentomol00smit Year: 1906 THE IXSF.CT WORLD. 197 Fig. 1S5. popular interest. They differ from the Scarabcrida; in that the leaves of the club are separated and cannot be made to form a solid club or mass. Our most common ' staj^-lK'etle' is the Lucanus dama, in which the mandibles of the male are much enlarged and sickle- shaped ; whence the common term ' pinching-bug.' It occurs throughout the Mitldle and Central States, becoming
RMPG0JYW–. Zoology : for students and general readers . Zoology. Fig. 351.—A, larva ; c, its respiratory tube. B, pupa ; d, respiratory tube, a, two paddles at the end of the body.. 352.—Head of Mosquito enlarged, n, antefmoB ; m, mandibles ; mx, maxilla ; mp, maxillary palpi; Ig, labium.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Packard, A. S. (Alpheus Spring), 1839-1905. New York : Henry Holt
RMMAACTA–. Economic entomology . Raphignathus ruberrinius. Copied from Dugds. Raphignathus ruber. Copied from Koch's Ubersicht. Raphignathus ruber (A'^f/;, Ubers). Described by Koch first under the name of Caligonus ruber. Genus Megamerus {Duges). A genus, established by Duges, of which the more important characters are, that the palpi are long, the mandibles provided with nippers, and the hind thighs enlarged. The Megameri live in nume- rous families, running swiftly and occasionally leaping, which their large hind thighs enable th'em to do- and they appear to spin a
RMPKHGM4–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RF2E4JKBW–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) two males with antler-like enlarged mandibles and one female, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe, Thuringia
RM2M9EB2K–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus), two males with antler-like enlarged mandibles and one female, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe, Thuringia
RMC42YCY–Male Stag Beetle, Lucanus cervus, in a London garden. Britains largest beetle.
RM2M9EB1X–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus), two males with antler-like enlarged mandibles in a comment fight, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe
RM2AXHC0X–Guide to the study of insects and a treatise on those injurious and beneficial to crops, for the use of colleges, farm-schools, and agriculturists . horax andhead. Dr. Fitch states that /. inserens is supposed by Kirby toinsert its eggs into those of the Wheat-midge. In the genusGalesus of Curtis, the mandibles are so enlarged and length-ened as to form a long beak, and Westwood farther states thatin some specimens the anterior wings have a notch at the ex-tremity. Sa3s genus Coptera has similar wings. C. ptolitaSay was discovered in Indiana. In the very minute species of My mar and its allies
RMPG0A7H–. Animal activities; a first book in zoo?logy. Zoology; Animal behavior. 94 y4NIMAL ACTIVITIES. Under the abdomen near the cephalothorax find two openings to the air-sacs or rudimentary lungs. Summary of Drawings, {a) A spider seen from above X 3- (3) A front view of the mandibles X 5- (<:) A view of the top of the head showing the ocelli. {d) A hind foot much enlarged. The Spider's Activities. We have already con- sidered the activities of the grasshopper, classifying these under six heads. We have spoken of these six kinds of activities as the six functions of living things. In the spider
RMT02H25–Economic entomology for the farmer and the fruit grower, and for use as a text-book in agricultural schools and colleges; . economicentomolo00smit Year: 1906 THE INSECT WORLD. 197 popular interest. They differ from the Scarabccidcc in that the leaves of the club are separated and cannot be made to form a solid club or mass. Our most common ' staj4-l)cetle' is the Luccvnis daiiia, in which the mandibles of the male are much enlarged and sickle- shaped ; whence the common term ' pinching-bug.' It occurs throughout the Middle and Central States, becoming more rare to the North and losing interes
RMPKHGKX–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RM2M9EB2H–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus), two males with antler-like enlarged mandibles in a comment fight, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe
RM2AG5WBY–. Quarterly journal of microscopical science. the second pair ofpost-oral appendages ; C, one of the first post-oral pair of appendagesor mandibles; cl cP, tiic greatly enlarged claws. (Compare A.) Tlie apjiendages arc represented with the neural or ventralsurface uppermost. (Orij,inal.) growths, either leaf-like or filiform, on its inner and outermargins (endites and exites). Such a corm (see figs. 9 and10), with its outgrowths, may be compared to the simple STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE ARTIIROPODA. 553 parapodia of Cli;i3fcopoda with cirilii and braiicliial lobe(fig. 7). It is by the
RMT02GN0–Economic entomology for the farmer and fruit-grower [microform] : and for use as a text-book in agricultural schools and colleges . economicentomolo00insmit Year: 1896 THE INSECT WORLD. 197 popular interest. They differ from the Scarabceidce in that the leaves of the ckib are separated and cannot be made to form a soHd club or mass. Our most common 'stag-beetle' is the Lucaniis dama, in which the mandibles of the male are much enlarged and sickle- shaped ; whence the common term ' pinching-bug.' It occurs throughout the Middle and Central States, becoming more rare to the North and losing int
