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RM2AJ74TN–The antiquities of England and Wales . n the reign of Queen Elizabeth, erected by his lady,who is alfo interred with him: the monument is of alabafter,with pillars of porphyry. Another, within a neat fcreen of brafswork, is erected to the memory of Charles Somerfet, earl of Wor-cefter, and knight of the garter, who died in 1526, and his lady,daughter to William, earl of Huntingdon. A ftately monumentof white marble, erected to the memory of Henry Somerfet, dukeof Beaufort, and knight of the garter, who died in 1699. Thereare here alfo the tombs of Sir George Manners, lord Roos, thatof the lord
RM2AJ73PF–The antiquities of England and Wales . gs ; and it is now included in the Nor-folk circuit, the diocefe of Ely, and province of Canterbury. It is bounded on theweft by Huntingdonfhire and Bedfordfhire; on the eaft by Norfolk and Suffolk; onthe fouth by Hertfordfhire and Effex j and on the north by Lincolnshire. It is about40 miles in length from north to fouth, and 25 in breadth from eaft to weft, and is130 miles in circumference, containing near 570,000 acres. It has about 17,400houfes, 140,000 inhabitants, is divided into 17 hundreds, in which are one city,Ely; 8 market towns, viz. Cambridge
RM2AJ7AP2–The antiquities of England and Wales . PREFACE. in The characteriftic marks of this ftyle are thefe : The wallsare very thick, generally without buttrelTes; the arches, bothwithin and without, as well as thofe over the doors and windows,femicircular, and fuported by very folid, or rather clumfy co-lumns, with a kind of regular bafe and capital: in fhort, plainnefsand folidity conftitute the finking features of this method ofbuilding. Neverthelefs, the architects of thofe days fometimesdeviated from this rule: their capitals were adorned with carvingsof foliage, and even animals j and their maf
RM2AJ749X–The antiquities of England and Wales . remaining jthey were of rough flint, and were formerly cafed with fquaredHone ; but of this they have been ftripped. There is likewife tobe feen, the remainder of our ladys chapel and the refectory; thislaft is eighty-four feet long, and forty-eight broad: and is, ac-cording to Willis, the room in which was held the parliamentbefore mentioned. The cloifters have long been totally demo-limed. About eight years ago, a very confiderable quantity ofthe abbey ruins, fome of the pieces as much as two teams ofhorfes could draw, compofed of gravel and flints, cem
RM2AJ77R0–The antiquities of England and Wales . le (Domefday) figilli regiscomes ell individuus in thefauro. Until of late years, it has been kept under three differentlocks and keys, one in the cufrody of the treafurer, and the othersof the two chamberlains of the Exchequer. It is now depofitedin the Chapter Houfe at Weftminfter, where it may be confultedon paying to the proper officers a fee of 6s. 8d. for a fearch, andfour-pence per line for a tranfcript. Many parts of this ancient record have been printed in differ-ent county hiftories, and many more are to be found in publicand private libraries.
