Words morning coffee created with coffee beans over a white background
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. Inheritance in maize . At left, No. 24 Rhode Island white cap (white endosperm), at right.No. 15 Longfellow (j-ellow endosperm). In center, hybrid showingdominance of vellow. Below. F2 seeds showing segregation.. b. An ear showing dominance of red pericarp in F^. The pericarp has beenremoved from two rows of seeds, showing mono-hybrid segrega-tion of F2 endosperms beneath it into yellow and non-yellow. Segregation of Yellow and Non-Yellow Endosperm. PLATE VI.
. Inheritance in maize . At left, No. 24 Rhode Island white cap (white endosperm), at right.No. 15 Longfellow (j-ellow endosperm). In center, hybrid showingdominance of vellow. Below. F2 seeds showing segregation.. b. An ear showing dominance of red pericarp in F^. The pericarp has beenremoved from two rows of seeds, showing mono-hybrid segrega-tion of F2 endosperms beneath it into yellow and non-yellow. Segregation of Yellow and Non-Yellow Endosperm. PLATE VI. https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/inheritance-in-maize-at-left-no-24-rhode-island-white-cap-white-endosperm-at-rightno-15-longfellow-j-ellow-endosperm-in-center-hybrid-showingdominance-of-vellow-below-f2-seeds-showing-segregation-b-an-ear-showing-dominance-of-red-pericarp-in-f-the-pericarp-has-beenremoved-from-two-rows-of-seeds-showing-mono-hybrid-segrega-tion-of-f2-endosperms-beneath-it-into-yellow-and-non-yellow-segregation-of-yellow-and-non-yellow-endosperm-plate-vi-image369765372.html
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. SEED COAT 469 phytic tissue in the seeds of Angiosperms comparable to that in the seeds of Gymnosperms. The endosperm in the seeds of Gymnosperms is simply the portion of the gametophyte that. Fig. 414. — The life cycle of Angiosperms illustrated by the life cycle of Red Clover. At the left in the line above, a branch of Red Clover with heads of flowers (X I); next, a vertical section through a flower, showing the floral structures; at the right, a section of an anther, a pollen grain, and a pollen grain with tube and male gametophyte developed. At
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. SEED COAT 469 phytic tissue in the seeds of Angiosperms comparable to that in the seeds of Gymnosperms. The endosperm in the seeds of Gymnosperms is simply the portion of the gametophyte that. Fig. 414. — The life cycle of Angiosperms illustrated by the life cycle of Red Clover. At the left in the line above, a branch of Red Clover with heads of flowers (X I); next, a vertical section through a flower, showing the floral structures; at the right, a section of an anther, a pollen grain, and a pollen grain with tube and male gametophyte developed. At https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-agricultural-students-botany-seed-coat-469-phytic-tissue-in-the-seeds-of-angiosperms-comparable-to-that-in-the-seeds-of-gymnosperms-the-endosperm-in-the-seeds-of-gymnosperms-is-simply-the-portion-of-the-gametophyte-that-fig-414-the-life-cycle-of-angiosperms-illustrated-by-the-life-cycle-of-red-clover-at-the-left-in-the-line-above-a-branch-of-red-clover-with-heads-of-flowers-x-i-next-a-vertical-section-through-a-flower-showing-the-floral-structures-at-the-right-a-section-of-an-anther-a-pollen-grain-and-a-pollen-grain-with-tube-and-male-gametophyte-developed-at-image216447746.html
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. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . rp consists of a dense sclerenchyma zone between outerand inner multicellular parenchyma layers {p). Many of the scleren- i6o tVEBO SEEDS. chyma cells after maceration display characteristic side branches (//).Curious netted cells form the innermost layer of the mesocarp. 3. The Etidocarp consists of narrow cross cells (Q). The Spermoderm lacks distinctive elements. The Endosperm (///) contains aleurone grains with conspicuousrosettes of calcium oxalate {IV). BIBLIOGRAPH
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . rp consists of a dense sclerenchyma zone between outerand inner multicellular parenchyma layers {p). Many of the scleren- i6o tVEBO SEEDS. chyma cells after maceration display characteristic side branches (//).Curious netted cells form the innermost layer of the mesocarp. 3. The Etidocarp consists of narrow cross cells (Q). The Spermoderm lacks distinctive elements. The Endosperm (///) contains aleurone grains with conspicuousrosettes of calcium oxalate {IV). BIBLIOGRAPH https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-microscopy-of-vegetable-foods-with-special-reference-to-the-detection-of-adulteration-and-the-diagnosis-of-mixtures-rp-consists-of-a-dense-sclerenchyma-zone-between-outerand-inner-multicellular-parenchyma-layers-p-many-of-the-scleren-i6o-tvebo-seeds-chyma-cells-after-maceration-display-characteristic-side-branches-curious-netted-cells-form-the-innermost-layer-of-the-mesocarp-3-the-etidocarp-consists-of-narrow-cross-cells-q-the-spermoderm-lacks-distinctive-elements-the-endosperm-contains-aleurone-grains-with-conspicuousrosettes-of-calcium-oxalate-iv-bibliograph-image369615673.html
. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. 146 KEY AND FLORA or twice as many. Fruit a 3-lobed capsule. Seeds containing fleshy or oily endosperm. Most of the family are natives of hot regions, many of them of peculiar aspect from their adap- tation to life in dry climates. [The family is too difficult for the beginner in botany to determine many of its genera and species with certainty, but a few are described below.J I. JATROPHA L. Shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate. Flowers monoecious, staminate and pistillate intermixed in the cymes, apetalous. Calyx large, white, 6-lobed, corolla-like. Stamen
. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. 146 KEY AND FLORA or twice as many. Fruit a 3-lobed capsule. Seeds containing fleshy or oily endosperm. Most of the family are natives of hot regions, many of them of peculiar aspect from their adap- tation to life in dry climates. [The family is too difficult for the beginner in botany to determine many of its genera and species with certainty, but a few are described below.J I. JATROPHA L. Shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate. Flowers monoecious, staminate and pistillate intermixed in the cymes, apetalous. Calyx large, white, 6-lobed, corolla-like. Stamen https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/essentials-of-botany-botany-botany-146-key-and-flora-or-twice-as-many-fruit-a-3-lobed-capsule-seeds-containing-fleshy-or-oily-endosperm-most-of-the-family-are-natives-of-hot-regions-many-of-them-of-peculiar-aspect-from-their-adap-tation-to-life-in-dry-climates-the-family-is-too-difficult-for-the-beginner-in-botany-to-determine-many-of-its-genera-and-species-with-certainty-but-a-few-are-described-belowj-i-jatropha-l-shrubs-or-herbs-leaves-alternate-flowers-monoecious-staminate-and-pistillate-intermixed-in-the-cymes-apetalous-calyx-large-white-6-lobed-corolla-like-stamen-image216444210.html
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. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. (/ YMNOSPERM^. 403 iogue of a macrospore, which here is not freed from the parent plant. The endosperm clearly bears the same rela- tion to the embryo sac as the prothallium of Isoetes does to the-macrospore f and the corpuscula are slightly modified archegonia. In some corpuscula the resemblance to arche- gonia is very marked, the germ-cell below being surmounted by a short neck; Strasburger has even discovered a rudi- mentary axial-cell, thus completing the correspondence of these organs to those of the higher Pteridophytes. 512;—Fertilization
. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. (/ YMNOSPERM^. 403 iogue of a macrospore, which here is not freed from the parent plant. The endosperm clearly bears the same rela- tion to the embryo sac as the prothallium of Isoetes does to the-macrospore f and the corpuscula are slightly modified archegonia. In some corpuscula the resemblance to arche- gonia is very marked, the germ-cell below being surmounted by a short neck; Strasburger has even discovered a rudi- mentary axial-cell, thus completing the correspondence of these organs to those of the higher Pteridophytes. 512;—Fertilization https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-high-schools-and-colleges-botany-ymnosperm-403-iogue-of-a-macrospore-which-here-is-not-freed-from-the-parent-plant-the-endosperm-clearly-bears-the-same-rela-tion-to-the-embryo-sac-as-the-prothallium-of-isoetes-does-to-the-macrospore-f-and-the-corpuscula-are-slightly-modified-archegonia-in-some-corpuscula-the-resemblance-to-arche-gonia-is-very-marked-the-germ-cell-below-being-surmounted-by-a-short-neck-strasburger-has-even-discovered-a-rudi-mentary-axial-cell-thus-completing-the-correspondence-of-these-organs-to-those-of-the-higher-pteridophytes-512fertilization-image232271852.html
. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. Coconut 147 subulate. The fruit is large, smooth, 3-angled, often 3 dm. long, with a thick, fibrous husk enclosing the oblong bony hollow nut, which has 3 orifices near the end and is lined with the sweet white endosperm and filled witb a sweet limpid juice, much prized as a delicious drink. This palm is the most important member of its family, at least from an econom- ical standpoint, its useful applications being remark
. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. Coconut 147 subulate. The fruit is large, smooth, 3-angled, often 3 dm. long, with a thick, fibrous husk enclosing the oblong bony hollow nut, which has 3 orifices near the end and is lined with the sweet white endosperm and filled witb a sweet limpid juice, much prized as a delicious drink. This palm is the most important member of its family, at least from an econom- ical standpoint, its useful applications being remark https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/north-american-trees-being-descriptions-and-illustrations-of-the-trees-growing-independently-of-cultivation-in-north-america-north-of-mexico-and-the-west-indies-trees-coconut-147-subulate-the-fruit-is-large-smooth-3-angled-often-3-dm-long-with-a-thick-fibrous-husk-enclosing-the-oblong-bony-hollow-nut-which-has-3-orifices-near-the-end-and-is-lined-with-the-sweet-white-endosperm-and-filled-witb-a-sweet-limpid-juice-much-prized-as-a-delicious-drink-this-palm-is-the-most-important-member-of-its-family-at-least-from-an-econom-ical-standpoint-its-useful-applications-being-remark-image216392030.html
Words morning coffee created with coffee beans over a white background
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. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 391 the power to grow and form a tissue that supplements the anti- podal cells and so takes the place of the nourishing gametophyte of the gymnosperms. According to this view, the endosperm is a delayed prothallial growth which does not take place until fertilization is effected. There is considerable evidence to justify. Fig. 271. Section of a megasporangium of lily, showing the mature female gametophyte: 9, female gamete, below which are two synergids; p, the two polar nuclei uniting to form the endosperm nucleus; a, antipodal
. Nature and development of plants. Botany. DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS 391 the power to grow and form a tissue that supplements the anti- podal cells and so takes the place of the nourishing gametophyte of the gymnosperms. According to this view, the endosperm is a delayed prothallial growth which does not take place until fertilization is effected. There is considerable evidence to justify. Fig. 271. Section of a megasporangium of lily, showing the mature female gametophyte: 9, female gamete, below which are two synergids; p, the two polar nuclei uniting to form the endosperm nucleus; a, antipodal https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/nature-and-development-of-plants-botany-development-of-plants-391-the-power-to-grow-and-form-a-tissue-that-supplements-the-anti-podal-cells-and-so-takes-the-place-of-the-nourishing-gametophyte-of-the-gymnosperms-according-to-this-view-the-endosperm-is-a-delayed-prothallial-growth-which-does-not-take-place-until-fertilization-is-effected-there-is-considerable-evidence-to-justify-fig-271-section-of-a-megasporangium-of-lily-showing-the-mature-female-gametophyte-9-female-gamete-below-which-are-two-synergids-p-the-two-polar-nuclei-uniting-to-form-the-endosperm-nucleus-a-antipodal-image232357579.html
. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. are produced in very great numbers, as many as 18,000,000 by a single plant. The pollen begins to be shed one to three days before the silk emerges from between the husks, and continues to fall for eight days, more or less, although the silk is pol- lenized usually on the first day of its appearance. The egg apparatus in the ovule of maize consists of three cells, and in the center of the embryo-sac is an endosperm nucleus. The fertilization of the egg cell results in the formation of the corn em- bryo, while the double fertilization of th
. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. are produced in very great numbers, as many as 18,000,000 by a single plant. The pollen begins to be shed one to three days before the silk emerges from between the husks, and continues to fall for eight days, more or less, although the silk is pol- lenized usually on the first day of its appearance. The egg apparatus in the ovule of maize consists of three cells, and in the center of the embryo-sac is an endosperm nucleus. The fertilization of the egg cell results in the formation of the corn em- bryo, while the double fertilization of th https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/cyclopedia-of-farm-crops-farm-produce-agriculture-are-produced-in-very-great-numbers-as-many-as-18000000-by-a-single-plant-the-pollen-begins-to-be-shed-one-to-three-days-before-the-silk-emerges-from-between-the-husks-and-continues-to-fall-for-eight-days-more-or-less-although-the-silk-is-pol-lenized-usually-on-the-first-day-of-its-appearance-the-egg-apparatus-in-the-ovule-of-maize-consists-of-three-cells-and-in-the-center-of-the-embryo-sac-is-an-endosperm-nucleus-the-fertilization-of-the-egg-cell-results-in-the-formation-of-the-corn-em-bryo-while-the-double-fertilization-of-th-image216170146.html
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. The cell in development and inheritance. Cells. DETAILS OF MITOSIS 99 Normal multipolar mitoses, though rare, sometimes occu'-,'as in the division of the pollen-mother-cells and the endosperm-cells of flower- ing plants (Strasburger); but such mitotic figures arise through the union of two or more bipolar amphiasters in a syncytium and are due to a rapid succession of the nuclear divisions unaccompanied by fission of the cell-substance. These are not to be confounded with pathological mitoses arising by premature or abnormal division of the centrosome. If one centrosome divide, while the oth
