Manual of chemical analysis as applied to the examination of medicinal chemicals : a guide for the determination of their identity and quality, and for the determination of their identity and quality, and for the detection of impurities and adulterations : for the use of pharmaceutists, physicians, druggists, and manufacturing chemists, and of pharmaceutical and medical students . Tig. 2. In either mode of separation the precipitate, in most in-stances, must be thoroughly freedfrom the menstruum by washingwith water, either on the filter orby decantation. In all cases and operationsof chemical
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Manual of chemical analysis as applied to the examination of medicinal chemicals : a guide for the determination of their identity and quality, and for the determination of their identity and quality, and for the detection of impurities and adulterations : for the use of pharmaceutists, physicians, druggists, and manufacturing chemists, and of pharmaceutical and medical students . Tig. 2. In either mode of separation the precipitate, in most in-stances, must be thoroughly freedfrom the menstruum by washingwith water, either on the filter orby decantation. In all cases and operationsof chemical examination, a rea-.sonable economy with the sub-stance and the solutions is advis-able, so as to leave enough of theformer for unseen contingenciesand for confirmatory tests, asw^ell as to repeat or verify anyand all results of the examina-tion. All tests and reactionsare, therefore, performed on assmall a scale as is reasonable and appropriate in the particular case; and all operations shouldproceed accordingly, and with constant observance of the prin-eioles and processes w^hereon they depend.. Fig. 3. 18 MANUAL OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. RE A GEFTS. The methods of cliemical analysis and investigation consistin bringing the substances under examination into contact withother bodies of known properties, and observing the resultingphenomena. These phenomena consist in alterations, either instate of aggregation, form, or color, resulting from some chemi-cal change. All bodies which are employed for this purposeare called reagents, and the ensuing phenomena reactions. It is obvious, therefore, that a sTrSicient knowledge of theo-retical chemistry in its details, and especially a familiarity withthe deportment, properties, and relations of the common com-pounds and reagents, are indispensable to the pursuit of chemi-cal tests and examinations. Upon such knowledge depend theconception and comprehension of the conditions necessary forthe formation of new compounds, and for the manifest