RMPKHGJ3–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RM2M9EB1K–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus), two males with antler-like enlarged mandibles in a comment fight, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe
RM2AG5BPR–. Report of the State Entomologist of Connecticut for the year ... esting upon thebark of the trunk or branches. *New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Report for 1894, page 558.fReport New York State Entomologist, 31, page 79, 1915. SINUATE PEAR BORER. 195 Descbiption. Larva:—Length, about one and one-half inches when full-grown; very flat,white or yellowish, head small and brown, with prominent mandibles.The first thoracic segment is much enlarged about twice as broad as theabdominal segments and having somewhat the appearance of a large head,but flattened like the other segments; first
RF2E4JKCC–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) two males with antler-like enlarged mandibles in a comment fight, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe
RMRYT487–Elementary entomology ([c1912]) Elementary entomology . elementaryentomo00sand Year: [c1912] * FlG- 2I2- species are commonly called white (Slightly enlarged) grubs, tor although they vary greatly (After J. 15. Smith) . . ' in size and structure, they all have the same general appearance of the white grub, with its large yellow or brown head with strong mandibles, long legs, thick, whitish •I'^'^^-V -''-^t.• '''•: '• •' ':'».'i'r'-•-•.- ^Ml/JM^ FIG. 213. Scarab beetle (Aleiichus variolosus} rolling egg-balls of dung, and Egyptian sculptures of Sacred Scarab (After Brehm)
RMPKHGM1–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RM2AX7HAY–Fifth report of the United States Entomological Commission, being a revised and enlarged edition of Bulletin no7, on insects injurious to forest and shade trees . Fig. 27.—Mallodon dasystomus. After Horn. Fig. 28.—Typocerua zebratus. Smith, del. Beetle.—Mandibles nearly horizontal, prolonged in the male; sutural angle of elytraspiniform iu both sexes; the metathoracic episterna, with the inner outline straight;the geniB emarginate. Length, 30 to bO^ (1.25 to 2 inches). (Horn.) so FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 20. Tijpocerus zehratus Fabr. This pretty beetle mines the white oak.
RF2E4JKDD–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) two males with antler-like enlarged mandibles in a comment fight, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe
RMRWR909–Elementary studies in insect life Elementary studies in insect life elementarystudie00hunt Year: 1902 FIG. 196. Inner view of maxilla, ic, lacinia; glt FIG. 195. Front view of head, galea . p^ palpus ; m, mem- with mandibles spread out. c, brane. Enlarged about five mandible ; <i, maxilla; e, maxil- times, lary palpus ; /, labiuni; gr, labial palpus ; //, hypopharynx. En- larged about uve times. the direction of motion in the act of chewing. Remove one of the mandibles, and carefully draw it. Maxillae.—(Fig. 195, rf.) After removing the mandi- bles there appears another pair of jaws, the u
RM2M9EB3Y–Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus), two males with antler-like enlarged mandibles in a comment fight, largest and most conspicuous beetle in Europe
RMPKHGJD–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RM2AG4YEG–. The grape leafhopper in the Lake Erie Valley. Fig. 2.—Head of grape leafhopper, .showing mouth-parts: a, Labrum; b, labium; c, mandibles; d, max-illa; e, maxillary seta. Greatly enlarged. (Origi-nal.) 6 BULLETIN 19, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. fruiting canes for bearing the next seasons crop are selected. Forthe first season or two that a vigorous vineyard is infested, this stuntedcondition of the bearing canes is overlooked by all but the mostobservant vineyardists. With each additional season of heavy in-festation, however, it becomes increasingly difficult to secure well-placed, robu
RMPKHGJG–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RM2AN644P–Report on the Rocky Mountain locust and other insects now injuring or likely to injure field and garden crops in the western states and territories . ^ first report as State entomologist of Massachusetts.. Fig. 2.—Head of larva of hvo-Uned Telephorus, enlarged. ^ a, top view of head and prothoracic segment; at, antenna;; md, mandibles; h, underside showing mp the maxillary palpi; Ijp, labial i)alpi ; /, lirst i>air of feet. The beetles of this and other species which belong to the family offire-flies feed on the leaves of forest deciduous trees, especially the birch. 662 REPORT UNITED STATE
RMPKHGMT–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RM2AX7284–Fifth report of the United States Entomological Commission, being a revised and enlarged edition of Bulletin no7, on insects injurious to forest and shade trees . Riley received from H. K. Morri-son, Fort Grant, Ariz., July 26, 1882, a lot ofacorns o1i,Q. grisea infested by larvai of the above insect, each contain-ing apparently only one larva. The larvje left the acorns as soon as re-ceived and entered the ground. They are yellow, head reddish brown,mandibles dark brown. The beetles issued from April 28 to May 21,1883. (Unpublished notes.) 307. The acokn moth. Holcocera glandulella Riley. Ord
RMPKHGN4–Army ants (Eciton hamatum) in a raiding swarm. The soldier caste has enlarged mandibles and is bigger to more effectively defend against predators.