. The cell in development and inheritance. Cells. DETAILS OF MITOSIS 99 Normal multipolar mitoses, though rare, sometimes occu'-,'as in the division of the pollen-mother-cells and the endosperm-cells of flower- ing plants (Strasburger); but such mitotic figures arise through the union of two or more bipolar amphiasters in a syncytium and are due to a rapid succession of the nuclear divisions unaccompanied by fission of the cell-substance. These are not to be confounded with pathological mitoses arising by premature or abnormal division of the centrosome. If one centrosome divide, while the oth https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-cell-in-development-and-inheritance-cells-details-of-mitosis-99-normal-multipolar-mitoses-though-rare-sometimes-occu-as-in-the-division-of-the-pollen-mother-cells-and-the-endosperm-cells-of-flower-ing-plants-strasburger-but-such-mitotic-figures-arise-through-the-union-of-two-or-more-bipolar-amphiasters-in-a-syncytium-and-are-due-to-a-rapid-succession-of-the-nuclear-divisions-unaccompanied-by-fission-of-the-cell-substance-these-are-not-to-be-confounded-with-pathological-mitoses-arising-by-premature-or-abnormal-division-of-the-centrosome-if-one-centrosome-divide-while-the-oth-image235087255.html
. The book of alfalfa; history, cultivation and merits. Its uses as a forage and fertilizer. Alfalfa. Alfalfa and Dodder Seed. Actual Size. Dodder, Cuscnta epithymum (a) A group of seeds, showing comparative forms and relative size (enlarged); (b) a group showing the natural size ; (c) the embryo removed from the seed, showing the form it usual- ly assumes ; (d) a section of a seed, showing the manner in which the embryo lies imbedded in the endosperm.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and ap
. The book of alfalfa; history, cultivation and merits. Its uses as a forage and fertilizer. Alfalfa. Alfalfa and Dodder Seed. Actual Size. Dodder, Cuscnta epithymum (a) A group of seeds, showing comparative forms and relative size (enlarged); (b) a group showing the natural size ; (c) the embryo removed from the seed, showing the form it usual- ly assumes ; (d) a section of a seed, showing the manner in which the embryo lies imbedded in the endosperm.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and ap https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-book-of-alfalfa-history-cultivation-and-merits-its-uses-as-a-forage-and-fertilizer-alfalfa-alfalfa-and-dodder-seed-actual-size-dodder-cuscnta-epithymum-a-a-group-of-seeds-showing-comparative-forms-and-relative-size-enlarged-b-a-group-showing-the-natural-size-c-the-embryo-removed-from-the-seed-showing-the-form-it-usual-ly-assumes-d-a-section-of-a-seed-showing-the-manner-in-which-the-embryo-lies-imbedded-in-the-endosperm-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-ap-image216321903.html
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. Grasses of North America [microform] : chapters on the physiology, composition, selection, improving and cultivation of grasses, management of grass lands, also chapters on clovers, injurious insects and fungi. Grasses; Forage plants; Graminées; Plantes fourragères. 49 THE SEED. endosperm. The starch in the plant takes the place of milk to the colt, calf, or pig. The milk is secreted by the mother animal; the starch was formed in the leaves of the mother plant and deposited in the seed for future use of the seedling. As tlie water ram needs some water to move it, to enable it to send some of
. Grasses of North America [microform] : chapters on the physiology, composition, selection, improving and cultivation of grasses, management of grass lands, also chapters on clovers, injurious insects and fungi. Grasses; Forage plants; Graminées; Plantes fourragères. 49 THE SEED. endosperm. The starch in the plant takes the place of milk to the colt, calf, or pig. The milk is secreted by the mother animal; the starch was formed in the leaves of the mother plant and deposited in the seed for future use of the seedling. As tlie water ram needs some water to move it, to enable it to send some of https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/grasses-of-north-america-microform-chapters-on-the-physiology-composition-selection-improving-and-cultivation-of-grasses-management-of-grass-lands-also-chapters-on-clovers-injurious-insects-and-fungi-grasses-forage-plants-gramines-plantes-fourragres-49-the-seed-endosperm-the-starch-in-the-plant-takes-the-place-of-milk-to-the-colt-calf-or-pig-the-milk-is-secreted-by-the-mother-animal-the-starch-was-formed-in-the-leaves-of-the-mother-plant-and-deposited-in-the-seed-for-future-use-of-the-seedling-as-tlie-water-ram-needs-some-water-to-move-it-to-enable-it-to-send-some-of-image234947240.html
. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. Figs. 299, 300.—Thuja occidentalis: archegonium complex; fig. 299, longitudinal section of upper portion of endosperm with three of the elongated archegonium initials; X4S0; fig. 300, later stage with necks breaking down; the nuclei of the central cells have not yet divided to form the ventral canal nucleus and the egg nucleus; the pollen tube, with its body cell and stalk and tube nuclei, has almost reached the archegonium coiQDlez: X.S40.—^After Land (72).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that ma
. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. Figs. 299, 300.—Thuja occidentalis: archegonium complex; fig. 299, longitudinal section of upper portion of endosperm with three of the elongated archegonium initials; X4S0; fig. 300, later stage with necks breaking down; the nuclei of the central cells have not yet divided to form the ventral canal nucleus and the egg nucleus; the pollen tube, with its body cell and stalk and tube nuclei, has almost reached the archegonium coiQDlez: X.S40.—^After Land (72).. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that ma https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/morphology-of-gymnosperms-gymnosperms-plant-morphology-figs-299-300thuja-occidentalis-archegonium-complex-fig-299-longitudinal-section-of-upper-portion-of-endosperm-with-three-of-the-elongated-archegonium-initials-x4s0-fig-300-later-stage-with-necks-breaking-down-the-nuclei-of-the-central-cells-have-not-yet-divided-to-form-the-ventral-canal-nucleus-and-the-egg-nucleus-the-pollen-tube-with-its-body-cell-and-stalk-and-tube-nuclei-has-almost-reached-the-archegonium-coiqdlez-xs40after-land-72-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-ma-image216417657.html
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Plant-breeding; comments on the experiments of Nilsson and Burbank . s assumed by Darwin to Ijc the nearest relative ofthe hvpothetical ancestors of the whole group, since corn isthe only species in the family of the grains, which possessesnaked kernels. The pop corn is easily recognized by the small size ofthe kernels and ear and by the excessive proportion of thehornv or corneous endosperm, which, in the best varieties, isso well developed that it wholly excludes the starchy tissues.This gives the property of popping, by which process thekernel is burst and the contents turned inside out. Th
Plant-breeding; comments on the experiments of Nilsson and Burbank . s assumed by Darwin to Ijc the nearest relative ofthe hvpothetical ancestors of the whole group, since corn isthe only species in the family of the grains, which possessesnaked kernels. The pop corn is easily recognized by the small size ofthe kernels and ear and by the excessive proportion of thehornv or corneous endosperm, which, in the best varieties, isso well developed that it wholly excludes the starchy tissues.This gives the property of popping, by which process thekernel is burst and the contents turned inside out. Th https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/plant-breeding-comments-on-the-experiments-of-nilsson-and-burbank-s-assumed-by-darwin-to-ijc-the-nearest-relative-ofthe-hvpothetical-ancestors-of-the-whole-group-since-corn-isthe-only-species-in-the-family-of-the-grains-which-possessesnaked-kernels-the-pop-corn-is-easily-recognized-by-the-small-size-ofthe-kernels-and-ear-and-by-the-excessive-proportion-of-thehornv-or-corneous-endosperm-which-in-the-best-varieties-isso-well-developed-that-it-wholly-excludes-the-starchy-tissuesthis-gives-the-property-of-popping-by-which-process-thekernel-is-burst-and-the-contents-turned-inside-out-th-image339154195.html
. The botany of crop plants : a text and reference book. Botany, Economic. 286 BOTANY OF CROP PLANTS pericarp is hard or leathery. The single seed in each fruit assumes the shape of the pericarp; the seed coat (testa) is membranaceous, the endosperm is abundant and mealy, and the embryo is straight or curved. Rey to Principal Genera Flowers subtended by involucres; ocreae wanting, Eriogonum. Flowers not subtended by involucres; ocreas present. Calyx six-parted (rarely four). Stamens nine (very rarely six), Rheum (rhubarb). Stamens six, Rumex (dock). Calyx five-parted (rarely four). Achene much
. The botany of crop plants : a text and reference book. Botany, Economic. 286 BOTANY OF CROP PLANTS pericarp is hard or leathery. The single seed in each fruit assumes the shape of the pericarp; the seed coat (testa) is membranaceous, the endosperm is abundant and mealy, and the embryo is straight or curved. Rey to Principal Genera Flowers subtended by involucres; ocreae wanting, Eriogonum. Flowers not subtended by involucres; ocreas present. Calyx six-parted (rarely four). Stamens nine (very rarely six), Rheum (rhubarb). Stamens six, Rumex (dock). Calyx five-parted (rarely four). Achene much https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-botany-of-crop-plants-a-text-and-reference-book-botany-economic-286-botany-of-crop-plants-pericarp-is-hard-or-leathery-the-single-seed-in-each-fruit-assumes-the-shape-of-the-pericarp-the-seed-coat-testa-is-membranaceous-the-endosperm-is-abundant-and-mealy-and-the-embryo-is-straight-or-curved-rey-to-principal-genera-flowers-subtended-by-involucres-ocreae-wanting-eriogonum-flowers-not-subtended-by-involucres-ocreas-present-calyx-six-parted-rarely-four-stamens-nine-very-rarely-six-rheum-rhubarb-stamens-six-rumex-dock-calyx-five-parted-rarely-four-achene-much-image216371605.html
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. Botany for high schools. Botany. PARTS OF SEEDS: THE CASTOR BEAN 5 endosperm,* which is covered by a thin papery material.t The embryo lies within the endosperm; its radicle at the end next the caruncle. The two cotyledons are thin and covered by the endosperm. 6. Germination of the castor bean—The spongy substance of the caruncle becomes much swollen by absorption of water. In germination the swelling of the embryo and endosperm by the absorption of water bursts the rigid seed coat causing it to crack lengthwise, so that a portion of the endosperm can be seen through the crack. The radicle
. Botany for high schools. Botany. PARTS OF SEEDS: THE CASTOR BEAN 5 endosperm,* which is covered by a thin papery material.t The embryo lies within the endosperm; its radicle at the end next the caruncle. The two cotyledons are thin and covered by the endosperm. 6. Germination of the castor bean—The spongy substance of the caruncle becomes much swollen by absorption of water. In germination the swelling of the embryo and endosperm by the absorption of water bursts the rigid seed coat causing it to crack lengthwise, so that a portion of the endosperm can be seen through the crack. The radicle https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-high-schools-botany-parts-of-seeds-the-castor-bean-5-endosperm-which-is-covered-by-a-thin-papery-materialt-the-embryo-lies-within-the-endosperm-its-radicle-at-the-end-next-the-caruncle-the-two-cotyledons-are-thin-and-covered-by-the-endosperm-6-germination-of-the-castor-beanthe-spongy-substance-of-the-caruncle-becomes-much-swollen-by-absorption-of-water-in-germination-the-swelling-of-the-embryo-and-endosperm-by-the-absorption-of-water-bursts-the-rigid-seed-coat-causing-it-to-crack-lengthwise-so-that-a-portion-of-the-endosperm-can-be-seen-through-the-crack-the-radicle-image234394652.html
. Field crops for the cotton-belt. Agriculture. 170 FIELD CROPS FOR TH^ COTTON-BELT embryo.^' The endosperm of the grain develops as the result of a fusion separate from the one already considered. Mention has been made of the fact that the nucleus of the pollen-grain divides into two nuclei, only one of which fuses with the egg-cell. The second male nucleus from the pollen-grain fuses with the nucleus of the embryo-sac, this imion developing into the endosperm of the grain.. Fia. 27. — Illustrating structure of corn kernel at pollination: 1, pollen- grains; 2, silk;.3, pollen tube; 4, kernel
. Field crops for the cotton-belt. Agriculture. 170 FIELD CROPS FOR TH^ COTTON-BELT embryo.^' The endosperm of the grain develops as the result of a fusion separate from the one already considered. Mention has been made of the fact that the nucleus of the pollen-grain divides into two nuclei, only one of which fuses with the egg-cell. The second male nucleus from the pollen-grain fuses with the nucleus of the embryo-sac, this imion developing into the endosperm of the grain.. Fia. 27. — Illustrating structure of corn kernel at pollination: 1, pollen- grains; 2, silk;.3, pollen tube; 4, kernel https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/field-crops-for-the-cotton-belt-agriculture-170-field-crops-for-th-cotton-belt-embryo-the-endosperm-of-the-grain-develops-as-the-result-of-a-fusion-separate-from-the-one-already-considered-mention-has-been-made-of-the-fact-that-the-nucleus-of-the-pollen-grain-divides-into-two-nuclei-only-one-of-which-fuses-with-the-egg-cell-the-second-male-nucleus-from-the-pollen-grain-fuses-with-the-nucleus-of-the-embryo-sac-this-imion-developing-into-the-endosperm-of-the-grain-fia-27-illustrating-structure-of-corn-kernel-at-pollination-1-pollen-grains-2-silk3-pollen-tube-4-kernel-image216361749.html
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. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . from tlu outerspermoderm and ondocarpljy introducing a knifc-bladc between the layers.By this operation the veins are s])lit, j)art of the va.scular ti.s.sue adheringto the convex surface of the inner spermoderm and the remainder to coco AN UT. 283 the concave surface of the outer spermoderm, so that both surfaces arccovered with reticulations. The endosperm or meat (Alb.) is a white, fleshylayer, 1-2 cm. thick, in which, near the base,is embedded the small embryo. While
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . from tlu outerspermoderm and ondocarpljy introducing a knifc-bladc between the layers.By this operation the veins are s])lit, j)art of the va.scular ti.s.sue adheringto the convex surface of the inner spermoderm and the remainder to coco AN UT. 283 the concave surface of the outer spermoderm, so that both surfaces arccovered with reticulations. The endosperm or meat (Alb.) is a white, fleshylayer, 1-2 cm. thick, in which, near the base,is embedded the small embryo. While https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-microscopy-of-vegetable-foods-with-special-reference-to-the-detection-of-adulteration-and-the-diagnosis-of-mixtures-from-tlu-outerspermoderm-and-ondocarpljy-introducing-a-knifc-bladc-between-the-layersby-this-operation-the-veins-are-s-lit-jart-of-the-vascular-tissue-adheringto-the-convex-surface-of-the-inner-spermoderm-and-the-remainder-to-coco-an-ut-283-the-concave-surface-of-the-outer-spermoderm-so-that-both-surfaces-arccovered-with-reticulations-the-endosperm-or-meat-alb-is-a-white-fleshylayer-1-2-cm-thick-in-which-near-the-baseis-embedded-the-small-embryo-while-image369589410.html
