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. American engineer and railroad journal . sq. in.) were too low to make the results of muchvalue to-day, some of the conclusions reported are significant. First: That the diameter of a safety valve is not an infallible test oiits efficiency. Second: That the lift which can be obtained in a safety valve, otherconditions being equal, i.y a test of its efficiency. The present rule of the Board as giver, above, formulated byL. D. Lovekin, Chief Engineer of the New York Shipbuild-ing Co., was adopted in 1904. Its derivation assumes practicallya 45 degree seat and a valve lift of 1/32 of the nomina Stock Photo
RM2CH25H4–. American engineer and railroad journal . sq. in.) were too low to make the results of muchvalue to-day, some of the conclusions reported are significant. First: That the diameter of a safety valve is not an infallible test oiits efficiency. Second: That the lift which can be obtained in a safety valve, otherconditions being equal, i.y a test of its efficiency. The present rule of the Board as giver, above, formulated byL. D. Lovekin, Chief Engineer of the New York Shipbuild-ing Co., was adopted in 1904. Its derivation assumes practicallya 45 degree seat and a valve lift of 1/32 of the nomina
. American engineer and railroad journal . ]^-]Mrn Loiigiludimil Stction i^^^^^^^ss^^^pE-^ssr <)«ainii4>)-ujjitrl^wltli t>ilLH auduu.il HUlKtratorti (itrir-,luH lOun litt Iftx yijiUUi y. Mala Ljifoi otWeSbopFlour Um itXl* Qiadc Line Oracle Line ^ 4 / Hilinlt tiirued ujj against brickwork 1113^^^W^^. DETAILS OF THE PIPIN(.i AND WIRING TUNNEL BETWEEN THE POWER HOUSE AND LOCOMOTIVE SHOP.READING SHOPS.—PHILADELPHIA & READING RAILWAY. NUMBEE OF PHASES. Inasmuch as the operation of large motors on single-phase al-ternating-current circuits is commercially impracticable, thetwo and three Stock Photo
RM2CGWC20–. American engineer and railroad journal . ]^-]Mrn Loiigiludimil Stction i^^^^^^^ss^^^pE-^ssr <)«ainii4>)-ujjitrl^wltli t>ilLH auduu.il HUlKtratorti (itrir-,luH lOun litt Iftx yijiUUi y. Mala Ljifoi otWeSbopFlour Um itXl* Qiadc Line Oracle Line ^ 4 / Hilinlt tiirued ujj against brickwork 1113^^^W^^. DETAILS OF THE PIPIN(.i AND WIRING TUNNEL BETWEEN THE POWER HOUSE AND LOCOMOTIVE SHOP.READING SHOPS.—PHILADELPHIA & READING RAILWAY. NUMBEE OF PHASES. Inasmuch as the operation of large motors on single-phase al-ternating-current circuits is commercially impracticable, thetwo and three
. American engineer and railroad journal . s. len ■<! Steam French pea Blowhole C Shei bel Phil - quao ■. iolil shut Casl in in forms, I h. , Cutting Oil—Brandy.Vnlvolii Taper Pin Cigars. THE CUT-METER-A TACHOMETER FOR INDICATINGCUTTING-SPEEDS UPON MACHINE TOOLS. The keen competition of the last few years, supplemented by the rapid increase of use of the new high-speed tool steels, has had the effect of practically revolutionizing machine shop practice. The increased production which is now sought, where formerly easy-goiim methods were thought sufficient, has made such heavy demands upon t Stock Photo
RM2CRBPY8–. American engineer and railroad journal . s. len ■<! Steam French pea Blowhole C Shei bel Phil - quao ■. iolil shut Casl in in forms, I h. , Cutting Oil—Brandy.Vnlvolii Taper Pin Cigars. THE CUT-METER-A TACHOMETER FOR INDICATINGCUTTING-SPEEDS UPON MACHINE TOOLS. The keen competition of the last few years, supplemented by the rapid increase of use of the new high-speed tool steels, has had the effect of practically revolutionizing machine shop practice. The increased production which is now sought, where formerly easy-goiim methods were thought sufficient, has made such heavy demands upon t
. American engineer and railroad journal . ly, and the large amount of window space furnishessplendid light. Inside dimensions of the building are 25 x 50 x 13ft. high. An idea of the arrangement of several of the schoolrooms and buildings may be gained from the accompanying illus-trations. Time of Meeting.—The classes meet twice a week for the firsttwo hours in the morning. The boys are bright, fresh and cleanat this time of day and able to do their best work. This is muchmore satisfactory than evening classes, as the boys are in a morereceptive frame of mind than after a long day in the shop Stock Photo
RM2CRDJ0G–. American engineer and railroad journal . ly, and the large amount of window space furnishessplendid light. Inside dimensions of the building are 25 x 50 x 13ft. high. An idea of the arrangement of several of the schoolrooms and buildings may be gained from the accompanying illus-trations. Time of Meeting.—The classes meet twice a week for the firsttwo hours in the morning. The boys are bright, fresh and cleanat this time of day and able to do their best work. This is muchmore satisfactory than evening classes, as the boys are in a morereceptive frame of mind than after a long day in the shop
. Exploitation technique des chemins de fer .. . ortent par une voie spécialedite de sortie en pente de 0°,006 à 0°^,008. La gare dArgenteuil {fig. 31) comporte également un triageen dos dâne. Les trains entrent par refoulement du côtédroit, arrivent au dos dâne en face du poste/par une rampede 0°^,004 sur 380 mètres, puis O^,006o sur 80 mètres. Lahauteur de chute est de 2™,018 et le sommet de la pente està 65 mètres de la première aiguille du faisceau, les pentessuccessives sont 0™,0264 sur 37 mètres, puis 0™,012 sur18 mètres et 0™,0065 sur 90 mètres ; les voies conserventencore une inclinais Stock Photo