RM2AX285F–Fifth report of the United States Entomological Commission, being a revised and enlarged edition of Bulletin no7, on insects injurious to forest and shade trees . Fig. 273.—Pine Lachnus. A head and beak, lb labrum, m mandibles; a, larva, male; 6, female, bodyfilled with eggs; c, papa (yellowish); g, odoriferous gland; h, orifice of the honey-tube —GisslerdeJ. 143. The white pine schizoneura. Schizoneura pinicola Thomas. Order Hemiptera ; family Aphid^e. Feeding on the tender shoots of the young white pines in Illinois, their presenceindicated by slender snow-white silky webs, and usually cover
RM2AJK193–Indian forest insects of economic importance Coleoptera . —Entrance and exit h -> ,<<-/>/», fri!> I>• ti/t .->rtli In I 2 i32 FAMILY BOSTRYCHIDAE Larva.—Yellowish-white, corrugated, curved. Mouth parts brownish, mandibles black.Thoracic segments greatly enlarged, swollen, forming almost a hood over head anteriorly.Three pairs of thoracic legs, anterior pair three-jointed, robust and long ; posterior pairs lessstout. Abdominal segments not swollen, narrower than thoracic ones, forming almost awaist where they join thorax, but slightly broadening behind. Length, 3.2 mm. P
RM2AM6E38–Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H.M.SChallenger during the years 1873-76 : under the command of Captain George SNares, R.N., F.R.Sand Captain Frank Turle Thomson, R.N. . p. / - i GENNADAS PARVUS H^nlu! PLATE LX. PLATE LX. Petalidmm foliacewm (p. 349). Fig. 1. Lateral view ; enlarged twice. 2. Ural apparatus ; d,d, distal joints of the synaphipod of the mandibles; d,epistoma ; d,d, metastoma; e,e, first pair of siagnopoda, d. Siagon or mandible. e. First siagnopod ; detached. /! Second siagnopod ; detached. g. Third siagnopod ; detached. „ 3. Branchiae, shown in position. .. 4
RM2AM6DNF–Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H.M.SChallenger during the years 1873-76 : under the command of Captain George SNares, R.N., F.R.Sand Captain Frank Turle Thomson, R.N. . / - i GENNADAS PARVUS H^nlu! PLATE LX. PLATE LX. Petalidmm foliacewm (p. 349). Fig. 1. Lateral view ; enlarged twice. 2. Ural apparatus ; d,d, distal joints of the synaphipod of the mandibles; d,epistoma ; d,d, metastoma; e,e, first pair of siagnopoda, d. Siagon or mandible. e. First siagnopod ; detached. /! Second siagnopod ; detached. g. Third siagnopod ; detached. „ 3. Branchiae, shown in position. .. 4. A
RM2CF36E9–. Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. E,and F of the figure; apical details of the labrum, the maxillary galea,and the hypopharynx are more enlarged at G, H, and I. The salivarycanal of Culicoides, as shown by Jobling (1928), traverses the proxi-mal third of the hypopharynx and then, emerging on the anteriorsurface of the latter, continues its course to the apex as an openchannel (K, se). The mandibles deserve particular attention. According to Joblingthey are present in both sexes of Culicoides pulicaris but are rela-tively weak in the male. Each mandible of the female (fig. 22 D) isa thin
RM2CEX62X–. Svenska vetenskapsakademien handlingar. and the tail, en-larged the same as the preceding. » 3. The Scorpion; natural size. » 4. Anterior portion of the cephalothorax and the mandibles. Enlarged eight times. » 5. Fingers of the mandibles. Enlarged sixteen times. » 6. Granulations from the scapnla of the palpi. Enlarged sixteen times. » 7. Last tarsal joints of the second walking iimb of the left side. Enlarged twenty-two times. » 8. Portion of the membrane between the tirst and second dorsal plates, enlarged fourteen times. « 9. Snrface of one of the dorsal plates seen under the microscope.
