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RM2AXF5FE–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 58.—Phyllotaxy apparatus. fifths with blue pencil, and the eighths with red. Side view-. FiG. 59. Now cut leaves of various sizes and number them in order, the smallest being i forconvenience sake,though, of course, it isthe last in growth. Cutthe leaf thus—Fi^. 60. <« Roll up the paral- lelogram to form a petiole. These petioles will slip into the
RMPG215K–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 55° ECOLOGY chies, one stem circuit making a complete round of the spiral; fig. 729). Progres- sively more complicated arrangements are , |, f, ^, the latter meaning, for example, that there are thirteen orthostichies, and that five stem circuits are necessary for a complete round of the spiral, the fourteenth leaf being above the first, etc. Spiral phyllotaxy is advantageous from the standpoint of leaf lighting, since it results in relative remoteness between the members of the same orthostichy; the screw pine {Pandanus) gives
RMW14MTM–Archive image from page 20 of The developmental anatomy of Isoetes. The developmental anatomy of Isoetes . developmentalana31paol Year: 1963 TERMINOLOGY First Ligule Second Leaf y>—Procambium « Sheath of the ' First Leaf Second Root Location of the Furrow Fig. 2. Three stages in the development of a young sporophyte. A. One leaf. B. Two leaves. C. Three leaves. The plane of sectioning in A, B, C is the same plane that contains all the leaf traces while the plant is in a ¥2 phyllotaxy. The basal furrow forms between the first and second roots in a plane at right angles of the plane
RM2AFPGJY–. Lessons with plants. Suggestions for seeing and interpreting some of the common forms of vegetation. Fia. 225.Bacheola of carex. Fig. 224. Pistillate flowerof a carex. Suggestions.—The sedges are even more critical than the grasses,but they are so abundant that the pupil should take pains to ob-serve them. He should at least be able to distinguish them fromgrasses They may be readily distinguished by the phyllotaxy (68).The stems or culms are generally 3-angled, particularly in the 234 liMSSOJVS WITH PLANTS larger kinds, and the foliage is usually harsh or rough. There aremany types of sedge
![. Beginners' botany. Botany. 84 BEGINNERS' BOTANY arrangement, see all sedges. For 5-ranked (which is one of the commonest), see apple, cherry, pear, peach, plum, poplar, willow. For 8-ranked, see holly, osage orange, some willows. More complicated arrangements occur in bulbs, house leeks, and other condensed parts. The buds or " eyes" on a potato tuber, which is an underground stem ^^ (why .''), show a spiral arrangement (Fig. in). The arrangement of leaves on the stem is known as phyllotaxy (literally, "leaf arrange- ment "). Make out the phyllotaxy on six different plant Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG26HM/beginners-botany-botany-84-beginners-botany-arrangement-see-all-sedges-for-5-ranked-which-is-one-of-the-commonest-see-apple-cherry-pear-peach-plum-poplar-willow-for-8-ranked-see-holly-osage-orange-some-willows-more-complicated-arrangements-occur-in-bulbs-house-leeks-and-other-condensed-parts-the-buds-or-quot-eyesquot-on-a-potato-tuber-which-is-an-underground-stem-why-show-a-spiral-arrangement-fig-in-the-arrangement-of-leaves-on-the-stem-is-known-as-phyllotaxy-literally-quotleaf-arrange-ment-quot-make-out-the-phyllotaxy-on-six-different-plant-PG26HM.jpg ". Beginners' botany. Botany. 84 BEGINNERS' BOTANY arrangement, see all sedges. For 5-ranked (which is one of the commonest), see apple, cherry, pear, peach, plum, poplar, willow. For 8-ranked, see holly, osage orange, some willows. More complicated arrangements occur in bulbs, house leeks, and other condensed parts. The buds or " eyes" on a potato tuber, which is an underground stem ^^ (why .''), show a spiral arrangement (Fig. in). The arrangement of leaves on the stem is known as phyllotaxy (literally, "leaf arrange- ment "). Make out the phyllotaxy on six different plant Stock Photo")