RM2CR0D3M–. Exploitation technique des chemins de fer .. . ortent par une voie spécialedite de sortie en pente de 0°,006 à 0°^,008. La gare dArgenteuil {fig. 31) comporte également un triageen dos dâne. Les trains entrent par refoulement du côtédroit, arrivent au dos dâne en face du poste/par une rampede 0°^,004 sur 380 mètres, puis O^,006o sur 80 mètres. Lahauteur de chute est de 2™,018 et le sommet de la pente està 65 mètres de la première aiguille du faisceau, les pentessuccessives sont 0™,0264 sur 37 mètres, puis 0™,012 sur18 mètres et 0™,0065 sur 90 mètres ; les voies conserventencore une inclinais
. Railway mechanical engineer . a way that the thread angle is dressedon the wheel on a plane with the axis of the work centers,thus insuring a perfectly formed thread. This model alsohas a positioning pin for quickly locating the angle forV. U. S. and WTiitworth threads. The grinding spindles are carried in five precision ballbearings adjustable for radial wear and end thrust play.They are protected from abrasive dust by felt-lined steel 178 RAILWAY MECHANICAL ENGINEER uL. 94, Xo. 3 bushings. The spindle liousing, carrying these ball liearingsis proTded vvitli an oil reseri-oir, insuring c Stock Photo
RM2CH22G3–. Railway mechanical engineer . a way that the thread angle is dressedon the wheel on a plane with the axis of the work centers,thus insuring a perfectly formed thread. This model alsohas a positioning pin for quickly locating the angle forV. U. S. and WTiitworth threads. The grinding spindles are carried in five precision ballbearings adjustable for radial wear and end thrust play.They are protected from abrasive dust by felt-lined steel 178 RAILWAY MECHANICAL ENGINEER uL. 94, Xo. 3 bushings. The spindle liousing, carrying these ball liearingsis proTded vvitli an oil reseri-oir, insuring c
. American engineer and railroad journal . o Zn E ■5 oO o. CO O ? UJ >I-O sooo Iz $ o -I- m CO K < o o I-o s < UJ I- <0 April, 1898. AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. 135 STEAM MOTOR CARS BY THE BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVEWORKS. The Baldwin Loconaotive Works have recently completed twosteam motor cars, one was built for the Cincinnati, Hamilton& Dayton Traction Co., and is intended tor use on the trackso£ the C, H. & D. R. R., while the other is for the Detroit &Lima Northern Railway. Both cars are intended to behandled by two men only and the arrangements for the feedingof fuel are made with special Stock Photo
RM2CGYEJ5–. American engineer and railroad journal . o Zn E ■5 oO o. CO O ? UJ >I-O sooo Iz $ o -I- m CO K < o o I-o s < UJ I- <0 April, 1898. AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. 135 STEAM MOTOR CARS BY THE BALDWIN LOCOMOTIVEWORKS. The Baldwin Loconaotive Works have recently completed twosteam motor cars, one was built for the Cincinnati, Hamilton& Dayton Traction Co., and is intended tor use on the trackso£ the C, H. & D. R. R., while the other is for the Detroit &Lima Northern Railway. Both cars are intended to behandled by two men only and the arrangements for the feedingof fuel are made with special
. American engineer and railroad journal . STILES POWER PUNCHING PRESSES.. made from newintroduced.The eccentric patterns, and with some new features recentlyadjustment used will be understood from fig. 2. nearly every kind of blank-cutting, punching, perforating,forming and bending, including a large proportion of the opera-tions needed in the manufacture of articles out of sheet metal,which now form such an important part of the work on manyclasses of machines. These presses are made by the E. W. Bliss Company, ofBrooklyn, N. Y., and have met with much favor, a large num-ber being in use. PE Stock Photo
RM2CH4NBB–. American engineer and railroad journal . STILES POWER PUNCHING PRESSES.. made from newintroduced.The eccentric patterns, and with some new features recentlyadjustment used will be understood from fig. 2. nearly every kind of blank-cutting, punching, perforating,forming and bending, including a large proportion of the opera-tions needed in the manufacture of articles out of sheet metal,which now form such an important part of the work on manyclasses of machines. These presses are made by the E. W. Bliss Company, ofBrooklyn, N. Y., and have met with much favor, a large num-ber being in use. PE
. American engineer and railroad journal . and putting them offof moving trains has been a subject of a good deal of specula-tion hy inventors. Mr. Charles M. Hollingsworlh, of Cleveland, O., has recently patented the ingenious method of doingthis, which is illustrated by figs, i, 2, and 3. In his specifica-tion he says : I have based the construction and intendedmode of operation of the circular platform as a means for pass-ing to and from a moving train, primarily, in the fact that theangular motion at the center of a revolving ciicular platform isnil, and increases as the radial distance fr Stock Photo