RM2CEY1MC–. The external and internal parasites of [man and] domestic animals. Figure 33.—Cattle-louse (Ecematopinus vituli Denny), much enlarged. FromAmerican Naturalist. Figure 34.—Hog-louse (H. suis Leach), much enlarged. From Cuvier. 6 42 BOARD OP AGRICULTURE. MALLOPHAGA (Bird-lice).These insects live both among the feathers of birds and hairof mammals. They are peculiar in having distinct jaws (Figure36), instead of a sucking tube. The body is flat, corneous,and firm above. The head is horizontal and generally broad.The antennee have three to five joints. The mandibles aresmall and hook-like. The m
RM2CEY1TK–. The external and internal parasites of [man and] domestic animals. Figure 33.—Cattle-louse (Ecematopinus vituli Denny), much enlarged. FromAmerican Naturalist. Figure 34.—Hog-louse (H. suis Leach), much enlarged. From Cuvier. 6 42 BOARD OP AGRICULTURE. MALLOPHAGA (Bird-lice).These insects live both among the feathers of birds and hairof mammals. They are peculiar in having distinct jaws (Figure36), instead of a sucking tube. The body is flat, corneous,and firm above. The head is horizontal and generally broad.The antennee have three to five joints. The mandibles aresmall and hook-like. The m
RM2CDM0E4–. A Reference handbook of the medical sciences embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science . 8 10 Fig. 2SGI.—.^a?Tojw)///rf prnrfrnns. 1, Egg: 2. PTiihrvo; :i, larva: 4, cocoon; .5, pupa ;6, tecundatiil fciiiali; 7, the same on the third dav frni its entriince under iheskin of its liuTiian host; 8, the same after se enil davs re.sidince in the skni of itshost; .), fnlly grown female—magnilled four times ; Id, head of same still more en-larged; 11, female before entering the skin; 13, mouth parts much enlarged; m,mandibles ; d, maxillary palpi; u, labium.
RMRCY6DP–. Elementary textbook of economic zoology and entomology. Zoology; Insect pests. 160 ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY wings, wingless workers, and wingless soldiers. The soldiers have greatly enlarged mandibles which are used in fighting enemies. The workers are smaller than soldiers or kings and queens, but exist in larger numbers and get the food and build the nest for the whole community. After a marriage flight the queens find hiding places in the ground, break off their wings, and each lays a few eggs from which begins a new community. The young are all alike when first hatched, and only w
RMREH6BK–. Coleoptera. Chrysomelidæ. Chrysomelidae; Beetles. INTRODUCTION. 109. 39.— Sphceroderma testacea, F. Enlarged and deeper view of mandibles of larva ; m, muscular bands.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Maulik, Samarendra. London, Taylor and Francis
RMRGWK68–. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. Fig. 22.—Schedius Jcuranse: Larval mandibles. Greatly enlarged. (Original.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. United States. Bureau of Entomology. Washington : G. P. O.
RMRGW4DJ–. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. Fig. 22.âSchedius kuvanx: Larval mandibles. Greatly enlarged. (Original.). â Tyndarichus navse: Larval man- Greatly enlarged. (Original.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. United States. Bureau of Entomology. Washington : G. P. O.
RMREFJ0K–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders -- United States. Fig. 274. Theridium frondeum.— Varieties of marking, enlarged four times. middle, almost covering the back, and a black stripe of similar width extends backwards on the abdomen for half its length. These black- striped individuals have all the other variations of color and markings. The males have all the colors and spots brighter and the legs longer than the females. The mandibles of the male are longer than those of the female and have at the base, in front, a low conical point. This species is found from the White Moun- r
RMRDHKAE–. An introduction to zoology, with directions for practical work (invertebrates). INSECTA: COLEOPTERA 245 The Head. Respiration. the male in holding the female. The corresponding joints on the second pair of legs in the male are also slightly enlarged and capable of some adhesion. The back legs in both sexes are strongly feathered, and are the chief organs of locomotion. The head bears compound eyes, which project but little, and a pair of long, delicate, jointed antennae. From the sides of the mouth are seen projecting two pairs of palps, and strong toothed mandibles are also present. As has