RMPG26HM–. Beginners' botany. Botany. 84 BEGINNERS' BOTANY arrangement, see all sedges. For 5-ranked (which is one of the commonest), see apple, cherry, pear, peach, plum, poplar, willow. For 8-ranked, see holly, osage orange, some willows. More complicated arrangements occur in bulbs, house leeks, and other condensed parts. The buds or " eyes" on a potato tuber, which is an underground stem ^^ (why .''), show a spiral arrangement (Fig. in). The arrangement of leaves on the stem is known as phyllotaxy (literally, "leaf arrange- ment "). Make out the phyllotaxy on six different plant
![The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00grayuoft Year: [1887] SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 71 be made out by direct inspection. They may be indirectly ascertained, how- ever, by studying the secondary spirals, as they are called, which usually become conspicuous, at least two series of iheiii, one turning to the right and one to the left, as shown in rig. 191. Eor au account of the way in which the character of the phyllotaxy may be deduced from the secondary spirals, sec Structural Botany, Chapter IV. 193. Phyllotaxy of Opposite and Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RWNKKW/the-elements-of-botany-for-the-elements-of-botany-for-beginners-and-for-schools-elementsofbotany00grayuoft-year-1887-section-7-their-arrangement-71-be-made-out-by-direct-inspection-they-may-be-indirectly-ascertained-how-ever-by-studying-the-secondary-spirals-as-they-are-called-which-usually-become-conspicuous-at-least-two-series-of-iheiii-one-turning-to-the-right-and-one-to-the-left-as-shown-in-rig-191-eor-au-account-of-the-way-in-which-the-character-of-the-phyllotaxy-may-be-deduced-from-the-secondary-spirals-sec-structural-botany-chapter-iv-193-phyllotaxy-of-opposite-and-RWNKKW.jpg "The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00grayuoft Year: [1887] SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 71 be made out by direct inspection. They may be indirectly ascertained, how- ever, by studying the secondary spirals, as they are called, which usually become conspicuous, at least two series of iheiii, one turning to the right and one to the left, as shown in rig. 191. Eor au account of the way in which the character of the phyllotaxy may be deduced from the secondary spirals, sec Structural Botany, Chapter IV. 193. Phyllotaxy of Opposite and Stock Photo")
RMRWNKKW–The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00grayuoft Year: [1887] SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 71 be made out by direct inspection. They may be indirectly ascertained, how- ever, by studying the secondary spirals, as they are called, which usually become conspicuous, at least two series of iheiii, one turning to the right and one to the left, as shown in rig. 191. Eor au account of the way in which the character of the phyllotaxy may be deduced from the secondary spirals, sec Structural Botany, Chapter IV. 193. Phyllotaxy of Opposite and
RM2ANBTAA–Organography of plants, especially of the archegoniatae and spermaphyta . ence of Sti-pules. Concrescence of stipulesappears regularly in many plantsand there are two cases :— [a) Concrescence of stipulesof one and the same leaf; {b) Concrescence of stipulesof adjacent leaves. This can onlytake place, of course, where thereis a cyclic phyllotaxy, and it oc-curs especially where there aredimerous whorls ^ Concrescence of stipules ofone leaf. Fig. 241 shows an example of the concrescence of the stipulesof one and the same leaf. Here instead of two separate stipules we find onescale-like structur
![. The developmental anatomy of Isoetes. Isoetes; Botany. TERMINOLOGY First Ligule. Second Leaf ^y>—Procambium « Sheath of the " First Leaf Second Root Location of the Furrow Fig. 2. Three stages in the development of a young sporophyte. A. One leaf. B. Two leaves. C. Three leaves. The plane of sectioning in A, B, C is the same plane that contains all the leaf traces while the plant is in a ¥2 phyllotaxy. The basal furrow forms between the first and second roots in a plane at right angles of the plane of sectioning of the figures. Schematic. TERMINOLOGY Parke (1959) had discussed t Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PFA996/the-developmental-anatomy-of-isoetes-isoetes-botany-terminology-first-ligule-second-leaf-ygtprocambium-sheath-of-the-quot-first-leaf-second-root-location-of-the-furrow-fig-2-three-stages-in-the-development-of-a-young-sporophyte-a-one-leaf-b-two-leaves-c-three-leaves-the-plane-of-sectioning-in-a-b-c-is-the-same-plane-that-contains-all-the-leaf-traces-while-the-plant-is-in-a-2-phyllotaxy-the-basal-furrow-forms-between-the-first-and-second-roots-in-a-plane-at-right-angles-of-the-plane-of-sectioning-of-the-figures-schematic-terminology-parke-1959-had-discussed-t-PFA996.jpg ". The developmental anatomy of Isoetes. Isoetes; Botany. TERMINOLOGY First Ligule. Second Leaf ^y>—Procambium « Sheath of the " First Leaf Second Root Location of the Furrow Fig. 2. Three stages in the development of a young sporophyte. A. One leaf. B. Two leaves. C. Three leaves. The plane of sectioning in A, B, C is the same plane that contains all the leaf traces while the plant is in a ¥2 phyllotaxy. The basal furrow forms between the first and second roots in a plane at right angles of the plane of sectioning of the figures. Schematic. TERMINOLOGY Parke (1959) had discussed t Stock Photo")
RMPFA996–. The developmental anatomy of Isoetes. Isoetes; Botany. TERMINOLOGY First Ligule. Second Leaf ^y>—Procambium « Sheath of the " First Leaf Second Root Location of the Furrow Fig. 2. Three stages in the development of a young sporophyte. A. One leaf. B. Two leaves. C. Three leaves. The plane of sectioning in A, B, C is the same plane that contains all the leaf traces while the plant is in a ¥2 phyllotaxy. The basal furrow forms between the first and second roots in a plane at right angles of the plane of sectioning of the figures. Schematic. TERMINOLOGY Parke (1959) had discussed t
![The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00grayuoft Year: [1887] SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 69 185. Phyllotaxy of Alternate Leaves. Alternate leaves are distrib- uted along the stem iu an order which is uniform for each species. The arrangement in all its modifications is said to be spiral, because, if we draw a line from the insertion (i. e. the point of attachment) of one leaf to that of the next, and so on, this line will wind spirally around the stem as it rises, and in the same species will always bear the same number of leaves f Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RWNK5M/the-elements-of-botany-for-the-elements-of-botany-for-beginners-and-for-schools-elementsofbotany00grayuoft-year-1887-section-7-their-arrangement-69-185-phyllotaxy-of-alternate-leaves-alternate-leaves-are-distrib-uted-along-the-stem-iu-an-order-which-is-uniform-for-each-species-the-arrangement-in-all-its-modifications-is-said-to-be-spiral-because-if-we-draw-a-line-from-the-insertion-i-e-the-point-of-attachment-of-one-leaf-to-that-of-the-next-and-so-on-this-line-will-wind-spirally-around-the-stem-as-it-rises-and-in-the-same-species-will-always-bear-the-same-number-of-leaves-f-RWNK5M.jpg "The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00grayuoft Year: [1887] SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 69 185. Phyllotaxy of Alternate Leaves. Alternate leaves are distrib- uted along the stem iu an order which is uniform for each species. The arrangement in all its modifications is said to be spiral, because, if we draw a line from the insertion (i. e. the point of attachment) of one leaf to that of the next, and so on, this line will wind spirally around the stem as it rises, and in the same species will always bear the same number of leaves f Stock Photo")
RMRWNK5M–The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00grayuoft Year: [1887] SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 69 185. Phyllotaxy of Alternate Leaves. Alternate leaves are distrib- uted along the stem iu an order which is uniform for each species. The arrangement in all its modifications is said to be spiral, because, if we draw a line from the insertion (i. e. the point of attachment) of one leaf to that of the next, and so on, this line will wind spirally around the stem as it rises, and in the same species will always bear the same number of leaves f
RM2AXF532–Plants and their ways in South Africa . JioseUe ^Section,) Fig. 6i. Stein. Fig. 62.—Branch of Bupleurum difforme, L., showing variety in leaves. 54 Plants and their Ways in South Africa grooves of the corrugated paper, and when you let go theyexpand so as to fit fairly tight. Now put leaf i near the middle, pointing to one of thefifths; go round the spiral, and put the next leaf facing thesecond fifth from the first; and so on, till you have sometwenty leaves in position. The phyllotaxy then becomesevident.
