Thalidomide
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Thalidomide is an anti-nausea and sedative drug that was introduced in the late 1950s to be used as a sleeping pill, and was quickly discovered to help pregnant women with the effects of morning sickness. Marketed since 1956 in over 20 countries, FDA medical officer Dr. Frances Kelsey refused to approve the 1960 application to market thalidomide in the US for lack of adequate safety data. It was sold from 1956 until 1962, when it was withdrawn after being found to be a teratogen, which caused many different forms of birth defects. The negative effects of thalidomide led to the development of more structured drug regulations and control over drug use and development.