RM2AJ7CPC–The antiquities of England and Wales . ofpitallar ; a fecular canon; a canon regular of thePrasmonftratenfians. The fitting figures are, a regular canon of St. Auguftine; a regular canon ofthe Holy Sepukhe ; a canon of the Hofpital of St John at Coventry ; chaplain of the order of St-John of Jerufalem. (n) The oracle of the law faith, a Inftit. p. 585, Twenty-fix abbots and two priors had baro-nies, and thereby were lords of parliament. In 1 Inftit. 97, he faith, There were an hundred andeighteen monafteries, founded by kings of England ; whereof fuch as held- per baroniam, and werecalled to p
RM2AJ774W–The antiquities of England and Wales . le Mario, Medmenham, &c. to the value of 661I. 14s. od. perann. for the maintenance of an abbot, who was to have the pri-vilege of wearing a mitre, and thirteen Benedictine monks. Butthis new abbey was of fhort continuance, being furrendered30 Henry VIII. June 19, 1539, three years after its inftitution. The fite of it was granted 7 Edward VI. to Sir Edward Hoby,in whofe defcendants it continued till the year 1768, when thelaft of that name dying, bequeathed it to John Mill, efq; theprefent proprietor, who by act of parliament took upon him thename of Hob
RM2AJ7DW5–The antiquities of England and Wales . THE ANTIQUITIES O F ENGLAND and WALES: BEING A COLLECTION of VIEWS OF THE Moft remarkable Ruins and antient Buildings, ACCURATELY DRAWN ON THE SPOT. TO EACH VIEW IS ADDED An Hiftorical Account of its Situation, when and by whom built, with everyinterefting Circumftance relating thereto. COLLECTED FROM THE BEST AUTHORITIES: By FRANCIS GROSE, Efq; F.A.S.VOL. I. THE SECOND EDITION, CORRECTED AND ENLARGED. LONDON: PRINTED BY C. CLARKE,For S. Hooper, N° 188, the Corner of Arundel Street, Strand. M.DCC.LXXXIH. loo JAN 111866 103?©19. INTRODUCTION. A S in the co
RM2AJ76JF–The antiquities of England and Wales . , a native of Wantage in this county, in 889 dividedhis kingdom into counties, hundreds and parifhes, and at that time this divifion firftreceived its appellation of Berkfliire or Berocfliire. At prefent it is in the Oxford cir-cuit, the province of Canterbury, and diocefe of Salisbury. The general fhape of it.fomewhat refembles the form of a flipper or fandal. It contains an area of 654 fquaremiles, or 527,000 fquare acres, is 39 miles long, 29 broad, and is about 137 in circum-ference. , .1 re j-victguii inn, luppoieu to De rae Durying piace or vjier rc
RM2AJ710N–The antiquities of England and Wales . p, and that famous and far-feen caftle, built there bythe laft Ranulph, the famous earl of Chefter ; and, withoutqueftion, was a place, when fuch ftrong holds were in requeft,of admirable and impregnable ftrength. It is mounted upon thetop of a very fteep hill of ftone, the chief tower whereof, in thevery fumitty of it, had a draw-well of an incredible depth toferve it with water, I have meafured it, and, notwithstandingthat by the great number of ftones which from the ruinatedwalls thofe that repair thither do caft in, it is fuppofed the wellin the outwa
RM2AJ6RD3–The antiquities of England and Wales . nly a perpetual curacy, and was certi-fied to the Governors of Queen Annes bounty at 14I. 5s. andhath fmce received an allotment of 200I. from the faid bounty.The earl of Carlifle is patron (probably by purchafe from theDacres.) At the fupreflion, the annual revenues of this houfe wereeftimated at 77I. 7s. ud. Dugdale; 79I. 19s. Speed; at whichtime, here were a prior and feven canons. This view, whichreprefents the north afpecl of the priory church, was drawnanno 1774. ( PLATE II. ) This priory is fituated in a romantic valley, a fmall diftancenorth of th
RM2AJ7DAB–The antiquities of England and Wales . compiled from the beft authorities ; and as moft? of thefe buildings are either of the Saxon architecture, orof that flile commonly called Gothic, fome chara6ter-iftic marks and principles of the firft are pointed out,and an investigation of the origin of the latter attempted.Domefday-book being quoted in feveral defcriptions,fome particulars of that ancient record, with a fpecimenof the hands in which it is written, will, it is hopednot improperly, be infer ted. The iv INTRODUCTION, The author begs to have it underftood, that he doesnot herein pretend to
RM2AJ6Y7W–The antiquities of England and Wales . which once flowed clofe to it, but is now fochoaked up by fands, as to render it entirely ufelefs for that pur-pofe. It was built, according to the account given of it in KingsVale Royal of England, anno 1322, at the expence of the city,by one John Helpftone, a mafon, who contracted to complete it,according to a given plan, for the fum of one hundred pounds.The indenture or agreement is preferved among the archives ofthe city. The following defcription of it is given in another part of thefame book: From the north gate, ftill weft ward, the wall ex-tendet