RM2CH4DAA–. American engineer and railroad journal . and putting them offof moving trains has been a subject of a good deal of specula-tion hy inventors. Mr. Charles M. Hollingsworlh, of Cleveland, O., has recently patented the ingenious method of doingthis, which is illustrated by figs, i, 2, and 3. In his specifica-tion he says : I have based the construction and intendedmode of operation of the circular platform as a means for pass-ing to and from a moving train, primarily, in the fact that theangular motion at the center of a revolving ciicular platform isnil, and increases as the radial distance fr
. American engineer and railroad journal . Uncoupling Devices for M. C, B, Couplers. instructions to further consider the subject and report, which re-port is herewith submitted. As the end construction of the foundation of the house cars in useon the various railroads differs materially, in that some designshave the end sills concealed under the siding on the end of the carand use a buffer block outside, which varies in thickness and depthon the cars of different roads, while in other designs the end sillprojects beyond the end of the car, performing the additional func-tion of buffer, your c Stock Photo
RM2CR5AGH–. American engineer and railroad journal . Uncoupling Devices for M. C, B, Couplers. instructions to further consider the subject and report, which re-port is herewith submitted. As the end construction of the foundation of the house cars in useon the various railroads differs materially, in that some designshave the end sills concealed under the siding on the end of the carand use a buffer block outside, which varies in thickness and depthon the cars of different roads, while in other designs the end sillprojects beyond the end of the car, performing the additional func-tion of buffer, your c
. American engineer and railroad journal . NEW LOCOMOTIVE AND CAR SHOPS. COLX-INWOOD, OHIO. Lake Shoke & Michigan Sodthekn Railway. XIII. CAR SHOP BUILDINGS. Thfise buildings are sliown in tlie ground plan on page 408They were designed by Mr. Albert Lucius, of New York, con-sulting engineer. The three principal builaings are arrangedside by side and they are alike in their general features, suchas the foundations, steel work and construction details, the onlydifference between them being in those features which mustDETAILS OF STEEL WORK FOR THE LONGITUDINAL BRACING OF THE iiecessarily be Varie Stock Photo
RM2CGTJA1–. American engineer and railroad journal . NEW LOCOMOTIVE AND CAR SHOPS. COLX-INWOOD, OHIO. Lake Shoke & Michigan Sodthekn Railway. XIII. CAR SHOP BUILDINGS. Thfise buildings are sliown in tlie ground plan on page 408They were designed by Mr. Albert Lucius, of New York, con-sulting engineer. The three principal builaings are arrangedside by side and they are alike in their general features, suchas the foundations, steel work and construction details, the onlydifference between them being in those features which mustDETAILS OF STEEL WORK FOR THE LONGITUDINAL BRACING OF THE iiecessarily be Varie
. American engineer and railroad journal . V 4- -9 [ T P=520S lbs r«. A * 1 n s6 1 Transoms and Floor Beams. underframe, the opening is at the center of the cars and hasan area of 32 sq. ft. Instead of placing a pair of sills at thecenter of the car he has used an interesting composite struc-ture which is a decided departure from previous designs. Thecenter sills are 12 ins. 20.5 lbs.^ channels placed 4 ft. apart atthe center of the car with their ends resting on 12-in. transversefloor beams of I-section placed 10 ft. 6 ins. apart. From thesefloor beams the center sills ar# extended by other 1 Stock Photo
RM2CGWTY6–. American engineer and railroad journal . V 4- -9 [ T P=520S lbs r«. A * 1 n s6 1 Transoms and Floor Beams. underframe, the opening is at the center of the cars and hasan area of 32 sq. ft. Instead of placing a pair of sills at thecenter of the car he has used an interesting composite struc-ture which is a decided departure from previous designs. Thecenter sills are 12 ins. 20.5 lbs.^ channels placed 4 ft. apart atthe center of the car with their ends resting on 12-in. transversefloor beams of I-section placed 10 ft. 6 ins. apart. From thesefloor beams the center sills ar# extended by other 1
. American engineer and railroad journal . athan No. 10 and Monitor No. 10 Springs A. French Spring Co. The Young Mens Christian Association, at its West SideBranch, 318 West 57th street, New York, opens an eveningschool Oct. 3 for young men who are engaged in businessduring the day. Its rooms are well equipped, and the usualcourses of instruction, including mechanical drawing, havebeen provided. Information may be had from the Secretaryat the address given above. By T. R. Browne. MACHINE SHOP. The amount and kind of equipment necessary in this depart-ment, its relation to the maintenance of t Stock Photo
RM2CGX2WY–. American engineer and railroad journal . athan No. 10 and Monitor No. 10 Springs A. French Spring Co. The Young Mens Christian Association, at its West SideBranch, 318 West 57th street, New York, opens an eveningschool Oct. 3 for young men who are engaged in businessduring the day. Its rooms are well equipped, and the usualcourses of instruction, including mechanical drawing, havebeen provided. Information may be had from the Secretaryat the address given above. By T. R. Browne. MACHINE SHOP. The amount and kind of equipment necessary in this depart-ment, its relation to the maintenance of t
