. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. FIGURE 3. Diagrams to show the cortical response of eggs partially exposed to various reagents, a, unexposed egg. The cortical granules are intact all over the egg. b, an egg exposed to wasp-venom, sodium choleinate or Monogen. c, an egg exposed to fatty acid, non- electrolyte or distilled water, e, equatorial region; u, upper part of the egg adhering closely to glass surface. time and membrane elevation was completed in 2 minutes at 18° C. Too long an exposure to the Monogen solution resulted in cytolysis of the eggs. Howev

. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. FIGURE 3. Diagrams to show the cortical response of eggs partially exposed to various reagents, a, unexposed egg. The cortical granules are intact all over the egg. b, an egg exposed to wasp-venom, sodium choleinate or Monogen. c, an egg exposed to fatty acid, non- electrolyte or distilled water, e, equatorial region; u, upper part of the egg adhering closely to glass surface. time and membrane elevation was completed in 2 minutes at 18° C. Too long an exposure to the Monogen solution resulted in cytolysis of the eggs. Howev

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. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. FIGURE 3. Diagrams to show the cortical response of eggs partially exposed to various reagents, a, unexposed egg. The cortical granules are intact all over the egg. b, an egg exposed to wasp-venom, sodium choleinate or Monogen. c, an egg exposed to fatty acid, non- electrolyte or distilled water, e, equatorial region; u, upper part of the egg adhering closely to glass surface. time and membrane elevation was completed in 2 minutes at 18° C. Too long an exposure to the Monogen solution resulted in cytolysis of the eggs. However, if the eggs were washed with sea water immediately after the membrane was formed, they could be caused to develop into larvae after an appropriate treatment with a hypertonic solution. Thus, Monogen has proved to be an excellent partheno- genetic agent. Lipon, another detergent, consisting chiefly of alkyl sulfonate, has a similar effect. It was found that the result of partial exposure of the egg sur- face to Monogen or Lipon was almost the same as those with wasp-venom and sodium choleinate. These results suggest that the cortical change caused by treatment with wasp- venom, sodium choleinate, Monogen and Lipon is not of a propagating nature. Experiments with fatty acids, non-electrolytes and distilled water Monobasic fatty acids are known to be very effective in inducing membrane for- mation in sea urchin eggs. Experiments were performed employing the technique. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass. ); Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass. ). Annual report 1907/08-1952; Lillie, Frank Rattray, 1870-1947; Moore, Carl Richard, 1892-; Redfield, Alfred Clarence, 1890-1983. Woods Hole, Mass. : Marine Biological Laboratory