![The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00gray Year: 1887 SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 71 <&&&£ be made out by direct inspection. They may be indirectly ascertained, how- ever, by studying the secondary spirals, as they arc called, winch usually become conspicuous, at least two scries of them, one turning to the right and one to the left, as shown in Fig. 191. For an account of the way in which the character of the phyllotaxy may be deduced from the secondary spirals, see Structural Botany, Chapter IV 193. Phyllotaxy of Opposite and Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RWNK5K/the-elements-of-botany-for-the-elements-of-botany-for-beginners-and-for-schools-elementsofbotany00gray-year-1887-section-7-their-arrangement-71-lt-be-made-out-by-direct-inspection-they-may-be-indirectly-ascertained-how-ever-by-studying-the-secondary-spirals-as-they-arc-called-winch-usually-become-conspicuous-at-least-two-scries-of-them-one-turning-to-the-right-and-one-to-the-left-as-shown-in-fig-191-for-an-account-of-the-way-in-which-the-character-of-the-phyllotaxy-may-be-deduced-from-the-secondary-spirals-see-structural-botany-chapter-iv-193-phyllotaxy-of-opposite-and-RWNK5K.jpg "The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00gray Year: 1887 SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 71 <&&&£ be made out by direct inspection. They may be indirectly ascertained, how- ever, by studying the secondary spirals, as they arc called, winch usually become conspicuous, at least two scries of them, one turning to the right and one to the left, as shown in Fig. 191. For an account of the way in which the character of the phyllotaxy may be deduced from the secondary spirals, see Structural Botany, Chapter IV 193. Phyllotaxy of Opposite and Stock Photo")
RMRWNK5K–The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00gray Year: 1887 SECTION 7.] THEIR ARRANGEMENT. 71 <&&&£ be made out by direct inspection. They may be indirectly ascertained, how- ever, by studying the secondary spirals, as they arc called, winch usually become conspicuous, at least two scries of them, one turning to the right and one to the left, as shown in Fig. 191. For an account of the way in which the character of the phyllotaxy may be deduced from the secondary spirals, see Structural Botany, Chapter IV 193. Phyllotaxy of Opposite and
RM2AKNFW7–The American botanist and florist; including lessons in the structure, life, and growth of plants; together with a simple analytical flora, descriptive of the native and cultivated plants growing in the Atlantic division of the American union . are wholly with-out, two wholly within, and one partly both, or one margin out,the other in, as in the Kose family (422). This accompaniesthe tico-Ji/ths cycle in phyllotaxy, and corresponds preciselywith it, each quincunx being in fact a cycle with its internodessuppressed. (See fig. 300, and § 266.) The Triquetrous^ con-sisting of three leaves in each
RM2AXF5T1–Plants and their ways in South Africa . rd used meaning leaf arrangement.It is sometimes difficult to make out on branches placed hori-zontally, as the leaves borne on the lower side turn so as toface the light. Compare them with upright branches. Instead of drawing spirals, long strips of paper, such astelegraph messages are received on, may be coiled and markedinto divisions and then pulled out to represent the stem. Dr. Kolbe has made an ingenious device for showing phyl-lotaxy, which he has kindly described and illustrated for us. Dr. Kolbes Phyllotaxy Apparatus. Take a strip of corrugated
RM2ANE4MM–Organography of plants, especially of the archegoniatae and spermaphyta . Fig. 109. Thuidium abietinum. Shoot-apex of a budseen in transverse section. After Kienitz-Gerloff. Fig. no. Andreaea rupestris. Young leaf. Thereis no two sided apical cell. Highly magnified. Musci with distichous leaves it is two-sided. This is a derived condition, asFissidens clearly shows. 2. The phyllotaxy is determined by the segmentation of the apical cell. Schwen-deners mechanical hypothesis of position of leaves finds therefore no support in theMusci. Where the phyllotaxy deviates from one-third there is an encr