. American engineer and railroad journal . n any other direction. The■house consists of a tall cottonwood pole, to the top of whicha lantern is hoisted every night. The light can be seen formiles across the plain in every direction. 118 . AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. DEVICE FOR SPACING DUNBAR PACKING RINGS. PLANER AND MATCHER FOR THICK STOCK. The accompanying drawing represents an improved devicefor spacing Dunbar or similar packing rings, riiis device Isnot essentially different from the one devised by Mr. GeorgeWales, of the West Burlington shops of the Chicago, Burling-ton & Quin Stock Photo
RM2CH0B2T–. American engineer and railroad journal . n any other direction. The■house consists of a tall cottonwood pole, to the top of whicha lantern is hoisted every night. The light can be seen formiles across the plain in every direction. 118 . AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. DEVICE FOR SPACING DUNBAR PACKING RINGS. PLANER AND MATCHER FOR THICK STOCK. The accompanying drawing represents an improved devicefor spacing Dunbar or similar packing rings, riiis device Isnot essentially different from the one devised by Mr. GeorgeWales, of the West Burlington shops of the Chicago, Burling-ton & Quin
. American engineer and railroad journal . 17, is required when riveting on various thicknesses ofmetal. The dolly bar has a movement of V/2 inches. The first24 inches is known as the rapid movement, which is set downdirect by the pressure of 80 pounds from the receiver tank.The last 2Vi inches is the effective movement and develops themaximum pressure, giving a uniform squeeze throughout theentire stroke of the last 2% inches, which causes the hot rivetin the hole to be upset, filling the hole. The pressure is exerted on the dolly bar through the hydro-carbon fluid, which is non-freezing, and Stock Photo
RM2CNM2MF–. American engineer and railroad journal . 17, is required when riveting on various thicknesses ofmetal. The dolly bar has a movement of V/2 inches. The first24 inches is known as the rapid movement, which is set downdirect by the pressure of 80 pounds from the receiver tank.The last 2Vi inches is the effective movement and develops themaximum pressure, giving a uniform squeeze throughout theentire stroke of the last 2% inches, which causes the hot rivetin the hole to be upset, filling the hole. The pressure is exerted on the dolly bar through the hydro-carbon fluid, which is non-freezing, and
. American engineer and railroad journal . iltwith the view of connecting Cnaih.im with the above mentionedcompanys line. The viaduct runs parallel with that owned bythe London. Chatham .v: Dover Company, and is 670 ft. long,with four spins ranging (rom 120 ft. to 170 ft. It carries twosets of rails, and has outside lattice girders. The most interest-ing feature of the work, however, is the arrangement of the tions, fig. I shows a side elevation of a locomotive fitted withthe necessary appliance ; fig. 2 shows an enlarged section of thesliding bu. fitted on ihe engine, and fig. 3 is a section Stock Photo
RM2CH5F02–. American engineer and railroad journal . iltwith the view of connecting Cnaih.im with the above mentionedcompanys line. The viaduct runs parallel with that owned bythe London. Chatham .v: Dover Company, and is 670 ft. long,with four spins ranging (rom 120 ft. to 170 ft. It carries twosets of rails, and has outside lattice girders. The most interest-ing feature of the work, however, is the arrangement of the tions, fig. I shows a side elevation of a locomotive fitted withthe necessary appliance ; fig. 2 shows an enlarged section of thesliding bu. fitted on ihe engine, and fig. 3 is a section
. Railway mechanical engineer . Sectional Views of Crosshead, Showing Novel Wrist Pin Design type locomotives which were constructed for the Rock Islandin 1913 and referred to in the foregoing are tabulated together with the dimensions of the new locomotives as follows: Chicago. Rock Island and PacificMountain Type Locomotives General Data: Built in 1913 Built in 1920 Tractive effort 50,000 1b. 50,400 1b. Cylinders, diameter and stroke 28 in. by 28 in. 28 in. by 28 in. Weight in working order 333,100 lb. 369,000 1b. Weight on drivers 224.100 lb. 253,000 lb. Weight on leading truck 57,500 1b. 5 Stock Photo
RM2CH356G–. Railway mechanical engineer . Sectional Views of Crosshead, Showing Novel Wrist Pin Design type locomotives which were constructed for the Rock Islandin 1913 and referred to in the foregoing are tabulated together with the dimensions of the new locomotives as follows: Chicago. Rock Island and PacificMountain Type Locomotives General Data: Built in 1913 Built in 1920 Tractive effort 50,000 1b. 50,400 1b. Cylinders, diameter and stroke 28 in. by 28 in. 28 in. by 28 in. Weight in working order 333,100 lb. 369,000 1b. Weight on drivers 224.100 lb. 253,000 lb. Weight on leading truck 57,500 1b. 5
