. The fruits and fruit trees of America : or, The culture, propagation and management, in the garden and orchard, of fruit trees generally, with descriptions of all the finest varieties of fruit, native and foreign, cultivated in this country . Fruit-culture; Fruit. 28 PBOPAGA.TION, as follows : about the last of October, tate cuttings from tba thrifty shoots of a bearing tree, cut out all the buds except two or three at the top, and pare off the bottom of the cutting just below a bud. Lay-in the cuttings in a sheltered border, bury- ing them so that only the two buds at the top are exposed, a
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. The fruits and fruit trees of America : or, The culture, propagation and management, in the garden and orchard, of fruit trees generally, with descriptions of all the finest varieties of fruit, native and foreign, cultivated in this country . Fruit-culture; Fruit. 28 PBOPAGA.TION, as follows : about the last of October, tate cuttings from tba thrifty shoots of a bearing tree, cut out all the buds except two or three at the top, and pare off the bottom of the cutting just below a bud. Lay-in the cuttings in a sheltered border, bury- ing them so that only the two buds at the top are exposed, and covering them with some loose straw or litter. In the spring, make a small hot-bed with very sandy soil in which to plaut the cuttings on taking them out of the ground, or place each one in a small pot in any hot-bed ready at hand, and in a few weeks they will be found to have made roots freely. As a general rule, cuttings succeed best when they are taken off just between the young and the previous year's wood ; or, in the case of young side shoots, when they are cut off close to the branch preserving the collar of the shoot. The lower end should be cut smoothly across just below a bud, the soil should in all cases be pressed firmly about the lower end of the cutting, and it should always be planted before the buds commence swelling, that the wound may in some measure heal before growth and the absorption of fluid commences. Propagation hy Layers and Suckers. A layer may be considered as a cutting not entirely separated from the plant. Layering is a mode of propagation resorted to in increasing some fruit tree stocks, as the Paradise stock, the Muscle Plum, and some kinds which do not grow so well from the seed. Certain varieties of native grape, as the Bland's Virginia, which do not root readily by cuttings, are also raised in this way, and it may be applied to any sort of fruit tree which it is desiraible to continue on its own root without grafting. Fruit trees are genera