. How crops grow. A treatise on the chemical composition, structure, and life of the plant, for all students of agriculture ... Agricultural chemistry; Growth (Plants). ELEMENTS OF ORGANIC STEUCTtTEE. 227. nucleus, but ai-e filled with a sap or juice containing citric acid and sugar. Li the pith of the rush, star-shaped cells are found. In common mould the cells are long and thread-like. In the so-called frog-spittle they are cylindrical and attached end to end. In the hark of many trees, in the stems and leaves of grasses, they are square or rectangular. Cotton-fiber, flax and Iiemp consist o
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. How crops grow. A treatise on the chemical composition, structure, and life of the plant, for all students of agriculture ... Agricultural chemistry; Growth (Plants). ELEMENTS OF ORGANIC STEUCTtTEE. 227. nucleus, but ai-e filled with a sap or juice containing citric acid and sugar. Li the pith of the rush, star-shaped cells are found. In common mould the cells are long and thread-like. In the so-called frog-spittle they are cylindrical and attached end to end. In the hark of many trees, in the stems and leaves of grasses, they are square or rectangular. Cotton-fiber, flax and Iiemp consist of long and slender cells, fig. 31. Wood is mostly made up of elongated cells, tapered at the ends and adhering together by their sides. Fig. 49, c. h., p. 271. Each cotton-flber is a siugle cell which forms an external appendage to the seed-vessel of the cot- ton plant. "When it has lost its free water of vegetation and hecome air-drj', its sides collapse and it resembles a twisted strap. A, in fig. 31, exhibits a portion of a cotton-fiber highly magnified. ^ The flax-fiber, from the inner bark of the flax- ^' " â stem, b, flg. 31, is a tube of thicker walls and smaller bore than the cotton-fiber, and hence is more durable than cot- ton. It is very flexible, and even when crushed or bent short, retains much of its original tenacity. Hemp-fiber closely resembles flax-fiber in appearance. Xliiclceniiig of tlie Cell-]Weiinl>raiie.âThe growth of the cell, which, when young, always has a very delicate outer membrane, often results in the thickening of its walls by the interior deposition of cellu- -^ lose and lignin. This thickening may ^^, take place regularly and uniform- S^ ly, or interruptedly. The flax-fiber, (' 6, flg. 31, is an example of nearly ( uniform thickening. The irregular ' _ deposition of cellulose is shown in ^ ~Y ^^ Nr fig. 33, which exhibits a section from Fig. 33. the seeds (cotyledons) of the com- mon nasturtium, {Tropceoluni majus). The original