. American engineer and railroad journal . Richmond & Danville atFairfax Station. The line which is to connectthe two systems is the Metropolitan Southern,which is to extend from Linden Station, a shortdistance from Washington, on the Metropolitanbranch of the Baltimore & Ohio, to FairlX.Through traffic for points on the Richmond &Danville will be run upon the Metropolitan Branch from Wash-ington to Linden, when the connection is estabished. andthence to the South by way of Fairfax. It is thought that thisconnection led to the rumors of the acquisition by the Baltimore& Ohio of southern railro Stock Photo
RM2CH5TX2–. American engineer and railroad journal . Richmond & Danville atFairfax Station. The line which is to connectthe two systems is the Metropolitan Southern,which is to extend from Linden Station, a shortdistance from Washington, on the Metropolitanbranch of the Baltimore & Ohio, to FairlX.Through traffic for points on the Richmond &Danville will be run upon the Metropolitan Branch from Wash-ington to Linden, when the connection is estabished. andthence to the South by way of Fairfax. It is thought that thisconnection led to the rumors of the acquisition by the Baltimore& Ohio of southern railro
. American engineer and railroad journal . LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF OIL HOUSE. DU BOIS SHOPS.. Section at X-Y, n. Y> St»p and Waste Cocka € ffi fi ft $% (rS rfV Hand PumpB ^rSMS^SSilSi % ft # KBKilftlJIn !! ! » 1 L Cane for Soaking Wast* f*1 : :: ; .Ijffii.jjIfiJj.rj filling the small reservoir, which can be filled only by gravityfrom the large storage tank, when the pressure is off. The tanks have 8-ln. filling holes piped to openings In th«floor above and each tank also has an 18-in. manhole. Thisbuilding also furnishes storage for waste and lamp chimneysand contains lockers for the tools Stock Photo
RM2CNDNK8–. American engineer and railroad journal . LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF OIL HOUSE. DU BOIS SHOPS.. Section at X-Y, n. Y> St»p and Waste Cocka € ffi fi ft $% (rS rfV Hand PumpB ^rSMS^SSilSi % ft # KBKilftlJIn !! ! » 1 L Cane for Soaking Wast* f*1 : :: ; .Ijffii.jjIfiJj.rj filling the small reservoir, which can be filled only by gravityfrom the large storage tank, when the pressure is off. The tanks have 8-ln. filling holes piped to openings In th«floor above and each tank also has an 18-in. manhole. Thisbuilding also furnishes storage for waste and lamp chimneysand contains lockers for the tools
. American engineer and railroad journal . was placed upon the apparatus and steam admitteduntil tbe mercury manometer indicated the average pre«»-ure tbat had been obtained by the previous experimpnia,when the air valves were so adjusted, The *ame amount ofopening being left in each, that tbe vacuum indicated by ihewater column amounted to 3.04 inches. This wosthen madethe basis of the esperiments which were thus warranted tocorrespond closely to actual practice. A^ a matter of tactalso, as we have already remarked, the different shape* ofstackj that were investigated with the valves in these Stock Photo
RM2CR38KD–. American engineer and railroad journal . was placed upon the apparatus and steam admitteduntil tbe mercury manometer indicated the average pre«»-ure tbat had been obtained by the previous experimpnia,when the air valves were so adjusted, The *ame amount ofopening being left in each, that tbe vacuum indicated by ihewater column amounted to 3.04 inches. This wosthen madethe basis of the esperiments which were thus warranted tocorrespond closely to actual practice. A^ a matter of tactalso, as we have already remarked, the different shape* ofstackj that were investigated with the valves in these
. Railway mechanical engineer . ; a vertical scale of 4in. for each 100 lb., with the necessary space at the topfor proper headings, another at the middle to separate theindividual from the locomotive performances, and a third atthe bottom for recording engine numbers, with their char-acter or other information will require a board 5 ft. highto cover a variation of 1,000 lb. Such a board is shownin Fig. 1 with the record of one engine as worked by two men. Some idea of the working appearance of the suggestedIjoard is shown in Fig. 2, which covers only one comer ofthe complete board, but which Stock Photo
RM2CNE3PA–. Railway mechanical engineer . ; a vertical scale of 4in. for each 100 lb., with the necessary space at the topfor proper headings, another at the middle to separate theindividual from the locomotive performances, and a third atthe bottom for recording engine numbers, with their char-acter or other information will require a board 5 ft. highto cover a variation of 1,000 lb. Such a board is shownin Fig. 1 with the record of one engine as worked by two men. Some idea of the working appearance of the suggestedIjoard is shown in Fig. 2, which covers only one comer ofthe complete board, but which
. Railway mechanical engineer . saving in fuel and more efficient locomo-tive operation. Defects Shown by Low Pyrometer Readings Where pyrometers are being used, many enginemen dependmore completely upon their indications than upon the steamgages. When a locomotive is working under average condi-tions, and a perceptible drop in steam temperature is noted,some of the following defects either in the operation or thecondition of the locomotive may be looked for. First—The water level in the boiler may be too high,causing priming. The superheater then has to evaporate thewater in the steam and con Stock Photo