RM2AJ6XY3–The antiquities of England and Wales . good difcance into the channel, as alfo by greatrings of iron here and there faflened to the fides of the faidtower, which, if they ferved not for the fattening of fuch velTelsas then ufed to approach to the fame key, I cannot learn whatother ufe they fhould be for. And again another paflage in the fame book fays: The Wa-ter-gate is in the weft fide of the city, whereunto, in times pari,great {hips and velfels might come at full fea, but now fcarcefmall boats are able to come, the fands have fo choaked thechannel; and although the citizens have beftowed m
RM2AJ7ECW–The antiquities of England and Wales . THE ANTIQUITIES O F ENGLAND and WALES: BEING A COLLECTION of VIEWS OF THE Moft remarkable Ruins and antient Buildings, ACCURATELY DRAWN ON THE SPOT. TO EACH VIEW IS ADDED An Hiftorical Account of its Situation, when and by whom built, with everyinterefting Circumftance relating thereto. COLLECTED FROM THE BEST AUTHORITIES: By FRANCIS GROSE, Efq; F.A.S.VOL. I. THE SECOND EDITION, CORRECTED AND ENLARGED. LONDON: PRINTED BY C. CLARKE,For S. Hooper, N° 188, the Corner of Arundel Street, Strand. M.DCC.LXXXIH. loo JAN 111866 103?©19
RM2AJ7239–The antiquities of England and Wales . fides are flanked by four towers ; three of themfquare, and one round. The round tower is at the fouth-eaftangle, and is much larger than the reft; the entrance is througha tower, facing fouth-weft. On the infide, adjoining to the walls, are buildings which havethe appearance of dwelling-houfes, and were probably apart-ments for the governor, and barracks for the garrifon. As thatprint was publifhed abroad, and well engraved, it was in all likeli-hood copied from fome Englifh draught, of approved authority,and of much earlier date; and indeed it thoroughl
RM2AJ7A7K–The antiquities of England and Wales . s of great nails, driven in at regular diftances ; as in thewave of old St. Pauls, and the great tower at Hereford (all of them found alfo in more ancient Saxonbuildings) :—the billeted moulding, as if a cylinder mould be cut into fmall pieces of equal length, andthefe ftuck on alternately round the face of the arches; as in the choir of Peterborough, at St. Crofs,and round the windows of the upper tire on the outfide of the nave at Ely :—this latter ornament wasoften ufed (as were alfo fome of the others) as a fafcia, band, or fillet, round the outf.de o
RM2AJ7058–The antiquities of England and Wales . This drawing was madeanno 1770. CHESTER CASTLE. ( Plate I. ) Th IS caftle, it is faid, was either built or greatly repaired byHugh Lupus, earl of Chefter, nephew to William the Conqueror jit is twice defcribed in the Vale Royal of England, publifhedanno 1656, by Dan. King; as that book is extremely fcarce, Ilhall here literally tranferibe both paffages. The caftle of Chefter ftandeth on a rocky hill, within thewall of the city, not far from the bridge : which caftle is a placehaving privileges of itfelf, and hath a conftable, the buildingthereof feemeth t
RM2AJ78GG–The antiquities of England and Wales . mprovements in building, which, at this time, were growingmore and more into efteem. Thus alfo Bifhop Hall, who wroteabout the fame time; viz. 1598 : There findeft thou fome ftately Doricke frame,Or neat lonicke work. But thefe ornaments were often abfurdly introduced into the oldGothic ftyle: as in the magnificent portico of the fchools at Ox-ford, erected about the year 1613 ; where the builder, in a Gothicedifice, has affectedly difplayed his univerfal fkill in the modernarchitecture, by giving us all the five orders together. However,mofl of the great
RM2AJ7BNP–The antiquities of England and Wales . l parts of the church; which work they not only executed, but taught the Englilh nationthat moft ufeful art. Benthanis Hljiory of Ely, p. 21. What Bede here affirms of the abbot Benedict, that he firft introduced the art of making glafsinto this kingdom, is by no means inconfiftent with Eddiuss account of Biihop Wilfrids glazingthe windows of St. Peters church at York, about the year 669, i. e. feven or eight years before thistime j for glafs might have beer, imported from abroad by Wilfred. But Benedict firft brought over the artifts who taught the Saxon
RM2AJ71KE–The antiquities of England and Wales . , with its peculiar privileges, fuch as its own judge or juftice,c urt of Exchequer, which it yet retains, though of a mixed kind, &c. Its dio-cefe is in the province of York, and includes the counties of Cheihire, Rich-. mondfhire, .u^uu vuu go 10 inciter, ^L>cva^ wnich is 20 mnes, and agrees witn tne Itineraryof Antoninus. That this hath been a colony, is proved from inferiptions and coins,and from the remains frequently difcovered there : indeed here the 28th legion, caUled Valaria Viftrix was quartered. The road from Chefter to Bangor, (Bovium)10 m
RM2AJ736J–The antiquities of England and Wales . Plan ,L-Puw ofl/wilfi/fye lhjtfe,/i07n an ^IncietUD/vmwty; fornwlv Mviiginy /V Gz?wa7^4rmj(rpng;.>r< </ to JDnwn almt£ rite Jtritpi of Queen Ehzafofli.
