. The calumet of the Coteau, and other poetical legends of the border. spasmodic salses ....... The road thence winds along the low foot-hills, sandyterraces, and marshy meadows of the Fire-Hole Riverto a rocky ford between the Fan and Riverside Gey-sers, and thence, as shown upon the map of the UpperGeyser Basin, to Old Faithful, the most reliable ofall known geysers, at the head of the basin, whichour wagon, the first that ever made a track up themain Fire-Hole Valley, reached on the 29th day ofAugust, 1878 As this map shows the relative location and the tabicof geysers,—the character of the
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. The calumet of the Coteau, and other poetical legends of the border. spasmodic salses ....... The road thence winds along the low foot-hills, sandyterraces, and marshy meadows of the Fire-Hole Riverto a rocky ford between the Fan and Riverside Gey-sers, and thence, as shown upon the map of the UpperGeyser Basin, to Old Faithful, the most reliable ofall known geysers, at the head of the basin, whichour wagon, the first that ever made a track up themain Fire-Hole Valley, reached on the 29th day ofAugust, 1878 As this map shows the relative location and the tabicof geysers, —the character of the eruptions of themost prominent of them, —I will here only insert anillustiation of the liee-Hive Geyser in eruption, and quote pages 20 and 21 of my report of 1880 asdescriptive of the usual phenomena of geysers. Miles. Miles. 42 47 SPOUTING OR INTERMITTENT GEYSERS. Without attempting to decide a mooted question among savants asto the true origin of these prominent wonders of the Park, I ventureto state that successive years of careful observation tend toward the. I 256 GUIDE-BOOK OF THE PARK. theory that, like pulsating geysers, salses, fumeroles, and most ofthe other kinds of hot springs, they are primarily escape-vents for theearths pent-up internal fires. In these vents the chemical action ofescaping gas and high-pressure steam produced by contact of thisescaping gas-heat with the permeating surface-water, by dissolvingthe wall-rock increases the heat and enlarges the orifice of thesesmall, tortuous, and otherwise cooling fissure-vents. Slow, but sure and constant, change attends them all, and many, though probably not all of them, at the proper stage become true in-termittent spouting geysers. This can occur only when the orifice isso nicely adjusted in height, size, and form to the power of the es-caping steam and gas in the self-formed chamber beneath, that thepressure of accumulating water for a time nearly or quite preventsits escape except through sympathetic fumero