RM2CH033B–. Railway mechanical engineer . saving in fuel and more efficient locomo-tive operation. Defects Shown by Low Pyrometer Readings Where pyrometers are being used, many enginemen dependmore completely upon their indications than upon the steamgages. When a locomotive is working under average condi-tions, and a perceptible drop in steam temperature is noted,some of the following defects either in the operation or thecondition of the locomotive may be looked for. First—The water level in the boiler may be too high,causing priming. The superheater then has to evaporate thewater in the steam and con
. American engineer and railroad journal . occupies a floor space of 6 by 10 ft.It is manufactured by The Bentcl & Margedant Company, Ham-ilton, Ohio. The Railroads and the Public.—The railroads want to give.the people the best possible service, for it is only by doing thisthat they can obtain an increase of traffic. Do not understandme as saying that the blame for this ill-feeling towards railroadsshould be placed entirely upon the people. The railroads them-selves are responsible for a share of it, but I believe that thepublic and railroads are getting closer together. The problemswhich brou Stock Photo
RM2CH1877–. American engineer and railroad journal . occupies a floor space of 6 by 10 ft.It is manufactured by The Bentcl & Margedant Company, Ham-ilton, Ohio. The Railroads and the Public.—The railroads want to give.the people the best possible service, for it is only by doing thisthat they can obtain an increase of traffic. Do not understandme as saying that the blame for this ill-feeling towards railroadsshould be placed entirely upon the people. The railroads them-selves are responsible for a share of it, but I believe that thepublic and railroads are getting closer together. The problemswhich brou
. American engineer and railroad journal . Distortion of^the Bolsters In Tests. the construction to be a very strong one, one of the best featuresbeing the fact that no two parts of the boKster g^ve way at thesame time and the final yielding was so gradual as not to causeuneasiness in regard to accidents on the road. The metal of which the bolsters were made showed a tensilestiengtli of 60,800 pounds per square inch. Bending tests alsogave satisfactory results and developed the fact that the materialmight be expected to fail, if at all, after the manner of wroughtiron. Comment upon these figur Stock Photo
RM2CH05M6–. American engineer and railroad journal . Distortion of^the Bolsters In Tests. the construction to be a very strong one, one of the best featuresbeing the fact that no two parts of the boKster g^ve way at thesame time and the final yielding was so gradual as not to causeuneasiness in regard to accidents on the road. The metal of which the bolsters were made showed a tensilestiengtli of 60,800 pounds per square inch. Bending tests alsogave satisfactory results and developed the fact that the materialmight be expected to fail, if at all, after the manner of wroughtiron. Comment upon these figur
. The elements of railroad engineering . n b a — 14° 17. The base a b, which is the horizontal distance between a and b, is obtained by apply- r , J t side opposite „ , ^. ^. mg the formula tan a b a = -r-, ^ . Substitutmg side adjacent RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION. 941 known have tan 14° 17 = quantities,10 we 811 16.811 ab , , 1G.811whence a b — —tz-tt^ — 66.032 feet. By a similarprocess we determine thelength of b c, and findthat it equals 72.242 feet,and that f d =. 53.272feet. The total horizon-tal distance between aand d is the sum ofrtZ^+(^V + r^/ = 191.546feet. This method ofmeasurement is pos Stock Photo
RM2CH1WC6–. The elements of railroad engineering . n b a — 14° 17. The base a b, which is the horizontal distance between a and b, is obtained by apply- r , J t side opposite „ , ^. ^. mg the formula tan a b a = -r-, ^ . Substitutmg side adjacent RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION. 941 known have tan 14° 17 = quantities,10 we 811 16.811 ab , , 1G.811whence a b — —tz-tt^ — 66.032 feet. By a similarprocess we determine thelength of b c, and findthat it equals 72.242 feet,and that f d =. 53.272feet. The total horizon-tal distance between aand d is the sum ofrtZ^+(^V + r^/ = 191.546feet. This method ofmeasurement is pos
. Railway mechanical engineer . es, pos-sible damage to track and bridges and total weight of loco-motive. It is particularly essential to make these parts aslight as possible, and to make them light the material mustbe durable. Due to the increase in weight of locomotives and to thehammer blow on rails when reciprocating parts are heavy,the 1915 Committee of the American Railway Master Me-chanics Association made the following recommendation: Keep total weight of reciprocating parts on each side of locomotive be-low Vioo part of total weight of locomotive in working order and thenbalance l/i Stock Photo