RM2AG9T5W–. Dedication papers : scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. ld appear to shift from left to right or vice versa. In 30plants the spiral of the phyllotaxy proceeded very regularly from baseto tip in a way that indicated a normal single stem-element (see no.12). Of the 19 plants having the wild plant for a seed parent, 7 werequite normal and in 12 there was a mixed or irregular phyllotaxy. Judged by performance in the Fi generation, the character ofduplication is only incompletely and partially dominant. An inter-mediate typ
RM2AXF4MA–Plants and their ways in South Africa . Fig. 62.—Branch of Bupleurum difforme, L., showing variety in leaves. 54 Plants and their Ways in South Africa grooves of the corrugated paper, and when you let go theyexpand so as to fit fairly tight. Now put leaf i near the middle, pointing to one of thefifths; go round the spiral, and put the next leaf facing thesecond fifth from the first; and so on, till you have sometwenty leaves in position. The phyllotaxy then becomesevident.. Fig. d-i.—Scabiosa. The cul upper Fig. 64.—Branch of Rhus, showing theleaves allow the light to penetrate simple leaf at
RM2CEN5KA–. The classification of flowering plants. urope and America. The stem, with itswide-spreading branches, may reach a height of nearly 100 feet,and the trunk may have a girth of 25 feet. Specimens can beseen in botanic and other gardens. The leaves are scattered on long shoots or crowded at theapex of short shoots. The phyllotaxy of the long shoots maybe |, |, or ^; each leaf subtends a bud, which in the thirdyear often develops into a short shoot bearing a few crowdedleaves. The short shoot grows slowly from year to year, bearingan apical group of leaves, while the older portion is coveredwith
RMRE1RHH–. A manual of Indian botany. Botany. THE LEAF SI the distichous arrangement, one cycle includes two leaves arranged in two orthostichies and one complete turn of the spiral line round the stem: the numerator of the fraction J, used to designate this phyllo- taxy, indicates the number of complete turns of the spiral round the stem to form one cycle, and the denominator the number of leaves or, what is the same, the number of orthostichies in the cycle. In the tristichous phyllotaxy, denoted by fraction J, one cycle includes three leaves arranged in three orthostichies and one complete turn of t
RMRE2ERF–. Fundamentals of botany. Botany. SEED-BEARING PLANTS 497 The roughness of the surface is caused by the persistence of the styles and the fleshy sepals. The family is divided into several sub-families on the basis of various structural differences, such as phyllotaxy, venation of leaves, presence or absence of milky juice, presence or absence of perianth, and others.. Fig. 381.—Cocoanut palms along the beach. Philippine Islands. (Photo from Bureau of Science, Manila.) 432. Orchid Family (Orchidaceae).—The Orchidaceae are the most highly developed of all monocotyledons. No flower surpasses the
RMRH955R–. Botany for secondary schools; a guide to the knowledge of the vegetation of the neighborhood. Plants. 108 MORPHOLOGY. 1G4. The thorns are in the axils of leaves. leaf-like members have buds (which produce branches) in their axils, and they have the arrangement or phyllotaxy of leaves; therefore they are considered to be true leaf parts. But they stand edgewise as if they might be pet- ioles; sometimes they bear leaf- blades; other acacias have com- pound expanded leaves; there are intermediate forms or gradations between different acacias; young seedlings sometimes show intermediate forms. F