. The essentials of botany. Botany. PHANEROOAMTA. 253 nourished by the starch in the cotyledons, which in this species remain during the whole process of germination beneath the ground enclosed in the seed-coat. In the com- mon Field-bean (Phaseolus) the germination is the same excepting that the stem elongates below the cotyledons and brings the latter above the ground. 531. The seed of the Castor-oil Plant contains a large embryo surrounded by a thin layer of endosperm (Fig. 141, I). In its germination the root and stem below the coty- ledons elongate, and thus bring the seed-coat with the c
. The essentials of botany. Botany. PHANEROOAMTA. 253 nourished by the starch in the cotyledons, which in this species remain during the whole process of germination beneath the ground enclosed in the seed-coat. In the com- mon Field-bean (Phaseolus) the germination is the same excepting that the stem elongates below the cotyledons and brings the latter above the ground. 531. The seed of the Castor-oil Plant contains a large embryo surrounded by a thin layer of endosperm (Fig. 141, I). In its germination the root and stem below the coty- ledons elongate, and thus bring the seed-coat with the c https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-essentials-of-botany-botany-phanerooamta-253-nourished-by-the-starch-in-the-cotyledons-which-in-this-species-remain-during-the-whole-process-of-germination-beneath-the-ground-enclosed-in-the-seed-coat-in-the-com-mon-field-bean-phaseolus-the-germination-is-the-same-excepting-that-the-stem-elongates-below-the-cotyledons-and-brings-the-latter-above-the-ground-531-the-seed-of-the-castor-oil-plant-contains-a-large-embryo-surrounded-by-a-thin-layer-of-endosperm-fig-141-i-in-its-germination-the-root-and-stem-below-the-coty-ledons-elongate-and-thus-bring-the-seed-coat-with-the-c-image216447468.html
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. Plant life and plant uses; an elementary textbook, a foundation for the study of agriculture, domestic science or college botany. Botany. THE NATURE OF SEEDS 347 cellulose of most plant tissues is not ordinarily used as food, but in some seeds the cell walls of the endosperm as well as of the testa become very thick. This thickening is com- posed of what is called reserve cellulose. (See Figure ijj.) Upon germination this re- serve cellulose is used as food for the seed- ling. The seeds of persimmons and dates have much food stored in this way. Reserve cellulose gives excep- tional hardness
. Plant life and plant uses; an elementary textbook, a foundation for the study of agriculture, domestic science or college botany. Botany. THE NATURE OF SEEDS 347 cellulose of most plant tissues is not ordinarily used as food, but in some seeds the cell walls of the endosperm as well as of the testa become very thick. This thickening is com- posed of what is called reserve cellulose. (See Figure ijj.) Upon germination this re- serve cellulose is used as food for the seed- ling. The seeds of persimmons and dates have much food stored in this way. Reserve cellulose gives excep- tional hardness https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/plant-life-and-plant-uses-an-elementary-textbook-a-foundation-for-the-study-of-agriculture-domestic-science-or-college-botany-botany-the-nature-of-seeds-347-cellulose-of-most-plant-tissues-is-not-ordinarily-used-as-food-but-in-some-seeds-the-cell-walls-of-the-endosperm-as-well-as-of-the-testa-become-very-thick-this-thickening-is-com-posed-of-what-is-called-reserve-cellulose-see-figure-ijj-upon-germination-this-re-serve-cellulose-is-used-as-food-for-the-seed-ling-the-seeds-of-persimmons-and-dates-have-much-food-stored-in-this-way-reserve-cellulose-gives-excep-tional-hardness-image232314928.html
. Lessons in botany. Botany. Fig. 192. Fig. 193. Fig. 194. Seedlings of jack-in-the- Embryos of jack-in-the-pulpit still Seedling of jack-in- pulpit, first leaf arching out attached to the endosperm in seed the-pulpit; section of of the petiole of the coty- coats, and showing the simple first the endosperm and ledon. leaf. cotyledon. 354. How the first leaf appears.—As the embryo backs out of the seed, it turns downward into the soil, unless the seed is. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and a
. Lessons in botany. Botany. Fig. 192. Fig. 193. Fig. 194. Seedlings of jack-in-the- Embryos of jack-in-the-pulpit still Seedling of jack-in- pulpit, first leaf arching out attached to the endosperm in seed the-pulpit; section of of the petiole of the coty- coats, and showing the simple first the endosperm and ledon. leaf. cotyledon. 354. How the first leaf appears.—As the embryo backs out of the seed, it turns downward into the soil, unless the seed is. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and a https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/lessons-in-botany-botany-fig-192-fig-193-fig-194-seedlings-of-jack-in-the-embryos-of-jack-in-the-pulpit-still-seedling-of-jack-in-pulpit-first-leaf-arching-out-attached-to-the-endosperm-in-seed-the-pulpit-section-of-of-the-petiole-of-the-coty-coats-and-showing-the-simple-first-the-endosperm-and-ledon-leaf-cotyledon-354-how-the-first-leaf-appearsas-the-embryo-backs-out-of-the-seed-it-turns-downward-into-the-soil-unless-the-seed-is-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-a-image216359370.html
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. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. CONIFERALES (TAXACEAE) 343 much higher number than among the podocarps. The suggestion of a genetic connection between these two tribes will be considered later. The course of spermatogenesis in the podocarps, from the division of the generative cell just before fertilization, presents no unusual features. In Dacrydium (136) it was observed that the generative. Fig. 398.—Phyllocladus alpina: apex of nucellus broken down by numerous pollen tubes; the top of the endosperm also somewhat disorganized; each archegonium is surrounded by a d
. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. CONIFERALES (TAXACEAE) 343 much higher number than among the podocarps. The suggestion of a genetic connection between these two tribes will be considered later. The course of spermatogenesis in the podocarps, from the division of the generative cell just before fertilization, presents no unusual features. In Dacrydium (136) it was observed that the generative. Fig. 398.—Phyllocladus alpina: apex of nucellus broken down by numerous pollen tubes; the top of the endosperm also somewhat disorganized; each archegonium is surrounded by a d https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/morphology-of-gymnosperms-gymnosperms-plant-morphology-coniferales-taxaceae-343-much-higher-number-than-among-the-podocarps-the-suggestion-of-a-genetic-connection-between-these-two-tribes-will-be-considered-later-the-course-of-spermatogenesis-in-the-podocarps-from-the-division-of-the-generative-cell-just-before-fertilization-presents-no-unusual-features-in-dacrydium-136-it-was-observed-that-the-generative-fig-398phyllocladus-alpina-apex-of-nucellus-broken-down-by-numerous-pollen-tubes-the-top-of-the-endosperm-also-somewhat-disorganized-each-archegonium-is-surrounded-by-a-d-image232103238.html
. Field crop production; a text-book for elementary courses in schools and brief courses in colleges. Agriculture. CORN OR MAIZE 47 been called soft corn. Such an examination will reveal the fact that no hard endosperm is present, but that the entire endosperm is made up of soft starch. So soft are the ker- nels of this type of corn that even when they mature they can sometimes be dented with the thumb nail. Soft corn is usually a large, rank-growing plant requiring a long growing season to come to its maturity. For this reason it is not grown to any extent in the United States. One variety, s
. Field crop production; a text-book for elementary courses in schools and brief courses in colleges. Agriculture. CORN OR MAIZE 47 been called soft corn. Such an examination will reveal the fact that no hard endosperm is present, but that the entire endosperm is made up of soft starch. So soft are the ker- nels of this type of corn that even when they mature they can sometimes be dented with the thumb nail. Soft corn is usually a large, rank-growing plant requiring a long growing season to come to its maturity. For this reason it is not grown to any extent in the United States. One variety, s https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/field-crop-production-a-text-book-for-elementary-courses-in-schools-and-brief-courses-in-colleges-agriculture-corn-or-maize-47-been-called-soft-corn-such-an-examination-will-reveal-the-fact-that-no-hard-endosperm-is-present-but-that-the-entire-endosperm-is-made-up-of-soft-starch-so-soft-are-the-ker-nels-of-this-type-of-corn-that-even-when-they-mature-they-can-sometimes-be-dented-with-the-thumb-nail-soft-corn-is-usually-a-large-rank-growing-plant-requiring-a-long-growing-season-to-come-to-its-maturity-for-this-reason-it-is-not-grown-to-any-extent-in-the-united-states-one-variety-s-image216406929.html
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. The book of wheat : an economic history and practical manual of the wheat industry. absorbent organ(scutellum), and the miniature firstleaves and roots. It forms about 6 percent of the wheat kernel. The endosperm and embryo are com-„ ii bran;/i, epidermis of kernel, this layer is 8 per cent of that of the ^ whole grain. The next covering is a single layer of collapsedcells, known as the tegmen. This is again surrounded by athird envelope, the testa, or episperm, which contains thegreater part of the coloring matter of the grain. This coloringmatter is of two kinds, one a palish yellow, and t
. The book of wheat : an economic history and practical manual of the wheat industry. absorbent organ(scutellum), and the miniature firstleaves and roots. It forms about 6 percent of the wheat kernel. The endosperm and embryo are com-„ ii bran;/i, epidermis of kernel, this layer is 8 per cent of that of the ^ whole grain. The next covering is a single layer of collapsedcells, known as the tegmen. This is again surrounded by athird envelope, the testa, or episperm, which contains thegreater part of the coloring matter of the grain. This coloringmatter is of two kinds, one a palish yellow, and t https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-book-of-wheat-an-economic-history-and-practical-manual-of-the-wheat-industry-absorbent-organscutellum-and-the-miniature-firstleaves-and-roots-it-forms-about-6-percent-of-the-wheat-kernel-the-endosperm-and-embryo-are-com-ii-brani-epidermis-of-kernel-this-layer-is-8-per-cent-of-that-of-the-whole-grain-the-next-covering-is-a-single-layer-of-collapsedcells-known-as-the-tegmen-this-is-again-surrounded-by-athird-envelope-the-testa-or-episperm-which-contains-thegreater-part-of-the-coloring-matter-of-the-grain-this-coloringmatter-is-of-two-kinds-one-a-palish-yellow-and-t-image370308554.html
. Lessons in botany. Botany. SEEDS AND SEEDLINGS. 215 now enlarges somewhat, as seen in the figures, and becomes the bulb, or corm, of the baby jack. At first no roots are visible, but in a short time one, two, or more roots appear on the enlarged end. 353. Section of an embryo.—If we make a longisection of the embryo and seed at this time we can see how the club-shaped cotyle don is closely surrounded by the endosperm. Through the cotyledon, then, the nourishment from the en- dosperm is readily passed over to growing embryo. In the hollow part of the petiole near the bulb can be seen the firs
. Lessons in botany. Botany. SEEDS AND SEEDLINGS. 215 now enlarges somewhat, as seen in the figures, and becomes the bulb, or corm, of the baby jack. At first no roots are visible, but in a short time one, two, or more roots appear on the enlarged end. 353. Section of an embryo.—If we make a longisection of the embryo and seed at this time we can see how the club-shaped cotyle don is closely surrounded by the endosperm. Through the cotyledon, then, the nourishment from the en- dosperm is readily passed over to growing embryo. In the hollow part of the petiole near the bulb can be seen the firs https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/lessons-in-botany-botany-seeds-and-seedlings-215-now-enlarges-somewhat-as-seen-in-the-figures-and-becomes-the-bulb-or-corm-of-the-baby-jack-at-first-no-roots-are-visible-but-in-a-short-time-one-two-or-more-roots-appear-on-the-enlarged-end-353-section-of-an-embryoif-we-make-a-longisection-of-the-embryo-and-seed-at-this-time-we-can-see-how-the-club-shaped-cotyle-don-is-closely-surrounded-by-the-endosperm-through-the-cotyledon-then-the-nourishment-from-the-en-dosperm-is-readily-passed-over-to-growing-embryo-in-the-hollow-part-of-the-petiole-near-the-bulb-can-be-seen-the-firs-image216359374.html
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. Morphology of angiosperms (Morphology of spermatophytes. Part II). Angiosperms; Plant morphology. CHAPTER VIII THE ENDOSPERM The endosperm of Gymnosperms seems to be clearly the vegetative tissue of the female gametophyte, but the morpho- logical nature of the endosperm of Angiosperms (Fig. 74) is not so clear. The ger- mination of the megaspore begins, as in Gymnosperms, with free and simul- taneous nuclear di- vision. In Gymno- sperms this con- tinues for some time and is re- placed by cell-for- mation, giving rise to an extensive tis- sue bearing arche- gonia, while in An- giosperms usual
. Morphology of angiosperms (Morphology of spermatophytes. Part II). Angiosperms; Plant morphology. CHAPTER VIII THE ENDOSPERM The endosperm of Gymnosperms seems to be clearly the vegetative tissue of the female gametophyte, but the morpho- logical nature of the endosperm of Angiosperms (Fig. 74) is not so clear. The ger- mination of the megaspore begins, as in Gymnosperms, with free and simul- taneous nuclear di- vision. In Gymno- sperms this con- tinues for some time and is re- placed by cell-for- mation, giving rise to an extensive tis- sue bearing arche- gonia, while in An- giosperms usual https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/morphology-of-angiosperms-morphology-of-spermatophytes-part-ii-angiosperms-plant-morphology-chapter-viii-the-endosperm-the-endosperm-of-gymnosperms-seems-to-be-clearly-the-vegetative-tissue-of-the-female-gametophyte-but-the-morpho-logical-nature-of-the-endosperm-of-angiosperms-fig-74-is-not-so-clear-the-ger-mination-of-the-megaspore-begins-as-in-gymnosperms-with-free-and-simul-taneous-nuclear-di-vision-in-gymno-sperms-this-con-tinues-for-some-time-and-is-re-placed-by-cell-for-mation-giving-rise-to-an-extensive-tis-sue-bearing-arche-gonia-while-in-an-giosperms-usual-image232332125.html
. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XLnr] TAXESTEAE 161 strands, and stomata occur on both surfaces^. The small megastrobili consist of spiral or decussate scales, each with one seed. Miss Young^ mentions the occurrence of tracheids with spiral bands: a single large pit occupies the field of a ray-cell as in Dacrydium Franklini^. The seed in the early stage of development shows signs of a ruminated endosperm. TAXINEAE. The occurrence of spiral bands in the secondary tracheids is a family-character but similar tracheids are not uncommon in other Conifers. Taxus.
. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XLnr] TAXESTEAE 161 strands, and stomata occur on both surfaces^. The small megastrobili consist of spiral or decussate scales, each with one seed. Miss Young^ mentions the occurrence of tracheids with spiral bands: a single large pit occupies the field of a ray-cell as in Dacrydium Franklini^. The seed in the early stage of development shows signs of a ruminated endosperm. TAXINEAE. The occurrence of spiral bands in the secondary tracheids is a family-character but similar tracheids are not uncommon in other Conifers. Taxus. https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-xlnr-taxesteae-161-strands-and-stomata-occur-on-both-surfaces-the-small-megastrobili-consist-of-spiral-or-decussate-scales-each-with-one-seed-miss-young-mentions-the-occurrence-of-tracheids-with-spiral-bands-a-single-large-pit-occupies-the-field-of-a-ray-cell-as-in-dacrydium-franklini-the-seed-in-the-early-stage-of-development-shows-signs-of-a-ruminated-endosperm-taxineae-the-occurrence-of-spiral-bands-in-the-secondary-tracheids-is-a-family-character-but-similar-tracheids-are-not-uncommon-in-other-conifers-taxus-image216369328.html
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. The power of movement in plants . Plants; Botany. 7« HYPOCOTYLS, EPICOTYLS, ETC., Chap. H. breaks tnrough the ground as an arch (Fig. 57). Abronia also has only a single fully developed cotyledon, but in this case it is the hypocotyl which first emerges and is arched. Ahronia umhellata, however, presents this peculiarity, that the enfolded blade of the one developed cotyledon (with the enclosed endosperm) whilst still beneath the surface has its apex upturned and parallel to the descending leg of the arched hypocotyl ; but it is dragged out of the ground by the con- tinued growth of the hypo
. The power of movement in plants . Plants; Botany. 7« HYPOCOTYLS, EPICOTYLS, ETC., Chap. H. breaks tnrough the ground as an arch (Fig. 57). Abronia also has only a single fully developed cotyledon, but in this case it is the hypocotyl which first emerges and is arched. Ahronia umhellata, however, presents this peculiarity, that the enfolded blade of the one developed cotyledon (with the enclosed endosperm) whilst still beneath the surface has its apex upturned and parallel to the descending leg of the arched hypocotyl ; but it is dragged out of the ground by the con- tinued growth of the hypo https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-power-of-movement-in-plants-plants-botany-7-hypocotyls-epicotyls-etc-chap-h-breaks-tnrough-the-ground-as-an-arch-fig-57-abronia-also-has-only-a-single-fully-developed-cotyledon-but-in-this-case-it-is-the-hypocotyl-which-first-emerges-and-is-arched-ahronia-umhellata-however-presents-this-peculiarity-that-the-enfolded-blade-of-the-one-developed-cotyledon-with-the-enclosed-endosperm-whilst-still-beneath-the-surface-has-its-apex-upturned-and-parallel-to-the-descending-leg-of-the-arched-hypocotyl-but-it-is-dragged-out-of-the-ground-by-the-con-tinued-growth-of-the-hypo-image232077172.html
. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 538 The Honey Locilsts The fruit is a leguminous pod, usually many-seeded, rarely i-seeded, elongated, straight, flattened, its walls hard and woody, dehiscent when old, usually pulpy between the seeds, which are transversely placed, obovate, compressed, borne on slender stalks, light brown, crustaceous; endosperm homy. The name is in commemoration of the German botanist, John Gottlieb Gle- ditsch, a friend and contempora
. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 538 The Honey Locilsts The fruit is a leguminous pod, usually many-seeded, rarely i-seeded, elongated, straight, flattened, its walls hard and woody, dehiscent when old, usually pulpy between the seeds, which are transversely placed, obovate, compressed, borne on slender stalks, light brown, crustaceous; endosperm homy. The name is in commemoration of the German botanist, John Gottlieb Gle- ditsch, a friend and contempora https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/north-american-trees-being-descriptions-and-illustrations-of-the-trees-growing-independently-of-cultivation-in-north-america-north-of-mexico-and-the-west-indies-trees-538-the-honey-locilsts-the-fruit-is-a-leguminous-pod-usually-many-seeded-rarely-i-seeded-elongated-straight-flattened-its-walls-hard-and-woody-dehiscent-when-old-usually-pulpy-between-the-seeds-which-are-transversely-placed-obovate-compressed-borne-on-slender-stalks-light-brown-crustaceous-endosperm-homy-the-name-is-in-commemoration-of-the-german-botanist-john-gottlieb-gle-ditsch-a-friend-and-contempora-image216371513.html
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. Botany all the year round; a practical text-book for schools. Botany. 88 SEEDS AND SEEDLING'S remove the plumule with the hypocotyl from the cotyle- don, and sketch it. Make a vertical section of another soaked grain at right angles to its broader face, and sketch it, labeling the parts as they appear in profile. Make a cross section through the middle of another grain, and sketch it. (A very sharp instrument must be used in making sections, or they will not be satisfactory.) What proportion of the grain is endosperm and what embryo.'' It has been seen that one of the effects of iodine is to
. Botany all the year round; a practical text-book for schools. Botany. 88 SEEDS AND SEEDLING'S remove the plumule with the hypocotyl from the cotyle- don, and sketch it. Make a vertical section of another soaked grain at right angles to its broader face, and sketch it, labeling the parts as they appear in profile. Make a cross section through the middle of another grain, and sketch it. (A very sharp instrument must be used in making sections, or they will not be satisfactory.) What proportion of the grain is endosperm and what embryo.'' It has been seen that one of the effects of iodine is to https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-all-the-year-round-a-practical-text-book-for-schools-botany-88-seeds-and-seedlings-remove-the-plumule-with-the-hypocotyl-from-the-cotyle-don-and-sketch-it-make-a-vertical-section-of-another-soaked-grain-at-right-angles-to-its-broader-face-and-sketch-it-labeling-the-parts-as-they-appear-in-profile-make-a-cross-section-through-the-middle-of-another-grain-and-sketch-it-a-very-sharp-instrument-must-be-used-in-making-sections-or-they-will-not-be-satisfactory-what-proportion-of-the-grain-is-endosperm-and-what-embryo-it-has-been-seen-that-one-of-the-effects-of-iodine-is-to-image232392000.html
. Lessons in botany. Botany. Seedlings of castor-oil bean castings the seed coats, and showing papery remnant of the endosperm.. Fig. 190. Seedlings of jack-in-the-pul- pit; embryo backing out of the seed. Fig, 191. Section of germinating embryos of jack-in-Lhe' pulpit, showing young leaves inside the petiole of the coty- ledon. At the left cotyledon shown surrounded by the endosperm in the seed ; at right endosperm removed to show the club-shaped cotyledon.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration
. Lessons in botany. Botany. Seedlings of castor-oil bean castings the seed coats, and showing papery remnant of the endosperm.. Fig. 190. Seedlings of jack-in-the-pul- pit; embryo backing out of the seed. Fig, 191. Section of germinating embryos of jack-in-Lhe' pulpit, showing young leaves inside the petiole of the coty- ledon. At the left cotyledon shown surrounded by the endosperm in the seed ; at right endosperm removed to show the club-shaped cotyledon.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/lessons-in-botany-botany-seedlings-of-castor-oil-bean-castings-the-seed-coats-and-showing-papery-remnant-of-the-endosperm-fig-190-seedlings-of-jack-in-the-pul-pit-embryo-backing-out-of-the-seed-fig-191-section-of-germinating-embryos-of-jack-in-lhe-pulpit-showing-young-leaves-inside-the-petiole-of-the-coty-ledon-at-the-left-cotyledon-shown-surrounded-by-the-endosperm-in-the-seed-at-right-endosperm-removed-to-show-the-club-shaped-cotyledon-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-image216359380.html
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. The anatomy of woody plants. Botany -- Anatomy. THE MEGASPORANGIUM AND SEED 231 nuclei, which by the fusion of two become seven. Of these, one nucleus surrounds itself with a protoplasmic body to become the egg, while two others are related to the so-called synergidae. Of the remaining four nuclear structures, three belong to the antipo- dals, a group of cells present in the base of the embryo sac or prothallus, while the fourth, the product of the fusion of two nuclei as mentioned above, becomes the so-called endosperm nucleus, which later develops the endosperm or food substance of the rip
. The anatomy of woody plants. Botany -- Anatomy. THE MEGASPORANGIUM AND SEED 231 nuclei, which by the fusion of two become seven. Of these, one nucleus surrounds itself with a protoplasmic body to become the egg, while two others are related to the so-called synergidae. Of the remaining four nuclear structures, three belong to the antipo- dals, a group of cells present in the base of the embryo sac or prothallus, while the fourth, the product of the fusion of two nuclei as mentioned above, becomes the so-called endosperm nucleus, which later develops the endosperm or food substance of the rip https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-anatomy-of-woody-plants-botany-anatomy-the-megasporangium-and-seed-231-nuclei-which-by-the-fusion-of-two-become-seven-of-these-one-nucleus-surrounds-itself-with-a-protoplasmic-body-to-become-the-egg-while-two-others-are-related-to-the-so-called-synergidae-of-the-remaining-four-nuclear-structures-three-belong-to-the-antipo-dals-a-group-of-cells-present-in-the-base-of-the-embryo-sac-or-prothallus-while-the-fourth-the-product-of-the-fusion-of-two-nuclei-as-mentioned-above-becomes-the-so-called-endosperm-nucleus-which-later-develops-the-endosperm-or-food-substance-of-the-rip-image236796711.html
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 104 GERMINATION OF SEEDS: SEEDLINGS important functions: (1) by its elongation the plumule is assisted in reaching above the soil; and (2) through it the endosperm and substances absorbed by the temporary roots reach the plu-. FiG. 98. — Seedling of Wheat after the permanent root system is estab- lished, g, ground line; p, permanent root system; a, temporary stem por- tion; k, grain; I, temporary root system. About half natural size. mule. But after the permanent roots are well established, there is no longer any need for this stem region, which now
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 104 GERMINATION OF SEEDS: SEEDLINGS important functions: (1) by its elongation the plumule is assisted in reaching above the soil; and (2) through it the endosperm and substances absorbed by the temporary roots reach the plu-. FiG. 98. — Seedling of Wheat after the permanent root system is estab- lished, g, ground line; p, permanent root system; a, temporary stem por- tion; k, grain; I, temporary root system. About half natural size. mule. But after the permanent roots are well established, there is no longer any need for this stem region, which now https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-agricultural-students-botany-104-germination-of-seeds-seedlings-important-functions-1-by-its-elongation-the-plumule-is-assisted-in-reaching-above-the-soil-and-2-through-it-the-endosperm-and-substances-absorbed-by-the-temporary-roots-reach-the-plu-fig-98-seedling-of-wheat-after-the-permanent-root-system-is-estab-lished-g-ground-line-p-permanent-root-system-a-temporary-stem-por-tion-k-grain-i-temporary-root-system-about-half-natural-size-mule-but-after-the-permanent-roots-are-well-established-there-is-no-longer-any-need-for-this-stem-region-which-now-image216449185.html
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. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 212 MORPHOLOGY form, filling the egg with tissue (proembryo) more completely and per- manently than in any other known gymnosperm (fig. 472). The cells of the upper two thirds of this pro- embryo remain inactive ; while the cells of the lower third (which are much smaller) grow actively, forming a broad cylinder that invades the endosperm. This cylinder is really a massive sus- pensor, and at its tip the embryo is formed. This embryo, as in cycads, has two cotyledons, but sometimes three have been observed, and they also remain i
. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. 212 MORPHOLOGY form, filling the egg with tissue (proembryo) more completely and per- manently than in any other known gymnosperm (fig. 472). The cells of the upper two thirds of this pro- embryo remain inactive ; while the cells of the lower third (which are much smaller) grow actively, forming a broad cylinder that invades the endosperm. This cylinder is really a massive sus- pensor, and at its tip the embryo is formed. This embryo, as in cycads, has two cotyledons, but sometimes three have been observed, and they also remain i https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/a-textbook-of-botany-for-colleges-and-universities-botany-212-morphology-form-filling-the-egg-with-tissue-proembryo-more-completely-and-per-manently-than-in-any-other-known-gymnosperm-fig-472-the-cells-of-the-upper-two-thirds-of-this-pro-embryo-remain-inactive-while-the-cells-of-the-lower-third-which-are-much-smaller-grow-actively-forming-a-broad-cylinder-that-invades-the-endosperm-this-cylinder-is-really-a-massive-sus-pensor-and-at-its-tip-the-embryo-is-formed-this-embryo-as-in-cycads-has-two-cotyledons-but-sometimes-three-have-been-observed-and-they-also-remain-i-image232329726.html
. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. CYCADALES 119 II chromosomes, and in one case 13 chromosomes; in Zamia 25 nuclei were examined and all showed 12 chromosomes. Chamber- lain (46, 63) found 12 chromosomes in the pollen mother cells of Dioon edule, 12 at the mitosis which gives rise to the ventral canal and egg nuclei, and 12 in cells of the endosperm.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work..
. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. CYCADALES 119 II chromosomes, and in one case 13 chromosomes; in Zamia 25 nuclei were examined and all showed 12 chromosomes. Chamber- lain (46, 63) found 12 chromosomes in the pollen mother cells of Dioon edule, 12 at the mitosis which gives rise to the ventral canal and egg nuclei, and 12 in cells of the endosperm.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/morphology-of-gymnosperms-gymnosperms-plant-morphology-cycadales-119-ii-chromosomes-and-in-one-case-13-chromosomes-in-zamia-25-nuclei-were-examined-and-all-showed-12-chromosomes-chamber-lain-46-63-found-12-chromosomes-in-the-pollen-mother-cells-of-dioon-edule-12-at-the-mitosis-which-gives-rise-to-the-ventral-canal-and-egg-nuclei-and-12-in-cells-of-the-endosperm-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-image216418141.html
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. Plant life and plant uses; an elementary textbook, a foundation for the study of agriculture, domestic science or college botany. Botany. THE NATURE OF SEEDS 347 cellulose of most plant tissues is not ordinarily used as food, but in some seeds the cell walls of the endosperm as well as of the testa become very thick. This thickening is com- posed of what is called reserve cellulose. (See Figure 155.) Upon germination this re- serve cellulose is used as food for the seed- ling. The seeds of persimmons and dates have much food stored in this way. Reserve cellulose gives excep- tional hardness
. Plant life and plant uses; an elementary textbook, a foundation for the study of agriculture, domestic science or college botany. Botany. THE NATURE OF SEEDS 347 cellulose of most plant tissues is not ordinarily used as food, but in some seeds the cell walls of the endosperm as well as of the testa become very thick. This thickening is com- posed of what is called reserve cellulose. (See Figure 155.) Upon germination this re- serve cellulose is used as food for the seed- ling. The seeds of persimmons and dates have much food stored in this way. Reserve cellulose gives excep- tional hardness https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/plant-life-and-plant-uses-an-elementary-textbook-a-foundation-for-the-study-of-agriculture-domestic-science-or-college-botany-botany-the-nature-of-seeds-347-cellulose-of-most-plant-tissues-is-not-ordinarily-used-as-food-but-in-some-seeds-the-cell-walls-of-the-endosperm-as-well-as-of-the-testa-become-very-thick-this-thickening-is-com-posed-of-what-is-called-reserve-cellulose-see-figure-155-upon-germination-this-re-serve-cellulose-is-used-as-food-for-the-seed-ling-the-seeds-of-persimmons-and-dates-have-much-food-stored-in-this-way-reserve-cellulose-gives-excep-tional-hardness-image232110042.html
. The botany of crop plants : a text and reference book. Botany, Economic. BOTANY or CROP PLANTS bracteole bility that the soil is more quickly exhausted by seeded hops than by seedless ones. The Mattire Fruit.—The fruit (Fig. 105) is a small achene surrounded by the persistent cup-shaped perianth. The single seed within has a curved embryo about which is a small amount of endosperm. Lupulin Glands.—In the ma- ture hop, the outer surface of the bracteoles, the perianth, and, to a less extent, the bases of the bract-Uke stipules are covered with yellow pollen-like grains, the so-called "ho
. The botany of crop plants : a text and reference book. Botany, Economic. BOTANY or CROP PLANTS bracteole bility that the soil is more quickly exhausted by seeded hops than by seedless ones. The Mattire Fruit.—The fruit (Fig. 105) is a small achene surrounded by the persistent cup-shaped perianth. The single seed within has a curved embryo about which is a small amount of endosperm. Lupulin Glands.—In the ma- ture hop, the outer surface of the bracteoles, the perianth, and, to a less extent, the bases of the bract-Uke stipules are covered with yellow pollen-like grains, the so-called "ho https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-botany-of-crop-plants-a-text-and-reference-book-botany-economic-botany-or-crop-plants-bracteole-bility-that-the-soil-is-more-quickly-exhausted-by-seeded-hops-than-by-seedless-ones-the-mattire-fruitthe-fruit-fig-105-is-a-small-achene-surrounded-by-the-persistent-cup-shaped-perianth-the-single-seed-within-has-a-curved-embryo-about-which-is-a-small-amount-of-endosperm-lupulin-glandsin-the-ma-ture-hop-the-outer-surface-of-the-bracteoles-the-perianth-and-to-a-less-extent-the-bases-of-the-bract-uke-stipules-are-covered-with-yellow-pollen-like-grains-the-so-called-quotho-image216371627.html
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. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches, and a synopsis of the vegetable kingdom. Gardening -- Dictionaries; Plants -- North America encyclopedias. 2006 zea Var. indentata (Z. indentd-ta, Sturt.). Dent Cokn. Fig. 2780. Plate VII. A group recognized by tbe pres- ence of corneous endosperm at the sides of the kernel, the starchy endosperm extending to the summit. B
. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches, and a synopsis of the vegetable kingdom. Gardening -- Dictionaries; Plants -- North America encyclopedias. 2006 zea Var. indentata (Z. indentd-ta, Sturt.). Dent Cokn. Fig. 2780. Plate VII. A group recognized by tbe pres- ence of corneous endosperm at the sides of the kernel, the starchy endosperm extending to the summit. B https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/cyclopedia-of-american-horticulture-comprising-suggestions-for-cultivation-of-horticultural-plants-descriptions-of-the-species-of-fruits-vegetables-flowers-and-ornamental-plants-sold-in-the-united-states-and-canada-together-with-geographical-and-biographical-sketches-and-a-synopsis-of-the-vegetable-kingdom-gardening-dictionaries-plants-north-america-encyclopedias-2006-zea-var-indentata-z-indentd-ta-sturt-dent-cokn-fig-2780-plate-vii-a-group-recognized-by-tbe-pres-ence-of-corneous-endosperm-at-the-sides-of-the-kernel-the-starchy-endosperm-extending-to-the-summit-b-image231807515.html
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 51. — Stigma of Com sLow- ing how the pollen grains grow their tubes into the stigma, p, pollen grains; <,poUen tube. Much enlarged. Fig. 52. — A, diagrammatic section of an ovule of the Tomato in which the egg (6) and primary endosperm nucleus (d) have been fertilized, o, portion of ovule surrounding^ and en- closing the embryo sac. B, diagram- matic section of the seed of the Tomato, e, embryo; c, endosperm; i, seed coat. The lines drawn from the ovule to the seed indicate the parts of the ovule from which the different parts of the seed h
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 51. — Stigma of Com sLow- ing how the pollen grains grow their tubes into the stigma, p, pollen grains; <,poUen tube. Much enlarged. Fig. 52. — A, diagrammatic section of an ovule of the Tomato in which the egg (6) and primary endosperm nucleus (d) have been fertilized, o, portion of ovule surrounding^ and en- closing the embryo sac. B, diagram- matic section of the seed of the Tomato, e, embryo; c, endosperm; i, seed coat. The lines drawn from the ovule to the seed indicate the parts of the ovule from which the different parts of the seed h https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-agricultural-students-botany-fig-51-stigma-of-com-slow-ing-how-the-pollen-grains-grow-their-tubes-into-the-stigma-p-pollen-grains-ltpouen-tube-much-enlarged-fig-52-a-diagrammatic-section-of-an-ovule-of-the-tomato-in-which-the-egg-6-and-primary-endosperm-nucleus-d-have-been-fertilized-o-portion-of-ovule-surrounding-and-en-closing-the-embryo-sac-b-diagram-matic-section-of-the-seed-of-the-tomato-e-embryo-c-endosperm-i-seed-coat-the-lines-drawn-from-the-ovule-to-the-seed-indicate-the-parts-of-the-ovule-from-which-the-different-parts-of-the-seed-h-image216449312.html
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. Arthur and Fritz Kahn Collection 1889-1932. Kahn, Fritz 1888-1968; Kahn, Arthur David 1850-1928; Natural history illustrators; Natural history. KERNEL of common wheat is photographed in cross section at the Northern Regional Research Laboratory of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. The interior of the kernel is the endosperm, from which flour is made.. BRAN, or outer layer of the kernel, is shown in this photomicrograph made at the Northern Regional Research Laboratory. At the bottom of the photo- micrograph, which enlarges these structures 600 times, is the endosperm. those combinations w
. Arthur and Fritz Kahn Collection 1889-1932. Kahn, Fritz 1888-1968; Kahn, Arthur David 1850-1928; Natural history illustrators; Natural history. KERNEL of common wheat is photographed in cross section at the Northern Regional Research Laboratory of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. The interior of the kernel is the endosperm, from which flour is made.. BRAN, or outer layer of the kernel, is shown in this photomicrograph made at the Northern Regional Research Laboratory. At the bottom of the photo- micrograph, which enlarges these structures 600 times, is the endosperm. those combinations w https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/arthur-and-fritz-kahn-collection-1889-1932-kahn-fritz-1888-1968-kahn-arthur-david-1850-1928-natural-history-illustrators-natural-history-kernel-of-common-wheat-is-photographed-in-cross-section-at-the-northern-regional-research-laboratory-of-the-u-s-department-of-agriculture-the-interior-of-the-kernel-is-the-endosperm-from-which-flour-is-made-bran-or-outer-layer-of-the-kernel-is-shown-in-this-photomicrograph-made-at-the-northern-regional-research-laboratory-at-the-bottom-of-the-photo-micrograph-which-enlarges-these-structures-600-times-is-the-endosperm-those-combinations-w-image235444439.html
. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 552 Kentucky Yellow Wood fleshy, black and shining, 8 cm. long or much less, deeply constricted between the seeds, which have a thin layer of endosperm. It is also known imder the names Pink locust and Bearded locust. The wood is very hard and strong, close-grained and light red; its specific gravity is about 0.85. II. KENTUCKY YELLOW WOOD GENUS OLADRASTIS RAFINESQUE Species Cladrastds lutea (Michaux) K. Koch Virgilia lut
. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 552 Kentucky Yellow Wood fleshy, black and shining, 8 cm. long or much less, deeply constricted between the seeds, which have a thin layer of endosperm. It is also known imder the names Pink locust and Bearded locust. The wood is very hard and strong, close-grained and light red; its specific gravity is about 0.85. II. KENTUCKY YELLOW WOOD GENUS OLADRASTIS RAFINESQUE Species Cladrastds lutea (Michaux) K. Koch Virgilia lut https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/north-american-trees-being-descriptions-and-illustrations-of-the-trees-growing-independently-of-cultivation-in-north-america-north-of-mexico-and-the-west-indies-trees-552-kentucky-yellow-wood-fleshy-black-and-shining-8-cm-long-or-much-less-deeply-constricted-between-the-seeds-which-have-a-thin-layer-of-endosperm-it-is-also-known-imder-the-names-pink-locust-and-bearded-locust-the-wood-is-very-hard-and-strong-close-grained-and-light-red-its-specific-gravity-is-about-085-ii-kentucky-yellow-wood-genus-oladrastis-rafinesque-species-cladrastds-lutea-michaux-k-koch-virgilia-lut-image216390412.html
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. Elementary botany. Botany. GAMETOPHYTE AND SPOROPHYTE. 233 into a great many nuclei in a mass of protoplasm, and cell walls are formed separating them into cells. This mass of cells is the endosperm, and it surrounds the embryo. It is the mature female pro thallium) belated in its growth in the angiosperms, usually de- veloping only when fertilization takes place, and its use has been assured. 460. Seed.—As the embryo. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations m
. Elementary botany. Botany. GAMETOPHYTE AND SPOROPHYTE. 233 into a great many nuclei in a mass of protoplasm, and cell walls are formed separating them into cells. This mass of cells is the endosperm, and it surrounds the embryo. It is the mature female pro thallium) belated in its growth in the angiosperms, usually de- veloping only when fertilization takes place, and its use has been assured. 460. Seed.—As the embryo. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations m https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/elementary-botany-botany-gametophyte-and-sporophyte-233-into-a-great-many-nuclei-in-a-mass-of-protoplasm-and-cell-walls-are-formed-separating-them-into-cells-this-mass-of-cells-is-the-endosperm-and-it-surrounds-the-embryo-it-is-the-mature-female-pro-thallium-belated-in-its-growth-in-the-angiosperms-usually-de-veloping-only-when-fertilization-takes-place-and-its-use-has-been-assured-460-seedas-the-embryo-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-m-image231749469.html
. Field crops for the cotton-belt. Agriculture. 160 FIELD CROPS FOR THE COTTON-BELT icle surrounded by a root-sheath, a short hypocotyl and a simple cotyledon, that encloses the tightly rolled plumular leaves. The embryo is characterized by a high percentage of oil, protein, and ash. It is situated on the side of the kernel toward the tip of the ear. The endosperm consists of the store of reserve food surrounding the em- bryo. It comprises the biggest portion of the kernel (73 per cent) and is char- acterized by its high percentage of starch, although more than 50 per cent of the total protein
. Field crops for the cotton-belt. Agriculture. 160 FIELD CROPS FOR THE COTTON-BELT icle surrounded by a root-sheath, a short hypocotyl and a simple cotyledon, that encloses the tightly rolled plumular leaves. The embryo is characterized by a high percentage of oil, protein, and ash. It is situated on the side of the kernel toward the tip of the ear. The endosperm consists of the store of reserve food surrounding the em- bryo. It comprises the biggest portion of the kernel (73 per cent) and is char- acterized by its high percentage of starch, although more than 50 per cent of the total protein https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/field-crops-for-the-cotton-belt-agriculture-160-field-crops-for-the-cotton-belt-icle-surrounded-by-a-root-sheath-a-short-hypocotyl-and-a-simple-cotyledon-that-encloses-the-tightly-rolled-plumular-leaves-the-embryo-is-characterized-by-a-high-percentage-of-oil-protein-and-ash-it-is-situated-on-the-side-of-the-kernel-toward-the-tip-of-the-ear-the-endosperm-consists-of-the-store-of-reserve-food-surrounding-the-em-bryo-it-comprises-the-biggest-portion-of-the-kernel-73-per-cent-and-is-char-acterized-by-its-high-percentage-of-starch-although-more-than-50-per-cent-of-the-total-protein-image216361750.html
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. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. SEED PLANTS 165. goniatse, and the egg thereupon begins to grow and develops into the embryo-sporoph3'te, while the sur- rounding cells of the gametophyte become filled with food-materials and are known as the " endosperm." The wall of the sporan- gium now hardens, while the outer tissues of the integument, become pulpy, so that the ripened seed looks very much like the fleshy fruit of a plum or cherry. That the Cycads represent a very an- cient type is shown by their fossil re- mains, which indicate that during the Mes- ozoic ag
. Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. SEED PLANTS 165. goniatse, and the egg thereupon begins to grow and develops into the embryo-sporoph3'te, while the sur- rounding cells of the gametophyte become filled with food-materials and are known as the " endosperm." The wall of the sporan- gium now hardens, while the outer tissues of the integument, become pulpy, so that the ripened seed looks very much like the fleshy fruit of a plum or cherry. That the Cycads represent a very an- cient type is shown by their fossil re- mains, which indicate that during the Mes- ozoic ag https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/lectures-on-the-evolution-of-plants-botany-plants-seed-plants-165-goniatse-and-the-egg-thereupon-begins-to-grow-and-develops-into-the-embryo-sporoph3te-while-the-sur-rounding-cells-of-the-gametophyte-become-filled-with-food-materials-and-are-known-as-the-quot-endospermquot-the-wall-of-the-sporan-gium-now-hardens-while-the-outer-tissues-of-the-integument-become-pulpy-so-that-the-ripened-seed-looks-very-much-like-the-fleshy-fruit-of-a-plum-or-cherry-that-the-cycads-represent-a-very-an-cient-type-is-shown-by-their-fossil-re-mains-which-indicate-that-during-the-mes-ozoic-ag-image232270080.html
. Pharmaceutical botany. Botany; Botany, Medical. 54 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY ^E A. Fig. 31.—Section o£ a grain of wheat. A, Pericarps and seed coats; B, layer of cells in endosperm containing aleurone grains; C, cells of the endosperm containing starch grains. (From Hamaker.) seminated by wind currents. Examples of these are seen in the Milk- weed, which has a tuft of hairs at one end of the seed called a Coma, and in the official Strophanthus, which has a long bristle-like appendage attached to one end of the seed and called an awn. The wart-like appendage at the hilum or micropyle, as in Casto
. Pharmaceutical botany. Botany; Botany, Medical. 54 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY ^E A. Fig. 31.—Section o£ a grain of wheat. A, Pericarps and seed coats; B, layer of cells in endosperm containing aleurone grains; C, cells of the endosperm containing starch grains. (From Hamaker.) seminated by wind currents. Examples of these are seen in the Milk- weed, which has a tuft of hairs at one end of the seed called a Coma, and in the official Strophanthus, which has a long bristle-like appendage attached to one end of the seed and called an awn. The wart-like appendage at the hilum or micropyle, as in Casto https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/pharmaceutical-botany-botany-botany-medical-54-pharmaceutical-botany-e-a-fig-31section-o-a-grain-of-wheat-a-pericarps-and-seed-coats-b-layer-of-cells-in-endosperm-containing-aleurone-grains-c-cells-of-the-endosperm-containing-starch-grains-from-hamaker-seminated-by-wind-currents-examples-of-these-are-seen-in-the-milk-weed-which-has-a-tuft-of-hairs-at-one-end-of-the-seed-called-a-coma-and-in-the-official-strophanthus-which-has-a-long-bristle-like-appendage-attached-to-one-end-of-the-seed-and-called-an-awn-the-wart-like-appendage-at-the-hilum-or-micropyle-as-in-casto-image216418063.html
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. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions : from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian. le, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovaryinferior, i-celled, style filiform; stigma undivided, terminal, or oblique and lateral;ovule I, anatropous. Fruit an achene, its apex crowned with the persistent calyx-lobes. Seed-coat membranous ; endosperm fleshy ; embryo straight. About 7 genera and 140 species, natives of the Old World.Scales of the elongated receptacle prickly pointed.S
. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions : from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian. le, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovaryinferior, i-celled, style filiform; stigma undivided, terminal, or oblique and lateral;ovule I, anatropous. Fruit an achene, its apex crowned with the persistent calyx-lobes. Seed-coat membranous ; endosperm fleshy ; embryo straight. About 7 genera and 140 species, natives of the Old World.Scales of the elongated receptacle prickly pointed.S https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/an-illustrated-flora-of-the-northern-united-states-canada-and-the-british-possessions-from-newfoundland-to-the-parallel-of-the-southern-boundary-of-virginia-and-from-the-atlantic-ocean-westward-to-the-102nd-meridian-le-longitudinally-dehiscent-ovaryinferior-i-celled-style-filiform-stigma-undivided-terminal-or-oblique-and-lateralovule-i-anatropous-fruit-an-achene-its-apex-crowned-with-the-persistent-calyx-lobes-seed-coat-membranous-endosperm-fleshy-embryo-straight-about-7-genera-and-140-species-natives-of-the-old-worldscales-of-the-elongated-receptacle-prickly-pointeds-image337148171.html
. Field crop production; a text-book for elementary courses in schools and brief courses in colleges. Agriculture. 44 FIELD CROP PRODUCTION although when the hard endosperm is in a thin layer over the crown, as is found in some varieties, a slight dent is formed. Flint corn is characterized by a somewhat smaller plant than the dent, with a tendency to produce two ears. The ears are smaller in circumference but of about the same length as those of the dent type. The number of rows on the ear varies from 8 to 16, with 8 the most common. The name "eight-rowed " corn is sometimes applied
. Field crop production; a text-book for elementary courses in schools and brief courses in colleges. Agriculture. 44 FIELD CROP PRODUCTION although when the hard endosperm is in a thin layer over the crown, as is found in some varieties, a slight dent is formed. Flint corn is characterized by a somewhat smaller plant than the dent, with a tendency to produce two ears. The ears are smaller in circumference but of about the same length as those of the dent type. The number of rows on the ear varies from 8 to 16, with 8 the most common. The name "eight-rowed " corn is sometimes applied https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/field-crop-production-a-text-book-for-elementary-courses-in-schools-and-brief-courses-in-colleges-agriculture-44-field-crop-production-although-when-the-hard-endosperm-is-in-a-thin-layer-over-the-crown-as-is-found-in-some-varieties-a-slight-dent-is-formed-flint-corn-is-characterized-by-a-somewhat-smaller-plant-than-the-dent-with-a-tendency-to-produce-two-ears-the-ears-are-smaller-in-circumference-but-of-about-the-same-length-as-those-of-the-dent-type-the-number-of-rows-on-the-ear-varies-from-8-to-16-with-8-the-most-common-the-name-quoteight-rowed-quot-corn-is-sometimes-applied-image216406934.html
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. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. SPEEMATOPIIYTES: GYMNOSPEEMS 185 tion. If the internal structures be considered it is much more. It is made up of structures belonging to three gen- erations, as follows : (1) The old sporophyte is represented by seed coat and nucellus, (2) the endosperm is a gameto- phyte, while (3) the embryo is a young sporophyte. It can hardly be said that the seed is simple in structure, or that any real conception of it can be obtained without approach- ing it by way of the lower groups. The organization of the seed checks the growth of the embryo, and this develo
. Plants; a text-book of botany. Botany. SPEEMATOPIIYTES: GYMNOSPEEMS 185 tion. If the internal structures be considered it is much more. It is made up of structures belonging to three gen- erations, as follows : (1) The old sporophyte is represented by seed coat and nucellus, (2) the endosperm is a gameto- phyte, while (3) the embryo is a young sporophyte. It can hardly be said that the seed is simple in structure, or that any real conception of it can be obtained without approach- ing it by way of the lower groups. The organization of the seed checks the growth of the embryo, and this develo https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/plants-a-text-book-of-botany-botany-speematopiiytes-gymnospeems-185-tion-if-the-internal-structures-be-considered-it-is-much-more-it-is-made-up-of-structures-belonging-to-three-gen-erations-as-follows-1-the-old-sporophyte-is-represented-by-seed-coat-and-nucellus-2-the-endosperm-is-a-gameto-phyte-while-3-the-embryo-is-a-young-sporophyte-it-can-hardly-be-said-that-the-seed-is-simple-in-structure-or-that-any-real-conception-of-it-can-be-obtained-without-approach-ing-it-by-way-of-the-lower-groups-the-organization-of-the-seed-checks-the-growth-of-the-embryo-and-this-develo-image232282435.html
. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. 24 KEY AND FLORA The flower cluster and the flower of a sedge may be under- stood from an inspection of Fig. 6. The species are even more difficult to determine than those of grasses.. Pig. 5. Inflorescence, flower, and seed, of a sedge (Great Bulrush, Scirpus lacustris) A, magnified flower, surrounded by a perianth of hypogynous bristles; B, the seed; O, section ol the seed, showing the small embryo inclosed in the base of the endosperm. (After Lindley) 6. ARACE.^;. Arum Family Perennial herbs, with pungent or acrid juice. Leaves often netted-veined. Sm
. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. 24 KEY AND FLORA The flower cluster and the flower of a sedge may be under- stood from an inspection of Fig. 6. The species are even more difficult to determine than those of grasses.. Pig. 5. Inflorescence, flower, and seed, of a sedge (Great Bulrush, Scirpus lacustris) A, magnified flower, surrounded by a perianth of hypogynous bristles; B, the seed; O, section ol the seed, showing the small embryo inclosed in the base of the endosperm. (After Lindley) 6. ARACE.^;. Arum Family Perennial herbs, with pungent or acrid juice. Leaves often netted-veined. Sm https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/essentials-of-botany-botany-botany-24-key-and-flora-the-flower-cluster-and-the-flower-of-a-sedge-may-be-under-stood-from-an-inspection-of-fig-6-the-species-are-even-more-difficult-to-determine-than-those-of-grasses-pig-5-inflorescence-flower-and-seed-of-a-sedge-great-bulrush-scirpus-lacustris-a-magnified-flower-surrounded-by-a-perianth-of-hypogynous-bristles-b-the-seed-o-section-ol-the-seed-showing-the-small-embryo-inclosed-in-the-base-of-the-endosperm-after-lindley-6-arace-arum-family-perennial-herbs-with-pungent-or-acrid-juice-leaves-often-netted-veined-sm-image216444383.html
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. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . oderm adhering to endo-sperm; ^/& endosperm surrounding cavity of the nut; Agerminating eye. (Winton.) receptacle and ovary wall. If the flower has several ovaries, these onripening form an aggregate fruit. A compound or multiple fruit consistsof the united fruits of several flowers. The receptacle of aggregate andcompound fruits is sometimes fleshy, forming the bulk of the fruit. Ex-amples are the strawberry, an aggregate fruit with nutlets on the outsideof a fleshy rec
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . oderm adhering to endo-sperm; ^/& endosperm surrounding cavity of the nut; Agerminating eye. (Winton.) receptacle and ovary wall. If the flower has several ovaries, these onripening form an aggregate fruit. A compound or multiple fruit consistsof the united fruits of several flowers. The receptacle of aggregate andcompound fruits is sometimes fleshy, forming the bulk of the fruit. Ex-amples are the strawberry, an aggregate fruit with nutlets on the outsideof a fleshy rec https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-microscopy-of-vegetable-foods-with-special-reference-to-the-detection-of-adulteration-and-the-diagnosis-of-mixtures-oderm-adhering-to-endo-sperm-endosperm-surrounding-cavity-of-the-nut-agerminating-eye-winton-receptacle-and-ovary-wall-if-the-flower-has-several-ovaries-these-onripening-form-an-aggregate-fruit-a-compound-or-multiple-fruit-consistsof-the-united-fruits-of-several-flowers-the-receptacle-of-aggregate-andcompound-fruits-is-sometimes-fleshy-forming-the-bulk-of-the-fruit-ex-amples-are-the-strawberry-an-aggregate-fruit-with-nutlets-on-the-outsideof-a-fleshy-rec-image369638714.html
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 54. — A, a vertical section through an Oat ovary showing one style and stigma, the ovary wall, and the parts of the ovule. B, a vertical section through an Oat kernel showing its parts. After comparing with Figure S3 label the parts of A and B and with lines indicate the parts of A from which the parts of B have developed.. Fig. 55. — A diagram showing the relation of the parts of the ovule to those of the seed in Red Clover. A, ovule just after fertilization showing the egg (e) and the endosperm nucleus (d). B, seed with half of the seed coat
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 54. — A, a vertical section through an Oat ovary showing one style and stigma, the ovary wall, and the parts of the ovule. B, a vertical section through an Oat kernel showing its parts. After comparing with Figure S3 label the parts of A and B and with lines indicate the parts of A from which the parts of B have developed.. Fig. 55. — A diagram showing the relation of the parts of the ovule to those of the seed in Red Clover. A, ovule just after fertilization showing the egg (e) and the endosperm nucleus (d). B, seed with half of the seed coat https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-agricultural-students-botany-fig-54-a-a-vertical-section-through-an-oat-ovary-showing-one-style-and-stigma-the-ovary-wall-and-the-parts-of-the-ovule-b-a-vertical-section-through-an-oat-kernel-showing-its-parts-after-comparing-with-figure-s3-label-the-parts-of-a-and-b-and-with-lines-indicate-the-parts-of-a-from-which-the-parts-of-b-have-developed-fig-55-a-diagram-showing-the-relation-of-the-parts-of-the-ovule-to-those-of-the-seed-in-red-clover-a-ovule-just-after-fertilization-showing-the-egg-e-and-the-endosperm-nucleus-d-b-seed-with-half-of-the-seed-coat-image216449304.html
Heart frame formed by coffee beans over a white background
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. Botany for agricultural students. Plants. SEEDS OF THE BUCKWHEAT AND FLAX TYPE 59. endosperm. Another feature to be noted is that the embryo has two cotyledons. In external characters they vary so much that their type in most cases can be determined only by an examination of their structure. In size, those most commonly grown in our region vary from the smallest of the Clover Seeds up to the largest of the Beans. They are kidney-shaped, glob- ular, oval, or flattened. Among them vari- ous colors such as red, purple, brown, yellow, green, mottled, and black occur. In identifying the different
. Botany for agricultural students. Plants. SEEDS OF THE BUCKWHEAT AND FLAX TYPE 59. endosperm. Another feature to be noted is that the embryo has two cotyledons. In external characters they vary so much that their type in most cases can be determined only by an examination of their structure. In size, those most commonly grown in our region vary from the smallest of the Clover Seeds up to the largest of the Beans. They are kidney-shaped, glob- ular, oval, or flattened. Among them vari- ous colors such as red, purple, brown, yellow, green, mottled, and black occur. In identifying the different https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-agricultural-students-plants-seeds-of-the-buckwheat-and-flax-type-59-endosperm-another-feature-to-be-noted-is-that-the-embryo-has-two-cotyledons-in-external-characters-they-vary-so-much-that-their-type-in-most-cases-can-be-determined-only-by-an-examination-of-their-structure-in-size-those-most-commonly-grown-in-our-region-vary-from-the-smallest-of-the-clover-seeds-up-to-the-largest-of-the-beans-they-are-kidney-shaped-glob-ular-oval-or-flattened-among-them-vari-ous-colors-such-as-red-purple-brown-yellow-green-mottled-and-black-occur-in-identifying-the-different-image234382069.html