RMREFJ0Y–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders -- United States. 273. Fig. 274. Theridium frondeum.— Varieties of marking, enlarged four times. middle, almost covering the back, and a black stripe of similar width extends backwards on the abdomen for half its length. These black- striped individuals have all the other variations of color and markings. The males have all the colors and spots brighter and the legs longer than the females. The mandibles of the male are longer than those of the female and have at the base, in front, a low conical point. This species is found from the White Mou
RMRGHN20–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. pseudopore OPERCULUM (EXTERNAL). sclerite OPERCULUM (INTERNAL) Fig. 12 Diagrammatic illustration of apertural and opercular morphology in melicerititid cyclostomes. eleozooids may be hypertrophied or of reduced size relative to apertures of autozooids in the same colony. Eleozooids have no close analogues among modern cyclostomes but resemble the avicularia of cheilostomes. Avicularia are poly- morphs with hypertrophied opercula, variously enlarged as mandibles or hair-like setae, and probably with a range of functions including defe
RMREEYE7–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders -- United States. 97 Xysticus triguttatus. 96, male. Both en- larged four times. 97, front of head much enlarged to show eyes and mandibles. Figs. 95, 96,97 — 95, female. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Emerton, J. H. (James Henry), 1847-1930. Boston, London, Ginn & Company
RMRR4DD5–. The Acarina or mites. A review of the group for the use of economic entomologists. Mites. THE ACARIXA OR MITES. 71. joint enlarged. The mandibles are chelate, slender, and exsertile. Thorell made a new family for the genus, but other writers consider it related closely to Parasitidae. The food habits and transformations are unknown. Family PARASITIDiE. The parasitid (figs. 135, 136) mites are among those best known to collectors of insects, since many species are very common, and others spend part of their life attached to beetles and other insects. Typically these mites have a hard coriaceo
RMREJC1A–. Coleoptera: Lamellicornia. Scarabaeidae. 4 BUTELIN^. of the mandibles in the males—like that so characteristic of the Stag-beetles. The organs of the mouth do not differ essentially from those of the DYNASTiNiE, but the labrum is more developed and is sometimes produced in a vertical direction to meet the labium. This process has advanced to such a degree in the genus Adoretus that the mouth is completely divided and the ends of the. I'ig. 1.—Mimela macleayana and enlarged details:—h., head; c, clypeus ; •pro., prothorax ; pr»., pronotuin ; pst., prosternum ; rriBt.^ mesosternum ; m-p., meso
RMRDXFMC–. Economic entomology for the farmer and fruit-grower [microform] : and for use as a text-book in agricultural schools and colleges. Beneficial insects. THE INSECT WORLD. 197 popular interest. They differ from the Scarabceidce in that the leaves of the ckib are separated and cannot be made to form a soHd club or mass. Our most common "stag-beetle" is the Lucaniis dama, in which the mandibles of the male are much enlarged and sickle- shaped ; whence the common term " pinching-bug." It occurs throughout the Middle and Central States, becoming more rare to the North and losing
RMRFPPK8–. Cassell's natural history. Animals; Animal behavior. NATURAL HISTORY.. the basal cleft already mentioned. This cieft is closed l)y the more or less elongated labrum, which fits into it, and thus completes the tube. Within this tube we find four bristles representing the mandibles and maxillae, which can be pushed forward and retracted by the action of muscles attached to their slightly enlarged bases, and thus serve, like the similar organs of the Diptera, to j)ierce the tissues of animals and plants, and enable the insects to suck up their juices. There are no maxillary palpi. The general f
RMREEYCK–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders. Fig. 274. Theridium frondeum.— Varieties of marking, enlarged four times. middle, almost covering the back, and a black stripe of similar width extends backwards on the abdomen for half its length. These black- striped individuals have all the other variations of color and markings. The males have all the colors and spots brighter and the legs longer than the females. The mandibles of the male are longer than those of the female and have at the base, in front, a low conical point. This species is found from the White Moun- t, ^, . ^ Fig. 275.