RMRH9557–. Botany for secondary schools; a guide to the knowledge of the vegetation of the neighborhood. Plants. 1G4. The thorns are in the axils of leaves. leaf-like members have buds (which produce branches) in their axils, and they have the arrangement or phyllotaxy of leaves; therefore they are considered to be true leaf parts. But they stand edgewise as if they might be pet- ioles; sometimes they bear leaf- blades; other acacias have com- pound expanded leaves; there are intermediate forms or gradations between different acacias; young seedlings sometimes show intermediate forms. From all the evid
RMREKNWN–. Class-book of botany: being outlines of the structure, physiology and classification of plants; with a flora of the United States and Canada. Botany; Plants; Plants. PHYLLOTAXY, OR LEAF-ARRANGEMENT. 47 221. Position upon the stem. Leaves are radical when they grow out of the stem at or beneath the surface of the ground, so as to appear to grow from the roots ; cauline when they grow from the stem, and ramial [ramus, a branch), when from the branches. 222. Insertion upon the axis. The arrangement of the scales and young leaves in the bud appears to be in close, contiguous circles. By the deve
RMRDH0MN–. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 55° ECOLOGY chies, one stem circuit making a complete round of the spiral; fig. 729). Progres- sively more complicated arrangements are , |, f, ^, the latter meaning, for example, that there are thirteen orthostichies, and that five stem circuits are necessary for a complete round of the spiral, the fourteenth leaf being above the first, etc. Spiral phyllotaxy is advantageous from the standpoint of leaf lighting, since it results in relative remoteness between the members of the same orthostichy; the screw pine {Pandanus) gives
![. Class-book of botany [microform] : being outlines of the structures, physiology, and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada. Botany; Botany; Plants; Plants; Botanique; Botanique; Plantes; Botanique. PHYLLOTAXY, OR LEAF-ARRANGEMENT. 47 221. Position upon the stem. Leaves are radical when they grow out of the stem at or beneath the surface of the ground, so as to appear to grow from the roots; cauline when they grow from the stem, and ramial (ramus, a branch), when from the branches. 222. Insertion upon the axis. The arrangement of the scales and young leaves i Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ1Y48/class-book-of-botany-microform-being-outlines-of-the-structures-physiology-and-classification-of-plants-with-a-flora-of-the-united-states-and-canada-botany-botany-plants-plants-botanique-botanique-plantes-botanique-phyllotaxy-or-leaf-arrangement-47-221-position-upon-the-stem-leaves-are-radical-when-they-grow-out-of-the-stem-at-or-beneath-the-surface-of-the-ground-so-as-to-appear-to-grow-from-the-roots-cauline-when-they-grow-from-the-stem-and-ramial-ramus-a-branch-when-from-the-branches-222-insertion-upon-the-axis-the-arrangement-of-the-scales-and-young-leaves-i-RJ1Y48.jpg ". Class-book of botany [microform] : being outlines of the structures, physiology, and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada. Botany; Botany; Plants; Plants; Botanique; Botanique; Plantes; Botanique. PHYLLOTAXY, OR LEAF-ARRANGEMENT. 47 221. Position upon the stem. Leaves are radical when they grow out of the stem at or beneath the surface of the ground, so as to appear to grow from the roots; cauline when they grow from the stem, and ramial (ramus, a branch), when from the branches. 222. Insertion upon the axis. The arrangement of the scales and young leaves i Stock Photo")
RMRJ1Y48–. Class-book of botany [microform] : being outlines of the structures, physiology, and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada. Botany; Botany; Plants; Plants; Botanique; Botanique; Plantes; Botanique. PHYLLOTAXY, OR LEAF-ARRANGEMENT. 47 221. Position upon the stem. Leaves are radical when they grow out of the stem at or beneath the surface of the ground, so as to appear to grow from the roots; cauline when they grow from the stem, and ramial (ramus, a branch), when from the branches. 222. Insertion upon the axis. The arrangement of the scales and young leaves i