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. GRAIN OF WHEAT 65 nel contains most of the oil, the oil content depends largely upon the size of the embryo. (Fig. 68.) Sometimes, however, much of the starch of the endosperm is replaced by sugar, as in case of Sweet Corn, which is much used as a vegetable on account of its soft sweet endosperm. Grain of Wheat. — In structure, a grain of Wheat is similar to a kernel of Corn. In the section through a Wheat grain, shown in Figure 69, though the parts are not labelled, they can be deter- mined by referring to the section of the Corn kernel shown in. C
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. GRAIN OF WHEAT 65 nel contains most of the oil, the oil content depends largely upon the size of the embryo. (Fig. 68.) Sometimes, however, much of the starch of the endosperm is replaced by sugar, as in case of Sweet Corn, which is much used as a vegetable on account of its soft sweet endosperm. Grain of Wheat. — In structure, a grain of Wheat is similar to a kernel of Corn. In the section through a Wheat grain, shown in Figure 69, though the parts are not labelled, they can be deter- mined by referring to the section of the Corn kernel shown in. C https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-agricultural-students-botany-grain-of-wheat-65-nel-contains-most-of-the-oil-the-oil-content-depends-largely-upon-the-size-of-the-embryo-fig-68-sometimes-however-much-of-the-starch-of-the-endosperm-is-replaced-by-sugar-as-in-case-of-sweet-corn-which-is-much-used-as-a-vegetable-on-account-of-its-soft-sweet-endosperm-grain-of-wheat-in-structure-a-grain-of-wheat-is-similar-to-a-kernel-of-corn-in-the-section-through-a-wheat-grain-shown-in-figure-69-though-the-parts-are-not-labelled-they-can-be-deter-mined-by-referring-to-the-section-of-the-corn-kernel-shown-in-c-image216449277.html
Word coffee created with coffee beans over a white background
Word coffee created with coffee beans over a white background https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/word-coffee-created-with-coffee-beans-over-a-white-background-image337215581.html
. The elements of botany embracing organography, histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and economic botany ... together with a complete glossary of botanical terms. Botany. PHJLNOGAMIA. 161 i». a rudimentary root at the other (Fig. 277, r.d). The embryo-sac develops within it a mass of cells, called the endosperm, at the expense of which the embryo, or rudimentary plantlet, grows. The ovules become much enlarged while the embryo is forming, and their outer coat generally becomes thickened and more or less hardened. At this stage it is called the Seed, and at maturity sepa- rates f
. The elements of botany embracing organography, histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and economic botany ... together with a complete glossary of botanical terms. Botany. PHJLNOGAMIA. 161 i». a rudimentary root at the other (Fig. 277, r.d). The embryo-sac develops within it a mass of cells, called the endosperm, at the expense of which the embryo, or rudimentary plantlet, grows. The ovules become much enlarged while the embryo is forming, and their outer coat generally becomes thickened and more or less hardened. At this stage it is called the Seed, and at maturity sepa- rates f https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-elements-of-botany-embracing-organography-histology-vegetable-physiology-systematic-botany-and-economic-botany-together-with-a-complete-glossary-of-botanical-terms-botany-phjlnogamia-161-i-a-rudimentary-root-at-the-other-fig-277-rd-the-embryo-sac-develops-within-it-a-mass-of-cells-called-the-endosperm-at-the-expense-of-which-the-embryo-or-rudimentary-plantlet-grows-the-ovules-become-much-enlarged-while-the-embryo-is-forming-and-their-outer-coat-generally-becomes-thickened-and-more-or-less-hardened-at-this-stage-it-is-called-the-seed-and-at-maturity-sepa-rates-f-image232127460.html
. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. 326 ESSENTIALS OF BOTANY one is the cocoanut (Fig. 226), a drupe containing an enor- mous seed with oily endosperm, eaten in its natural con- dition, and also used in the preparation of many well-known dishes and in confectionery. Chocolate, so well known as a food, a flavoring, and as a beverage, is made from the ground or crushed seeds of the cacao tree (Fig. 227), cultivated in many tropical countries, originally a native of Mexico. Cocoa is merely chocolate deprived of a large part of its oily material. Coffee, which has little value as a food, but i
. Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. 326 ESSENTIALS OF BOTANY one is the cocoanut (Fig. 226), a drupe containing an enor- mous seed with oily endosperm, eaten in its natural con- dition, and also used in the preparation of many well-known dishes and in confectionery. Chocolate, so well known as a food, a flavoring, and as a beverage, is made from the ground or crushed seeds of the cacao tree (Fig. 227), cultivated in many tropical countries, originally a native of Mexico. Cocoa is merely chocolate deprived of a large part of its oily material. Coffee, which has little value as a food, but i https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/essentials-of-botany-botany-botany-326-essentials-of-botany-one-is-the-cocoanut-fig-226-a-drupe-containing-an-enor-mous-seed-with-oily-endosperm-eaten-in-its-natural-con-dition-and-also-used-in-the-preparation-of-many-well-known-dishes-and-in-confectionery-chocolate-so-well-known-as-a-food-a-flavoring-and-as-a-beverage-is-made-from-the-ground-or-crushed-seeds-of-the-cacao-tree-fig-227-cultivated-in-many-tropical-countries-originally-a-native-of-mexico-cocoa-is-merely-chocolate-deprived-of-a-large-part-of-its-oily-material-coffee-which-has-little-value-as-a-food-but-i-image216454557.html
Heart frame formed by coffee beans over a white background
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. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. CYCADALES 129 endosperm is differentiated into an endosperm jacket or tapetum as conspicuous as the tapetum of any fern or angiosperm microsporan- gium. In the mature seed the outer fleshy layer remains fresh for a while, and then either dries or decays. All the sporophytic tissue within the stony layer, including the irmer fleshy layer, the nucellus, and the base of the ovule, becomes reduced to a thin dry membrane in which the bundles of the inner vascular system are the most notice- able feature.. 123 124 Figs. 123-125.—Dioon edule
. Morphology of gymnosperms. Gymnosperms; Plant morphology. CYCADALES 129 endosperm is differentiated into an endosperm jacket or tapetum as conspicuous as the tapetum of any fern or angiosperm microsporan- gium. In the mature seed the outer fleshy layer remains fresh for a while, and then either dries or decays. All the sporophytic tissue within the stony layer, including the irmer fleshy layer, the nucellus, and the base of the ovule, becomes reduced to a thin dry membrane in which the bundles of the inner vascular system are the most notice- able feature.. 123 124 Figs. 123-125.—Dioon edule https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/morphology-of-gymnosperms-gymnosperms-plant-morphology-cycadales-129-endosperm-is-differentiated-into-an-endosperm-jacket-or-tapetum-as-conspicuous-as-the-tapetum-of-any-fern-or-angiosperm-microsporan-gium-in-the-mature-seed-the-outer-fleshy-layer-remains-fresh-for-a-while-and-then-either-dries-or-decays-all-the-sporophytic-tissue-within-the-stony-layer-including-the-irmer-fleshy-layer-the-nucellus-and-the-base-of-the-ovule-becomes-reduced-to-a-thin-dry-membrane-in-which-the-bundles-of-the-inner-vascular-system-are-the-most-notice-able-feature-123-124-figs-123-125dioon-edule-image232103861.html
. The essentials of botany. Botany. 218 BOTANY. 463. The ovule-bearing flowers consist of the well-known cones which, when mature, bear the seeds (Fig. 122). The cone consists of a stem bearing many leaf-like scales closely crowded together, and upon these the ovules are produced. Each ovule has one coat which grows up from below, almost covering it; but as the ovules grow they bend. Fia 123.—Part of a Pine-ovule, cm, the body of the ovule; to, embryo-sac filled ipith endosperm, en, which contains two large cells (rudimentary archegones): re, neck of archegone; pi, pollen-tubes growing upward
. The essentials of botany. Botany. 218 BOTANY. 463. The ovule-bearing flowers consist of the well-known cones which, when mature, bear the seeds (Fig. 122). The cone consists of a stem bearing many leaf-like scales closely crowded together, and upon these the ovules are produced. Each ovule has one coat which grows up from below, almost covering it; but as the ovules grow they bend. Fia 123.—Part of a Pine-ovule, cm, the body of the ovule; to, embryo-sac filled ipith endosperm, en, which contains two large cells (rudimentary archegones): re, neck of archegone; pi, pollen-tubes growing upward https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-essentials-of-botany-botany-218-botany-463-the-ovule-bearing-flowers-consist-of-the-well-known-cones-which-when-mature-bear-the-seeds-fig-122-the-cone-consists-of-a-stem-bearing-many-leaf-like-scales-closely-crowded-together-and-upon-these-the-ovules-are-produced-each-ovule-has-one-coat-which-grows-up-from-below-almost-covering-it-but-as-the-ovules-grow-they-bend-fia-123part-of-a-pine-ovule-cm-the-body-of-the-ovule-to-embryo-sac-filled-ipith-endosperm-en-which-contains-two-large-cells-rudimentary-archegones-re-neck-of-archegone-pi-pollen-tubes-growing-upward-image216447546.html
Cup of coffee shape and the word coffee created with coffee beans over a white background
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. Cytology, with special reference to the metazoan nucleus. Cells; Cytology. MEIOTIC PHASE IN PLANTS 213 At fertilization the two male gamete nuclei which are formed in each pollen grain are both introduced into the embryo-sac ; one fuses with the ovum nucleus to produce the zygote, while the other fuses with the central fusion nucleus, forming thus a triploid nucleus. This afterwards gives rise to the endosperm, or reserve food material of the seed. For a more detailed account of the gametophyte and fertilization in the flowering plants the reader is referred to any comprehensive work on bota
. Cytology, with special reference to the metazoan nucleus. Cells; Cytology. MEIOTIC PHASE IN PLANTS 213 At fertilization the two male gamete nuclei which are formed in each pollen grain are both introduced into the embryo-sac ; one fuses with the ovum nucleus to produce the zygote, while the other fuses with the central fusion nucleus, forming thus a triploid nucleus. This afterwards gives rise to the endosperm, or reserve food material of the seed. For a more detailed account of the gametophyte and fertilization in the flowering plants the reader is referred to any comprehensive work on bota https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/cytology-with-special-reference-to-the-metazoan-nucleus-cells-cytology-meiotic-phase-in-plants-213-at-fertilization-the-two-male-gamete-nuclei-which-are-formed-in-each-pollen-grain-are-both-introduced-into-the-embryo-sac-one-fuses-with-the-ovum-nucleus-to-produce-the-zygote-while-the-other-fuses-with-the-central-fusion-nucleus-forming-thus-a-triploid-nucleus-this-afterwards-gives-rise-to-the-endosperm-or-reserve-food-material-of-the-seed-for-a-more-detailed-account-of-the-gametophyte-and-fertilization-in-the-flowering-plants-the-reader-is-referred-to-any-comprehensive-work-on-bota-image231789564.html
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. JL B Fig. 44. — Surface view of an ovule at two stages of development. A, stage of development showing the integuments (a, 6) growing up over the nucellus (n). B, older stage in which the integuments have closed over the nucellus, leaving only a small opening, the micropyle (m). s, the funiculus. Much enlarged.. Fig. 45. — Section through the ovule of Red Clover show- ing the embryo sac. em, em- bryo sac with the egg (e) and the primary endosperm nucleus (en) indicated; i, integuments; TO, micropyle. Many times enlarged. come seed. How much could th
. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. JL B Fig. 44. — Surface view of an ovule at two stages of development. A, stage of development showing the integuments (a, 6) growing up over the nucellus (n). B, older stage in which the integuments have closed over the nucellus, leaving only a small opening, the micropyle (m). s, the funiculus. Much enlarged.. Fig. 45. — Section through the ovule of Red Clover show- ing the embryo sac. em, em- bryo sac with the egg (e) and the primary endosperm nucleus (en) indicated; i, integuments; TO, micropyle. Many times enlarged. come seed. How much could th https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/botany-for-agricultural-students-botany-jl-b-fig-44-surface-view-of-an-ovule-at-two-stages-of-development-a-stage-of-development-showing-the-integuments-a-6-growing-up-over-the-nucellus-n-b-older-stage-in-which-the-integuments-have-closed-over-the-nucellus-leaving-only-a-small-opening-the-micropyle-m-s-the-funiculus-much-enlarged-fig-45-section-through-the-ovule-of-red-clover-show-ing-the-embryo-sac-em-em-bryo-sac-with-the-egg-e-and-the-primary-endosperm-nucleus-en-indicated-i-integuments-to-micropyle-many-times-enlarged-come-seed-how-much-could-th-image216449327.html
Coffee bean shape created with coffee beans and a coffee mug filled with coffee beans over a white background
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. Contributions from the Laboratory of Plant Genetics. The Inheritance of Quantitative Characters in Maize LI The actual results are so close to those expected on the theory that it would be a most wonderful coincidence if the theory were not correct. The original basis for the theory developed by East (1910) was of this same character. Two factors for the production of yellow color in the endosperm of maize were found. The pres- ence of either factor produced yellow seeds identical in appear- ance, but each was allelomorphic to its own absence in crosses. An ear with the zygotic formula Y1Y1
. Contributions from the Laboratory of Plant Genetics. The Inheritance of Quantitative Characters in Maize LI The actual results are so close to those expected on the theory that it would be a most wonderful coincidence if the theory were not correct. The original basis for the theory developed by East (1910) was of this same character. Two factors for the production of yellow color in the endosperm of maize were found. The pres- ence of either factor produced yellow seeds identical in appear- ance, but each was allelomorphic to its own absence in crosses. An ear with the zygotic formula Y1Y1 https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/contributions-from-the-laboratory-of-plant-genetics-the-inheritance-of-quantitative-characters-in-maize-li-the-actual-results-are-so-close-to-those-expected-on-the-theory-that-it-would-be-a-most-wonderful-coincidence-if-the-theory-were-not-correct-the-original-basis-for-the-theory-developed-by-east-1910-was-of-this-same-character-two-factors-for-the-production-of-yellow-color-in-the-endosperm-of-maize-were-found-the-pres-ence-of-either-factor-produced-yellow-seeds-identical-in-appear-ance-but-each-was-allelomorphic-to-its-own-absence-in-crosses-an-ear-with-the-zygotic-formula-y1y1-image232556151.html
. Key and flora : northern and central states . Botany. 146 KEY AND FLORA or twice as many. Fruit a 3-lobed capsule. Seeds containing fleshy or oily endosperm. Most of the family are natives of hot regions, many of them of peculiar aspect from their adap- tation to life in dry climates. [The family is too difS.cult for the beginner in botany to determine many of its genera and species with certainty, but a few are described below.J I. JATROPHA L. Shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate. Mowers monoecious, staminate and pistillate intermixed in the cymes, apetalous. Calyx large, white, 5-lobed, corol