RMRDYMPC–. Economic entomology. Beneficial insects; Insect pests; Thysanura. Raphignathus ruberrinius. Copied from Dugds. Raphignathus ruber. Copied from Koch's Ubersicht. Raphignathus ruber (A'^f/;, Ubers). Described by Koch first under the name of Caligonus ruber. Genus Megamerus {Duges). A genus, established by Duges, of which the more important characters are, that the palpi are long, the mandibles provided with nippers, and the hind thighs enlarged. The Megameri live in nume- rous families, running swiftly and occasionally leaping, which their large hind thighs enable th'em to do- and they appear
RMRDYMPD–. Economic entomology. Beneficial insects; Insect pests; Thysanura. Raphignathus ruberrinius. Copied from Dugds. Raphignathus ruber. Copied from Koch's Ubersicht. Raphignathus ruber (A'^f/;, Ubers). Described by Koch first under the name of Caligonus ruber. Genus Megamerus {Duges). A genus, established by Duges, of which the more important characters are, that the palpi are long, the mandibles provided with nippers, and the hind thighs enlarged. The Megameri live in nume- rous families, running swiftly and occasionally leaping, which their large hind thighs enable th'em to do- and they appear
RMRR4DCW–. The Acarina or mites. A review of the group for the use of economic entomologists. Mites. joint enlarged. The mandibles are chelate, slender, and exsertile. Thorell made a new family for the genus, but other writers consider it related closely to Parasitidae. The food habits and transformations are unknown. Family PARASITIDiE. The parasitid (figs. 135, 136) mites are among those best known to collectors of insects, since many species are very common, and others spend part of their life attached to beetles and other insects. Typically these mites have a hard coriaceous integument, but there a
RMRGTXMY–. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. THE GENUS DENDEOCTONUS. pronotum; but the frontal groove and tubercles are usually more dis- tinct, the head broader, and the mandibles stouter. In species 9 to 11 (subdivision B) the females have the declivity of the elytra somewhat flattened and shining and the interspaces with HEAD. Fig. 3.—The red turpentine beetle. Adult, lateral aspect, greatly enlarged: a, Pleural clavicula; b, pregena. (Author's illustration.) small granules and sometimes punctured. In the males the declivity is more convex, the interspac
RMRHG96B–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. LYSOROPHUS, A PERMIAN URODELE. 233 these pairs also seems to have a thickened and recurved posterior extremity. The mandibles are rather stout, extending a short distance back of the cotylus, expanded and flattened, somewhat spout-Hke in front. Each bears about twelve, conical, simple teeth on the anterior, somewhat concave margin, which is about two. Fig. 2. Lysorophus tricarinatus, skull from above, enlarged five diameters. «, nasal; f, frontal; pf, prefrontal ; /, parietal ; so, supraoccipital; eo, epiotic ; pa, proatlas.
RMRDYAYB–. Economic entomology for the farmer and the fruit grower, and for use as a text-book in agricultural schools and colleges;. Entomology; Pests. THE IXSF.CT WORLD. 197 Fig. 1S5. popular interest. They differ from the Scarabcrida; in that the leaves of the club are separated and cannot be made to form a solid club or mass. Our most common " staj^-lK'etle" is the Lucanus dama, in which the mandibles of the male are much enlarged and sickle- shaped ; whence the common term " pinching-bug." It occurs throughout the Mitldle and Central States, becoming more rare to the North and
RMRPXB9C–. Alfalfa, grasshoppers, bees: their relationship. Alfalfa. [from old catalog]; Locusts. [from old catalog]; Bees. [from old catalog]. Fig. 16. (Original.) Cly- peus and labrum. Enlarged about five times.. Fig. 13. (Original.) Front view of head, with mandibles spread out. c, mandible; d, maxilla; e, maxillary palpus; /, labium; </, labial palpus; //, hypopharynx. Enlarged about five times. each side beneath mandibles. With such tools and the power to use them, is it to be wondered that this insect is omnivorous. The compound eyes, one on each side of the head, are the most conspicuous divi
RMRDX7AW–. Economic entomology for the farmer and the fruit grower, and for use as a text-book in agricultural schools and colleges;. Insects; Pests. THE INSECT WORLD. 197 popular interest. They differ from the Scarabccidcc in that the leaves of the club are separated and cannot be made to form a solid club or mass. Our most common " staj4-l)cetle" is the Luccvnis daiiia, in which the mandibles of the male are much enlarged and sickle- shaped ; whence the common term " pinching-bug." It occurs throughout the Middle and Central States, becoming more rare to the North and losing inter
RMRDJ4KY–. Elements of zoology, to accompany the field and laboratory study of animals. Zoology. 6 ZOOLOGY particular kind of work (cf. Fig. 5). The food of the cricket consists of various sorts of animal and vegetaljle debris, — old fragments of meat, pieces of cloth or paper, fallen fruit, etc. Bits of suitaljle size are torn off by the mandibles and carried to the gullet, where they are wet bj- the saliva. They then pass into the crop, an enlarged part of the tube, where the hard food is held and worked over until it is softened by various juices secreted by the glands. The food then passes. Fig. .5