RMRFRW90–. Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. THE WATERLTLIES. long at its summit. This is followed by a second internode, much shorter, 0.3 to 1.3 cm. long, and this bears the tuft of leaves and roots which are the beginning of a new plant. If these shoots are detached, other shoots develop, and so on almost indefinitely, even from a tuber no bigger than the end of one's thumb. Phyllotaxy in the Nymphaeas presents some peculiarities. As might be expected, forms with elongated rhizomes (Eu-castalia) have the simpler orders of leaf arrangement, and where dorso-ventrality appears leaf scars
RMREK9KH–. Class-book of botany : being outlines of the structure, physiology and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada. Botany; Botany; Botany. PHYLLOTAXY, OR LEAF-ARRANGEMBNT. 47 221. Position upon the stem. Leaves are radical when they grow- out of the stem at or beneath the surface of the ground, so as to appear to grow froin the roots ; cauline when they grow from the stem, and ramial {ramus, a branch), when from the branches. 2:22. Insertion* upon the axis. The arrangement of the scales and young leaves in the bud appeals to be in close, contiguous circles. By th
RMRE0T56–. Botany all the year round; a practical text-book for schools. Botany. PHYLLOTAXY, OR LEAF ARRANGEMENT 45 On the other hand, where the internodes are long or the vertical rows few, the leaves tend to assume more broad and rounded shapes, as in the cotton, hollyhock, sunflower, etc. If the blades are much cut and lobed, so that the. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Andrews, Eliza Frances, b. 1840. New York, C
![. A general system of botany, descriptive and analytical. In two parts. Part I. Outlines of organography, anatomy, and physiology. Part II. Descriptions and illustrations of the orders. By Emm. Le Maout [and] J. Decaisne. With 5500 figures by L. Steinheil and A. Riocreux. Translated from the original by Mrs. Hooker. The orders arranged after the method followed in the universities and schools of Great Britain, its colonies, America, and India; with additions, an appendix on the natural method, and a synopsis of the orders, by J.D. Hooker. Botany. PHYLLOTAXY. 83 angle of divergence is -^^, whic Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDXKHD/a-general-system-of-botany-descriptive-and-analytical-in-two-parts-part-i-outlines-of-organography-anatomy-and-physiology-part-ii-descriptions-and-illustrations-of-the-orders-by-emm-le-maout-and-j-decaisne-with-5500-figures-by-l-steinheil-and-a-riocreux-translated-from-the-original-by-mrs-hooker-the-orders-arranged-after-the-method-followed-in-the-universities-and-schools-of-great-britain-its-colonies-america-and-india-with-additions-an-appendix-on-the-natural-method-and-a-synopsis-of-the-orders-by-jd-hooker-botany-phyllotaxy-83-angle-of-divergence-is-whic-RDXKHD.jpg ". A general system of botany, descriptive and analytical. In two parts. Part I. Outlines of organography, anatomy, and physiology. Part II. Descriptions and illustrations of the orders. By Emm. Le Maout [and] J. Decaisne. With 5500 figures by L. Steinheil and A. Riocreux. Translated from the original by Mrs. Hooker. The orders arranged after the method followed in the universities and schools of Great Britain, its colonies, America, and India; with additions, an appendix on the natural method, and a synopsis of the orders, by J.D. Hooker. Botany. PHYLLOTAXY. 83 angle of divergence is -^^, whic Stock Photo")
RMRDXKHD–. A general system of botany, descriptive and analytical. In two parts. Part I. Outlines of organography, anatomy, and physiology. Part II. Descriptions and illustrations of the orders. By Emm. Le Maout [and] J. Decaisne. With 5500 figures by L. Steinheil and A. Riocreux. Translated from the original by Mrs. Hooker. The orders arranged after the method followed in the universities and schools of Great Britain, its colonies, America, and India; with additions, an appendix on the natural method, and a synopsis of the orders, by J.D. Hooker. Botany. PHYLLOTAXY. 83 angle of divergence is -^^, whic
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