. Key and flora : northern and central states . Botany. 146 KEY AND FLORA or twice as many. Fruit a 3-lobed capsule. Seeds containing fleshy or oily endosperm. Most of the family are natives of hot regions, many of them of peculiar aspect from their adap- tation to life in dry climates. [The family is too difS.cult for the beginner in botany to determine many of its genera and species with certainty, but a few are described below.J I. JATROPHA L. Shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate. Mowers monoecious, staminate and pistillate intermixed in the cymes, apetalous. Calyx large, white, 5-lobed, corol https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/key-and-flora-northern-and-central-states-botany-146-key-and-flora-or-twice-as-many-fruit-a-3-lobed-capsule-seeds-containing-fleshy-or-oily-endosperm-most-of-the-family-are-natives-of-hot-regions-many-of-them-of-peculiar-aspect-from-their-adap-tation-to-life-in-dry-climates-the-family-is-too-difscult-for-the-beginner-in-botany-to-determine-many-of-its-genera-and-species-with-certainty-but-a-few-are-described-belowj-i-jatropha-l-shrubs-or-herbs-leaves-alternate-mowers-monoecious-staminate-and-pistillate-intermixed-in-the-cymes-apetalous-calyx-large-white-5-lobed-corol-image216417808.html
I love coffee sign made with coffee beans and a mug
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. How crops grow. A treatise on the chemical composition, structure, and life of the plant, for all students of agriculture ... Agricultural chemistry; Growth (Plants). 304 HOW CROPS GEOW. buckwheat, flax, and tobacco, contain an endosperm. The seeds of nearly all other exogenous agricultural plants are destitute of au endosperm, and, exclusive of the coats, consist-entirely of embryo. Such are the seeds of the Le- guminosse, viz., the bean, pea, and clover; of the Cracif- erae, viz., turnip, radish, and cabbage; of ordinary fruits, the apple, pear, cherry, plum, and peach; of the gourd family
. How crops grow. A treatise on the chemical composition, structure, and life of the plant, for all students of agriculture ... Agricultural chemistry; Growth (Plants). 304 HOW CROPS GEOW. buckwheat, flax, and tobacco, contain an endosperm. The seeds of nearly all other exogenous agricultural plants are destitute of au endosperm, and, exclusive of the coats, consist-entirely of embryo. Such are the seeds of the Le- guminosse, viz., the bean, pea, and clover; of the Cracif- erae, viz., turnip, radish, and cabbage; of ordinary fruits, the apple, pear, cherry, plum, and peach; of the gourd family https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/how-crops-grow-a-treatise-on-the-chemical-composition-structure-and-life-of-the-plant-for-all-students-of-agriculture-agricultural-chemistry-growth-plants-304-how-crops-geow-buckwheat-flax-and-tobacco-contain-an-endosperm-the-seeds-of-nearly-all-other-exogenous-agricultural-plants-are-destitute-of-au-endosperm-and-exclusive-of-the-coats-consist-entirely-of-embryo-such-are-the-seeds-of-the-le-guminosse-viz-the-bean-pea-and-clover-of-the-cracif-erae-viz-turnip-radish-and-cabbage-of-ordinary-fruits-the-apple-pear-cherry-plum-and-peach-of-the-gourd-family-image232122464.html
. Plant life and plant uses; an elementary textbook, a foundation for the study of agriculture, domestic science or college botany. Botany. Fig. I4g. — Diagrams of lengthwise sections of the seeds of rice, wheat, and corn, the three most important sources of the food of man. A, rice; o, the seed coat; b, the aleurone (protein) layer of the endosperm; c, the starchy part of the en- dosperm ; d, the embryo. B, wheat; k, the embryo; a, the gluten (protein) layer; t, layers of the husk which is partly pericarp and partly testa; s, the starchy part of the endosperm. C, corn; c, the seed coat; e, th
. Plant life and plant uses; an elementary textbook, a foundation for the study of agriculture, domestic science or college botany. Botany. Fig. I4g. — Diagrams of lengthwise sections of the seeds of rice, wheat, and corn, the three most important sources of the food of man. A, rice; o, the seed coat; b, the aleurone (protein) layer of the endosperm; c, the starchy part of the en- dosperm ; d, the embryo. B, wheat; k, the embryo; a, the gluten (protein) layer; t, layers of the husk which is partly pericarp and partly testa; s, the starchy part of the endosperm. C, corn; c, the seed coat; e, th https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/plant-life-and-plant-uses-an-elementary-textbook-a-foundation-for-the-study-of-agriculture-domestic-science-or-college-botany-botany-fig-i4g-diagrams-of-lengthwise-sections-of-the-seeds-of-rice-wheat-and-corn-the-three-most-important-sources-of-the-food-of-man-a-rice-o-the-seed-coat-b-the-aleurone-protein-layer-of-the-endosperm-c-the-starchy-part-of-the-en-dosperm-d-the-embryo-b-wheat-k-the-embryo-a-the-gluten-protein-layer-t-layers-of-the-husk-which-is-partly-pericarp-and-partly-testa-s-the-starchy-part-of-the-endosperm-c-corn-c-the-seed-coat-e-th-image216447381.html
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. Maize; its history, cultivation, handling, and uses, with special reference to South Africa; a text-book for farmers, students of agriculture, and teachers of nature study. Corn; Corn. BOTANICAL CHARACTERS T07 *»d with the nucleus of the egg-cell to form the embryo (Fig. 54); fertilization is then accomplished. The other male nucleus fuses with the two fused female polar-nuclei; from these the endosperm is developed. Cell-growth and cell-division then commence, and are continued until the mature seed is developed. The chromosomes of maize are small and difficult to study, and scarcely anythi
. Maize; its history, cultivation, handling, and uses, with special reference to South Africa; a text-book for farmers, students of agriculture, and teachers of nature study. Corn; Corn. BOTANICAL CHARACTERS T07 *»d with the nucleus of the egg-cell to form the embryo (Fig. 54); fertilization is then accomplished. The other male nucleus fuses with the two fused female polar-nuclei; from these the endosperm is developed. Cell-growth and cell-division then commence, and are continued until the mature seed is developed. The chromosomes of maize are small and difficult to study, and scarcely anythi https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/maize-its-history-cultivation-handling-and-uses-with-special-reference-to-south-africa-a-text-book-for-farmers-students-of-agriculture-and-teachers-of-nature-study-corn-corn-botanical-characters-t07-d-with-the-nucleus-of-the-egg-cell-to-form-the-embryo-fig-54-fertilization-is-then-accomplished-the-other-male-nucleus-fuses-with-the-two-fused-female-polar-nuclei-from-these-the-endosperm-is-developed-cell-growth-and-cell-division-then-commence-and-are-continued-until-the-mature-seed-is-developed-the-chromosomes-of-maize-are-small-and-difficult-to-study-and-scarcely-anythi-image232386031.html
. Beginners' botany. Botany. Fig. 21.— Germina- tion OF Castor Bean. Fig. 22. — Castor Bean. Endosperm at a,n', coty- ledons at b. Fig. 23. — Germination Complete in Castor Bean. Endosperm at a, sorbing its substance (Fig. 22). The cotyledons increase in size as they reach the air (Fig. 23), and become funp- tional leaves.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Bailey, L. H. (Liberty Hyde), 1858-1954. New York, Th
. Beginners' botany. Botany. Fig. 21.— Germina- tion OF Castor Bean. Fig. 22. — Castor Bean. Endosperm at a,n', coty- ledons at b. Fig. 23. — Germination Complete in Castor Bean. Endosperm at a, sorbing its substance (Fig. 22). The cotyledons increase in size as they reach the air (Fig. 23), and become funp- tional leaves.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Bailey, L. H. (Liberty Hyde), 1858-1954. New York, Th https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/beginners-botany-botany-fig-21-germina-tion-of-castor-bean-fig-22-castor-bean-endosperm-at-an-coty-ledons-at-b-fig-23-germination-complete-in-castor-bean-endosperm-at-a-sorbing-its-substance-fig-22-the-cotyledons-increase-in-size-as-they-reach-the-air-fig-23-and-become-funp-tional-leaves-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-bailey-l-h-liberty-hyde-1858-1954-new-york-th-image216408599.html
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. The biology of flowering plants. Phanerogams; Plant physiology; Plant ecology; Plant Physiology. LEAF NODULES 265 it is infected through the stomata. From the growing point the ovary and the seeds are infected, the latter through the micropyle. In the seeds the bacterium lives between the embryo and the endosperm, and infects the growing point anew as the seed germinates. It was found possible to sterilise the seeds by careful heating, and on the sterile plants which were obtained no galls appeared. Such plants grown in nitrogen-free soils gave very poor. Please note that these images are ex
. The biology of flowering plants. Phanerogams; Plant physiology; Plant ecology; Plant Physiology. LEAF NODULES 265 it is infected through the stomata. From the growing point the ovary and the seeds are infected, the latter through the micropyle. In the seeds the bacterium lives between the embryo and the endosperm, and infects the growing point anew as the seed germinates. It was found possible to sterilise the seeds by careful heating, and on the sterile plants which were obtained no galls appeared. Such plants grown in nitrogen-free soils gave very poor. Please note that these images are ex https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/the-biology-of-flowering-plants-phanerogams-plant-physiology-plant-ecology-plant-physiology-leaf-nodules-265-it-is-infected-through-the-stomata-from-the-growing-point-the-ovary-and-the-seeds-are-infected-the-latter-through-the-micropyle-in-the-seeds-the-bacterium-lives-between-the-embryo-and-the-endosperm-and-infects-the-growing-point-anew-as-the-seed-germinates-it-was-found-possible-to-sterilise-the-seeds-by-careful-heating-and-on-the-sterile-plants-which-were-obtained-no-galls-appeared-such-plants-grown-in-nitrogen-free-soils-gave-very-poor-please-note-that-these-images-are-ex-image234607258.html
. Deutsche Flora. Pharmaceutisch-medicinische Botanik. Ein Grundriss der systematischen Botanik zum Selbststudium für Aerzte, Apotheker und Botaniker. Plants; Medicinal plants. Unterfamilie 3. Frumentaceae. -Gräser aller Zonen mit flachen Blättern und hohlen Halmen von mittlerer Höhe, mit ährenf. , selten rispig angeordneten, meist mehrblumigen, seltener einblumigen Aehrchen. Alle sind ausgezeichnet durch Endosperm grosser, ein- facher, rundlicher, kugeliger, ovaler etc. Stärkekörner. Kreuzungen zwischen Gliedern dieser und einer der vorhergehenden Unterfamilien kommen nicht vor. Endosperm, na
. Deutsche Flora. Pharmaceutisch-medicinische Botanik. Ein Grundriss der systematischen Botanik zum Selbststudium für Aerzte, Apotheker und Botaniker. Plants; Medicinal plants. Unterfamilie 3. Frumentaceae. -Gräser aller Zonen mit flachen Blättern und hohlen Halmen von mittlerer Höhe, mit ährenf. , selten rispig angeordneten, meist mehrblumigen, seltener einblumigen Aehrchen. Alle sind ausgezeichnet durch Endosperm grosser, ein- facher, rundlicher, kugeliger, ovaler etc. Stärkekörner. Kreuzungen zwischen Gliedern dieser und einer der vorhergehenden Unterfamilien kommen nicht vor. Endosperm, na https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1 https://www.alamy.com/deutsche-flora-pharmaceutisch-medicinische-botanik-ein-grundriss-der-systematischen-botanik-zum-selbststudium-fr-aerzte-apotheker-und-botaniker-plants-medicinal-plants-unterfamilie-3-frumentaceae-grser-aller-zonen-mit-flachen-blttern-und-hohlen-halmen-von-mittlerer-hhe-mit-hrenf-selten-rispig-angeordneten-meist-mehrblumigen-seltener-einblumigen-aehrchen-alle-sind-ausgezeichnet-durch-endosperm-grosser-ein-facher-rundlicher-kugeliger-ovaler-etc-strkekrner-kreuzungen-zwischen-gliedern-dieser-und-einer-der-vorhergehenden-unterfamilien-kommen-nicht-vor-endosperm-na-image215953776.html
I love coffee sign made with coffee beans and a mug
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![. Grasses of North America [microform] : chapters on the physiology, composition, selection, improving and cultivation of grasses, management of grass lands, also chapters on clovers, injurious insects and fungi. Grasses; Forage plants; Graminées; Plantes fourragères. 49 THE SEED. endosperm. The starch in the plant takes the place of milk to the colt, calf, or pig. The milk is secreted by the mother animal; the starch was formed in the leaves of the mother plant and deposited in the seed for future use of the seedling. As tlie water ram needs some water to move it, to enable it to send some of - Stock Image](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RJ6NGT/grasses-of-north-america-microform-chapters-on-the-physiology-composition-selection-improving-and-cultivation-of-grasses-management-of-grass-lands-also-chapters-on-clovers-injurious-insects-and-fungi-grasses-forage-plants-gramines-plantes-fourragres-49-the-seed-endosperm-the-starch-in-the-plant-takes-the-place-of-milk-to-the-colt-calf-or-pig-the-milk-is-secreted-by-the-mother-animal-the-starch-was-formed-in-the-leaves-of-the-mother-plant-and-deposited-in-the-seed-for-future-use-of-the-seedling-as-tlie-water-ram-needs-some-water-to-move-it-to-enable-it-to-send-some-of-RJ6NGT.jpg)
![. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . from tlu outerspermoderm and ondocarpljy introducing a knifc-bladc between the layers.By this operation the veins are s])lit, j)art of the va.scular ti.s.sue adheringto the convex surface of the inner spermoderm and the remainder to coco AN UT. 283 the concave surface of the outer spermoderm, so that both surfaces arccovered with reticulations. The endosperm or meat (Alb.) is a white, fleshylayer, 1-2 cm. thick, in which, near the base,is embedded the small embryo. While - Stock Image](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/2CD871P/the-microscopy-of-vegetable-foods-with-special-reference-to-the-detection-of-adulteration-and-the-diagnosis-of-mixtures-from-tlu-outerspermoderm-and-ondocarpljy-introducing-a-knifc-bladc-between-the-layersby-this-operation-the-veins-are-s-lit-jart-of-the-vascular-tissue-adheringto-the-convex-surface-of-the-inner-spermoderm-and-the-remainder-to-coco-an-ut-283-the-concave-surface-of-the-outer-spermoderm-so-that-both-surfaces-arccovered-with-reticulations-the-endosperm-or-meat-alb-is-a-white-fleshylayer-1-2-cm-thick-in-which-near-the-baseis-embedded-the-small-embryo-while-2CD871P.jpg)
![. Fossil plants : for students of botany and geology . Paleobotany. XLnr] TAXESTEAE 161 strands, and stomata occur on both surfaces^. The small megastrobili consist of spiral or decussate scales, each with one seed. Miss Young^ mentions the occurrence of tracheids with spiral bands: a single large pit occupies the field of a ray-cell as in Dacrydium Franklini^. The seed in the early stage of development shows signs of a ruminated endosperm. TAXINEAE. The occurrence of spiral bands in the secondary tracheids is a family-character but similar tracheids are not uncommon in other Conifers. Taxus. - Stock Image](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG0D80/fossil-plants-for-students-of-botany-and-geology-paleobotany-xlnr-taxesteae-161-strands-and-stomata-occur-on-both-surfaces-the-small-megastrobili-consist-of-spiral-or-decussate-scales-each-with-one-seed-miss-young-mentions-the-occurrence-of-tracheids-with-spiral-bands-a-single-large-pit-occupies-the-field-of-a-ray-cell-as-in-dacrydium-franklini-the-seed-in-the-early-stage-of-development-shows-signs-of-a-ruminated-endosperm-taxineae-the-occurrence-of-spiral-bands-in-the-secondary-tracheids-is-a-family-character-but-similar-tracheids-are-not-uncommon-in-other-conifers-taxus-PG0D80.jpg)