RMRDWKRJ–. Economic entomology for the farmer and fruit-grower. Beneficial insects. THE INSECT WORLD. 197 Fig popular interest. They differ from the Scarab(sidce in that the leaves of the club are separated and cannot be made to form a solid club or mass. Our most common "stag-beetle" is the Lucamis dama, in which the mandibles of the male are much enlarged and sickle- shaped ; whence the common term " pinching-bug." It occurs throughout the Middle and Central States, becoming more rare to the North and losing interest in the South in favor of its more prominent relative, the L. ela
RMREFM9F–. Common Illinois insects : and why they are interesting. Insects -- Illinois. Ant lion larva (Myrmelion) enlarged to show flat sand-shovel head and powerful jaws. (lOx) The bite is poisonous and liquifies the muscles and internal parts of the prey so that they can be siphoned out through grooves on the underside of the mandibles. 4. The Ant Lion. The food-getting manner of this animal is nnique and provides another interesting example of '"sideways evolution" in the larva, as mentioned in discussing the nymph of the cicada. Crater con- struction and capture of prey by ant lions may
RMREFM9X–. Common Illinois insects : and why they are interesting. Insects -- Illinois. IG. Ant lion larva (Myrmelion) enlarged to show flat sand-shovel head and powerful jaws. (lOx) The bite is poisonous and liquifies the muscles and internal parts of the prey so that they can be siphoned out through grooves on the underside of the mandibles. 4. The Ant Lion. The food-getting manner of this animal is nnique and provides another interesting example of '"sideways evolution" in the larva, as mentioned in discussing the nymph of the cicada. Crater con- struction and capture of prey by ant lions
RMRDWYH6–. Economic entomology for the farmer... THE IXSECT WORLD. 197 Fig popular interest. They differ from the ScarabcBidcB in that the leaves of the club are separated and cannot be made to form a solid club or mass. Our most common "stag-beetle" is the Lucanns davia, in which the mandibles of the male are much enlarged and sickle- shaped : whence the common term " pinching-bug." It occurs throughout the Middle and Central States, becoming more rare to the North and losing interest in the South in favor of its more prominent relative, the L. elaphics, which in the male has man-
RMRGAM54–. Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture. Fig. 3.-—The melon fly : Newly hatched larva, showing absence of anterior spiracles and main tracheal system. Enlarged. (Original.). Fig. 4.—The melon fly ; Mandibles or mouth hooks of larva, a, First instar; b, second instar; c, third instar. Enlarged. (Original.) THE LARVA. DESCRIPTION. The larva in all instars is pure glistening white, except as appear- ances are altered by the color of the various host fruits within the alimentary canal. The larva passes through three instars, which. Please note that these images are extracted
RMREFHX7–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders. 476 Figs. 474, 475, 476,477, 478. Dictyna volupis. — 474, female. 475, male. Both enlarged eight times. 476, side of male. 477, front of head of male enlarged sixteen times, show- ing curved mandibles. 478, palpus of male.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Emerton, J. H. (James Henry), 1847-1930. Boston, London : Ginn & company
RMREFHYA–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders -- United States. Figs. 282, 283, 284. Steatoda marmorata. — 282,283, mark- ings of the abdomen of the female enlarged twice. 284, head of the male. partly connected with a middle line (fig. 282). The head is wider and the eyes smaller and farther apart than in the other species, and the front middle eyes are the smallest. The head is wider in males (fig. 284) than in females, and the mandibles larger. It lives under stones and leaves at all seasons and occasionally on bushes. Steatoda corollata. — This, when full grown, is a little larger tha
RMRDNGWK–. The Arthrostraca of Connecticut. Malacostraca. 152 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull.. (J First antennae longer than second, with first and second joints of peduncle subequal in length and twice as long as third. Flagel- lum long and slender; accessory flagellum short, oite-jointed. Second antennje slender w'ith elongated peduncle. Mandibles with three-jointed palp, the distal one of which is not enlarged distally. Lower lip with outer plates incised. First maxillae with small triangular inner plate having a number. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page i
RMRD8CWA–. The illustrated Australasian bee manual and complete guide to modern bee culture in the southern hemisphere. With this is incorporated the "New Zealand bee manual" greatly enlarged, revised and mostly rewritten. Bees. BEE MANUAL. 71 to hour. This includes the pupa or nymph period, and lasts altogether thirteen days for workers and fourteen and a half for drones; and at length, on the twenty-second day from the laying of the egg in the former, or on the twenty-fifth day in the latter case, the fully formed bee cuts through the capping of the cell with its mandibles, and emerges comp