RM2AJ6T5R–The antiquities of England and Wales . in defcribed j alfo the church of Walton, withthe chapel of Treverman, the churches of Erchinton, of Bramp-ton, Karlaton and Farlam, with all their appurtences and de-pendencies. He likewife gave the pajfturage for thirty cows, and twentyfows, in his foreft of Walton; with all the bark of the timber-trees, and the dry wood in the forefts of his barony; and freepaffage for themfelves and fervants through his eflates to theirdifferent churches and houfes, &c. to Brampton, WTalton, Tra-verfman, Warboleman, and Rofwrageth, Danton, and Brenkibeth. He moreover
RM2AJ6TP5–The antiquities of England and Wales . marriage to Charles Seymour, duke of Somerfet; and by thedeath of Algernon (the laft duke) without heirs male, it defcended,.together with the title of earl of Egremont, to Sir Charles Wind--ham, bait, whofe fon is the prefent proprietor. Other accounts attribute the building of this caftle to Wal-dof, firft lord of Allerdale, fon of Gofpatrick, Earl of Northum-berland, cotemporary with William the Conqueror. Waldof, itis faid, refided firft at Pappe caftle, in this neighbourhood; whichhe afterwards demolished, and with the materials erected thisedifice.
RM2AJ70DN–The antiquities of England and Wales . to beat a parly,whereupon a treaty followed; and having obtained very ho-nourable conditions (even beyond expectation in fuch extremity)viz. to march out, the governor and officers with horfes andarms, and their own proper goods (which loaded two wains) thecommon foldiers with their arms, colours flying, drums beating,matches alight, and a proportion of powder and ball, and a con-voy to guard them to Flint caftle; he did, on Sunday the 16thof November, furrender the caftle, the garrifon being reducedto not above fixty men, who marched away according to th
RM2AJ6YTB–The antiquities of England and Wales . does notwell endure the weather, and is at prefent much out of repair,feveral large pieces of the wails having lately fallen down into theditch. Indeed its trifling confequence as a fortrefs, would hardlyjuftify the expence of a thorough repair. It is, however, com-manded by a governor and lieutenant governor, and is commonlygarrifoned by two companies of invalids. This drawing wasmade anno 1770. (PLATE II.) As this edifice cannot well be reprefented at one view, withouttaking it at fo great a diftance as would render the parts ex-tremely indiftinct and c
RM2AJ75E5–The antiquities of England and Wales . eftend terminated in a femi-octagon, infcribed in the half of a longoval. It was defended by four round towers j two on the angles,formed by the concurrence of the north and fouth fides with theeaft end; and two others, placed on the angles formed by thejunction of the fame fides with the femi-poligon. The length ofthe eaft end, including the towers, was eighty-five feet; and theextent, from eaft to weft, reckoning the thicknefs of the walls,one hundred and twenty feet. Near the north-weft tower was awell; and in the fouth-eaft angle a fquare building, wh
RM2AJ6XE4–The antiquities of England and Wales . near Bodmin Kernejack Caftle in the Parifh of St. Juft Kimick. Caftle near Bodmin Launcefton Caftle Leftonnel Caftle near Leftwithiel Leftwithiel PaUce St. Mawes Caftle, Falmouth-Harbour St. Michaels Mount St. Neots Church near Lefkard Pellin Caftle near Leftwithiel Ptndennis Caftle, Falmouth-Harbour Pengerfick Cattle near Helfton Pentilley Caftle near Saltafh The Rocking-ftone near St. Levan Roundago near Penfance The Sifters Uruidical Monuments near WadebridgeStone Deities in the Village of Men PerheenTintagal Caftle near BofineyTrematon Caftle near Sal