RM2CH1PDB–. Railway mechanical engineer . es, pos-sible damage to track and bridges and total weight of loco-motive. It is particularly essential to make these parts aslight as possible, and to make them light the material mustbe durable. Due to the increase in weight of locomotives and to thehammer blow on rails when reciprocating parts are heavy,the 1915 Committee of the American Railway Master Me-chanics Association made the following recommendation: Keep total weight of reciprocating parts on each side of locomotive be-low Vioo part of total weight of locomotive in working order and thenbalance l/i
. Railway mechanical engineer . length thatcan be cut at one setting of the work is 2>y2 in. Withresettings a length of 14 in. may be cut. When the countershaft speed is 373 r.p.m. the spindlespeeds for cutting y in., y% in., y2 in., f$ in., % in. are225; 150; 113; 90 and 75 r.p.m., respectively. When themachine is fitted for motor drive, a 3-hp. motor is required. Overhead Swing Cut-Off Saw Table A SAW TABLE designed to be used with an overheadswing saw has been placed on the market recentlyby the Oliver Machinery Company, Grand Rapids,Mich. This table is 16 ft. long, 19J4 in. wide and 30 Stock Photo
RM2CH0BT2–. Railway mechanical engineer . length thatcan be cut at one setting of the work is 2>y2 in. Withresettings a length of 14 in. may be cut. When the countershaft speed is 373 r.p.m. the spindlespeeds for cutting y in., y% in., y2 in., f$ in., % in. are225; 150; 113; 90 and 75 r.p.m., respectively. When themachine is fitted for motor drive, a 3-hp. motor is required. Overhead Swing Cut-Off Saw Table A SAW TABLE designed to be used with an overheadswing saw has been placed on the market recentlyby the Oliver Machinery Company, Grand Rapids,Mich. This table is 16 ft. long, 19J4 in. wide and 30
. The elements of railroad engineering . e given sections A, the other B, theaverage or mean section J/, the distance between the sec-tions L, and the required contents S, we have, by theprismoidal formula, S=^{A+iJl/+B). (111.) In calculating the cubical contents of the prismoid in-cluded between the following sections, both methods of cal-culation will 1)6 used and the two results compared. Thesections are represented by Figs. 484 and 485, and aredenoted by the letters y^ and B. The perpendicular distancebetween them is 50 feet. The section given in Fig. 484 iscomposed of the four triangles Stock Photo
RM2CH1B8Y–. The elements of railroad engineering . e given sections A, the other B, theaverage or mean section J/, the distance between the sec-tions L, and the required contents S, we have, by theprismoidal formula, S=^{A+iJl/+B). (111.) In calculating the cubical contents of the prismoid in-cluded between the following sections, both methods of cal-culation will 1)6 used and the two results compared. Thesections are represented by Figs. 484 and 485, and aredenoted by the letters y^ and B. The perpendicular distancebetween them is 50 feet. The section given in Fig. 484 iscomposed of the four triangles
. American engineer and railroad journal . coupled to thetrain at the lower or Lombard Street Station, and will be de-tached at the upper or Bolton Street Station. As there will he no smoke in the tunnel, it will be possibleto paint its interior white ; and as it. will be illuminated byabout 2.000 incandescent lamps, it will not be necessary to lightthe lamps in the cars. The difference in comfort between thepresent plan of a smoky locomotive and a dark tunnel withthe cars lighted by a few lamps, as compared with this plan,where there is no smoke, and where there will be brilliant out-side ill Stock Photo
RM2CR3P90–. American engineer and railroad journal . coupled to thetrain at the lower or Lombard Street Station, and will be de-tached at the upper or Bolton Street Station. As there will he no smoke in the tunnel, it will be possibleto paint its interior white ; and as it. will be illuminated byabout 2.000 incandescent lamps, it will not be necessary to lightthe lamps in the cars. The difference in comfort between thepresent plan of a smoky locomotive and a dark tunnel withthe cars lighted by a few lamps, as compared with this plan,where there is no smoke, and where there will be brilliant out-side ill
. American engineer and railroad journal . e. There will be two double iron gates on the Texas side of thecanon and two of precisely the same size and pattern on theMexican side. From these gates two canals will be cut throughthe rock, following the bluff on the Mexican side, capable ofcarrying a volume of water 20 ft. wide and 10 ft. deep. Thecost of the dani and canals is estimated at ^2500,000. Theconstruction of this dam will create an inland lake 15 mileslong and about 5 miles wide, with an average depth of about 484 THE RAILROAD AND [October, 1892- 25 ft. Storage reservoirs will be const Stock Photo
RM2CH2TC1–. American engineer and railroad journal . e. There will be two double iron gates on the Texas side of thecanon and two of precisely the same size and pattern on theMexican side. From these gates two canals will be cut throughthe rock, following the bluff on the Mexican side, capable ofcarrying a volume of water 20 ft. wide and 10 ft. deep. Thecost of the dani and canals is estimated at ^2500,000. Theconstruction of this dam will create an inland lake 15 mileslong and about 5 miles wide, with an average depth of about 484 THE RAILROAD AND [October, 1892- 25 ft. Storage reservoirs will be const
