The spores of Ferns are produced in the sporangia on the underside of the frond. The spores have active flagella that swim in moist environments

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Nick Greaves / Alamy Stock Photo

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2GNR2G1

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5800 x 3867 px | 49.1 x 32.7 cm | 19.3 x 12.9 inches | 300dpi

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23 September 2021

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Scarborough, UK

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The spores of Ferns are produced in the sporangia on the underside of the frond. The spores have active flagella that swim in moist environments to complete the male-ferns life-cycle

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RMRH8HE3–. Botany for high schools. Botany. 368 GENERAL MORPHOLOGY OF PLANTS 532. Cycas.—In cycas the small spore-bearing leaves (micro- sporophylls) are flattened leaves with true sporangia, similar to the spore cases of some of the ferns, scattered over the under. Fig- 364. Fig. 365. Macrosf orangium of Cyc is revoluta. Roentgen photograph of same, show- ing female prothallium. surface of the leaves. These contain the small spores (micro- spores) (fig. 362). The female plants have the large spore- bearing leaves (macrosporophylls, or megasporophylls). These are produced at certain seasons in a rosett

RMPG0BYF–. Our ferns in their haunts; a guide to all the native species. Ferns. THE UNCOILING FRONDS. 17 fern. Instead, there appears a peculiar flat, green, heart- shaped body, scarcely a quarter of an inch across, known 2,% tiQ prothalliiim. On the underside of this are borne two sets of organs and finally by a union of their contents, a new fern is produced. It is small wonder that this complicated process was so long a puzzle to investigators of plants. The knowledge of the subject grew very slowly. In 1648 the nature of the sporangia was first made out, and in 1669 the spores themselves were dis-

RMRDXH7G–. The origin of a land flora, a theory based upon the facts of alternation. Plant morphology. 24 THE LIFE-HISTORY OF A FERN In this connection it is well to note further that the spores are produced upon the leaves fully exposed to the air, and that dry circumstances favour the shedding of the spores : Ferns grown in uniformly moist con- ditions show- how essential a dry period actually is, for their sporangia often do not burst at all. The spores of Todea and of some Hymeno- phyllaceae may even be seen germinating within the sporangium. Such. <^0* I'rrrji E 125 Fig. 8. Dispersion of the sp

RMRDE87Y–. Our ferns in their haunts; a guide to all the native species. Ferns. THE UNCOILING FRONDS. 17 fern. Instead, there appears a peculiar flat, green, heart- shaped body, scarcely a quarter of an inch across, known 2,% tiQ prothalliiim. On the underside of this are borne two sets of organs and finally by a union of their contents, a new fern is produced. It is small wonder that this complicated process was so long a puzzle to investigators of plants. The knowledge of the subject grew very slowly. In 1648 the nature of the sporangia was first made out, and in 1669 the spores themselves were dis-

RMRH936B–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. 372 BOTANY. 490.—The Filicinse may be here arranged under four orders, as follows :* /. IsosporecB. — Spores of one kind. Order 1. Filices, the true Ferns. Sporangia compos- ed of modified tri- chomes, each de- veloped from a sin-. Fig. 256.—Prothallium and young plant antum Cajnllus-Veneris, seen section. ^9,2?, the prothallium hair ; E, the young plant; w, its first root leaf. X about 10.—After Sachs. Adi- m vertical longitudinal a, archegonia; h, root b, its first gle epidermal cell, produced in clusters on the surface of or- dinary or sligh

The spores of Ferns are produced in the sporangia on the underside of the frond. The spores have active flagella that swim in moist environments

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