RM2AJ77GC–The antiquities of England and Wales . DRUIDICAL (<uv/c or iar/iedti.. ( *35 ) DRUIDICAL MONUMENTS. Dr UIDICAL Monuments confift of Obelifques, being largeftones or pillars fet up perpendicularly, Carnes or Carnedes, Crom-lehs or Cromleiches, Kift vaens, Rocking ftones, Tolmen or ftonesof paffage, Rock bafons, and circles or ovals* Of SINGLE STONES. These monuments are the rnoft fimple and undoubtedly ofmore ancient date than druidifm itfelf, they were placed as memo-rials recording different events, fuch as remarkable inftances ofGods mercies, contracts, lingular victories, boundaries, and
RM2AJ7C61–The antiquities of England and Wales . to be true, and utter it with heavinefs, that neither theBritons under the Romans and Saxons, nor yet the Englifti people, under the Danes and Normans,had ever fuch damage of their learned monuments, as we have feen in our time. Our pofterity maywell curfe this wicked fa£t of our age ; this unreafonable fpoil of Englands moft noble antiquities. Vol. I. E e To 106 PREFACE. To conclude, their ftately buildings and magnificent chtSrcheswere ftriking ornaments to the country; the furious zeal withwhich thefe were demolifhed, their fine carvings deftroyed, and
RM2AJ778B–The antiquities of England and Wales . uments, and generally pointed outthe ufes for which they are fuppofed to have been erected, orappropriated, I mail conclude this article, with remarking, thatin all the different parts of this kingdom where thefe monumentsare found, the common people retain a kind of traditionary reve-rence for them, without being able to affign any reafon for theirveneration, and all relate almoft fimilar ftories, ferving to provethat great and uncommon misfortunes have attended thofe per-v fons who have ventured to break or remove them. The fame tale that is told of Sto
RM2AJ72M6–The antiquities of England and Wales . Plan ,L-Puw ofl/wilfi/fye lhjtfe,/i07n an ^IncietUD/vmwty; fornwlv Mviiginy /V Gz?wa7^4rmj(rpng;.>r< </ to JDnwn almt£ rite Jtritpi of Queen Ehzafofli.. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 21 STIVECLE, or STUKELY CHURCH. THE folidity of this building, as well as its circular archesand zig-zag ornaments, evidently mark its great antiquity. Theparticular time of its erecldon is not known j it is however men-tioned as early as the reign of Henry II. when it was given byGeffery de Clinton, chamberlain to that king, to the priory ofKenelworth in Warwickshire, of which h
RM2AJ6WDY–The antiquities of England and Wales . ion of enquiry for that purpofe, viz. <- CERTIFICATE of the decays of the caftle, town andcitadel of Carlifle, by Walter Strykland, Richard Low-ther, John Lamplugh, Anthony Barwick, Alan Belling-ham and Thomas Denton, Efqrs, appointed commiflionersfor the fame, June 12, 1563, Decays within Carlisle Castle. First, the dungeon tower of the caftle, which fiiould beprincipal part and defence thereof, and of the town alfo, on threefides is in decay, that is to fay, on the eaft and weft fides in lengthfixty-fix foot, and on the fouth fide fixty-fix foot in d
RM2AJ7D3T–The antiquities of England and Wales . tryin the reign of Queen Elizabeth j it derives its name from thehead piece ftiled a Morion. No. 9. Different Chanfrins or Cheiffronts, being mafks of ironfor defending the heads of horfes, from the horfe armory in theTower of London. No. 10. A Cuirafs of Plate Mail, compofed of fmall iron platesfattened one over the other, fo as to yield to every motion of thebody, the original is in the collection of curiofities at Don SalterosCoffee Houfe, Chelfea. No. 11. A Complete Suit of Armour fhewn in the Tower ofLondon, and faid to have belonged to John of Gaunt
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