RMRGBH5D–. Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. CLOVER-LEAF WEEVIL. deep, punctured; antennae reddish-black, scape reaching to middle of eyes, not as long as funicle, not greatly enlarged at tip; first joint of funicle distinctly longer than second, enlarged at the apex so that it is about one-half as thick as long, second joint equal to three and four united, joints three to seven regularly shorter and broader, seven as wide as long, club elongate-oval, pointed at the tip, antennae with many fine hairs, those on club very fine and dense. Mandibles po.ished, dull re
RMREEYCX–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders. mM 271 Figs. 270, 271,272, 273. Theridiiim spirale. — 270, male. 271, fe- male. Both enlarged eight times. 272, end of palpus of male. 2/3' epigynum.. Fig. 274. Theridium frondeum.— Varieties of marking, enlarged four times. middle, almost covering the back, and a black stripe of similar width extends backwards on the abdomen for half its length. These black- striped individuals have all the other variations of color and markings. The males have all the colors and spots brighter and the legs longer than the females. The mandibles of the male
RMRG81Y9–. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 238 BULLETIN 54, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. the posterior margin of the head. The ba.sal articles of the first pair of antenniv are adjacent on the ventral side. The articles of both pairs of antennse are greatly dilated and flattened. The raaxillipeds have a palp of two articles. The palp of the mandibles is composed. Fig. 241.—Meinertia gaudichaudii (After Schicedte and Meinert). o. Adult female. 6, Adtlt FEMALE, c, Lateral view of thorax. (Enlarged.) of three articles, the terminal one being ver}^ slender and minute. The second maxilh
RMRJDA2R–. Cattle ticks (Ixodoidea) of the United States. Ixodidae; Ticks. Fig. 145.—Dorsal view of hexapod larva of Boopliilus amtralis, to anterior end of hypostome; base of capitulum hexagonal, enlarged on its dorsal surface; inserted in emargination of scutum; lateral projections not very prominent. Mandibles 860 jj- long, digit 120 yw. Internal apophysis conical (Neumann), bidentate. Fig. 146.—Ventral view of hexapod larva of same. (Fuller), with its base near the terminal extremity; external apophysis with three successive teeth, one terminal, subventral, small; the second stronger; third large.
RMREFF8A–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders -- United States. THE EPEIRID^ 201 abdomen, and three stripes on the cephalothorax. The abdo- men is generally enlarged a little in the front third (fig. 461). The males are smaller and more slender than the females, with longer legs and mandibles. Tetragnatha extensa/— Female a quarter to three-eighths of an inch long, with the first leg three-quarters of an inch. The abdomen is shorter than in grallator, about twice as long as the cephalothorax, and not as much widened in front (fig. 462).. Fig. 459. Web of Tetragnatha in tansy plants, showi
RMRR1NG7–. Agricultural entomology for students, farmers, fruit-growers and gardeners. Insects; Beneficial insects; Insect pests. 26 CLASS ARACHNIDA are fitted for piercing, biting, or in some cases for combined biting and suction, there being usually a pair of slender, sharp mandibles capable of penetrating the skin of the host animals. Much variation of habit exists, and ranges from free forms to strictly parasitic forms.. Fig. 5—Tetranychus gloveri: Adult—much enlarged, (Titus, Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Ag.) Harvest Mites; Chiggers. In the family Tromhidiidoe, which includes normally plant- feeding spe
RMREFHYX–. The common spiders of the United States. Spiders. THE EPEIRID.-E 201 abdomen, and three stripes on the cephalothorax. The abdo- men is generally enlarged a little in the front third (fig. 461). The males are smaller and more slender than the females, with longer legs and mandibles. Tetragnatha extensa. — Female a quarter to three-eighths of an inch long, with the first leg three-quarters of an inch. The abdomen is shorter than in grallator, about twice as long as the cephalothorax, and not as much widened in front (fig. 462).. Fig. 459. Web of Tetragnatha in tansy plants, sho .1 ii-. usual
RMRE06BM–. Outlines of the comparative physiology and morphology of animals. Anatomy, Comparative; Physiology, Comparative. NUTRITION PROPER. 333 divided and masticated by the jaws working toward one another laterally (not vertically, as in vertebrates).. m*fi nvx.p Fig. 213.—The mouth parts of a grasshopper enlarged : Ibr, labrum ; m m, mandibles ; lb, labium ; Ip, labial palpi; /, tongue ; mx mx, maxilla?; mxp mxp, maxillary palpi. Serial Homology of these Parts.—As already said (page 273), the insect head consists of four segments with their paired appendages. The labrum is an exten- sion downward o
RMRE09W5–. Zoology for high schools and colleges. Zoology. MBCAPTERA. 351 cylindrical larvae are called case-worms, differ from the Neuroptera in features which ally them to the Lepidoptera. The mandibles are obsolete, but well developed in the larva. Fig. 331,—Mantispa interrupta Say; and side view of the same without wings. Natural size.— Emerton del. Fig. 332.—Fresh- Fig. 332o.—Larva ol the ly hatched larva of same, but older, before the Mantispa styria- first moult. Enlarged.— ca. Enlarged. After Brauer.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digita
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