Bilingual Dublin Connolly railway station sign, Dublin, Ireland.

isiún Uí Chonghaile honours James Connolly in the same way as the English name, and the bilingual board is mounted against the station's older masonry. Connolly is one of two principal central Dublin main-line stations and also sits directly on the DART corridor. Its role as an interchange is strengthened by nearby Luas and bus connections, making the station important far beyond the trains that terminate there. Changes to bus fleets and rail services are increasingly linked to climate policy, with hybrid, electric and higher-capacity public transport intended to reduce reliance on private cars. Dublin's passenger network is not a single system: national rail, DART, commuter trains, Luas and multiple bus operators have to function as a connected whole for journeys across the city region. Irish and English names routinely appear together on transport signs, bringing the Irish language into ordinary daily journeys rather than reserving it for ceremonial or historic contexts. Historic buildings and modern transport systems sit unusually close together in central Dublin, so infrastructure changes often have to work within streets shaped long before mass motor traffic. Street art, commercial signs and transport branding together show a contemporary capital whose visual identity is not confined to Georgian architecture and national monuments.