. American engineer and railroad journal . tion. November 15. 1300. they measured Ts in.in thickness. When taken out. February 27. 1901, the plasticbronze measured »« in., and the phosphor bronze as in. Onthat date a new phosphor bronze bearing was applied and oppo-site to this the original plastic bronze bearing replaced.When compared again, April 29, the second phosphor bronzebearing was worn down to the limit of usefulness. 34 in., whilesthe plastic bronze still measured 7 16 in. Thus the plasticbronze showed a saving of 100 per cent, over the other metal. 358 AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD Stock Photo
RM2CGW8X2–. American engineer and railroad journal . tion. November 15. 1300. they measured Ts in.in thickness. When taken out. February 27. 1901, the plasticbronze measured »« in., and the phosphor bronze as in. Onthat date a new phosphor bronze bearing was applied and oppo-site to this the original plastic bronze bearing replaced.When compared again, April 29, the second phosphor bronzebearing was worn down to the limit of usefulness. 34 in., whilesthe plastic bronze still measured 7 16 in. Thus the plasticbronze showed a saving of 100 per cent, over the other metal. 358 AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD
. Railway mechanical engineer . se of19 steel columns carrying steel trusses and purlins. Threemonitors run from front to rear with steel sash windows oneach side. The roofing itself is 2^ in., splined roofingcovered with tar felt and gravel. The colunms surroundingthe turntable are spaced 56 ft. 6 in. from each other and 43ft. from those adjacent. The maximum span is thus overthe turntable, or a distance of 113 ft. The columns are allsupported on concrete pedestals carried down 7 ft. below thegrade line with bases of large dimensions, varying up to ashigh as 13 ft. square. Modern Installation Stock Photo
RM2CGYYH6–. Railway mechanical engineer . se of19 steel columns carrying steel trusses and purlins. Threemonitors run from front to rear with steel sash windows oneach side. The roofing itself is 2^ in., splined roofingcovered with tar felt and gravel. The colunms surroundingthe turntable are spaced 56 ft. 6 in. from each other and 43ft. from those adjacent. The maximum span is thus overthe turntable, or a distance of 113 ft. The columns are allsupported on concrete pedestals carried down 7 ft. below thegrade line with bases of large dimensions, varying up to ashigh as 13 ft. square. Modern Installation
. American engineer and railroad journal . r. The valves for the atomizer and heater, alsothe handle for the oil regulating valve, are located on theleft side of the engine, convenient for the fireman. The fire door is fitted with a clamp to hold it tightly closed.It lias a hole in the center with an escutcheon plate and wingout. This aperture is for sanding the flues, which is doneoccasionally on hard pulls, should the engine show a tendencyto lag for steam. This method is very effective in cleaning December, 1901. AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. 387 the gum off the Hues, and is only Stock Photo
RM2CGW4FH–. American engineer and railroad journal . r. The valves for the atomizer and heater, alsothe handle for the oil regulating valve, are located on theleft side of the engine, convenient for the fireman. The fire door is fitted with a clamp to hold it tightly closed.It lias a hole in the center with an escutcheon plate and wingout. This aperture is for sanding the flues, which is doneoccasionally on hard pulls, should the engine show a tendencyto lag for steam. This method is very effective in cleaning December, 1901. AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. 387 the gum off the Hues, and is only
. American engineer and railroad journal . e,indicator cards and summaries of results. Those interestedin the development of the American locomotive should procurecopies of this record, as it is impossible to properly presentthe results in an abstract. This locomotive was one of eight tested at the exposition,and the final results, affording an opportunity for comparisons,will be awaited with the greatest interest. STEEL CAR DEVELOPMENT. Pennsylvania Railboad. [For previous article see June, 1901. page 209.) This series of descriptions of Pennsylvania Railroad steelcars has been interrupted, a Stock Photo
RM2CH2XKX–. American engineer and railroad journal . e,indicator cards and summaries of results. Those interestedin the development of the American locomotive should procurecopies of this record, as it is impossible to properly presentthe results in an abstract. This locomotive was one of eight tested at the exposition,and the final results, affording an opportunity for comparisons,will be awaited with the greatest interest. STEEL CAR DEVELOPMENT. Pennsylvania Railboad. [For previous article see June, 1901. page 209.) This series of descriptions of Pennsylvania Railroad steelcars has been interrupted, a
. American engineer and railroad journal . FIG. 28.—FEONT VIEW WITH COVEES EEMOVED, SHOWING SHIPPEB LE^-EB AND CONNECTING EOD TO SLOW-SPEED CLUTCH.. FKL 29.—REAR VIEW WITH COVEBS BEHOVED, SHOWING BOPE SHEAVE FOR SHIFTING SLIDING CONE. ^^ i^^ffliS Stock Photo
RM2CGXHG0–. American engineer and railroad journal . FIG. 28.—FEONT VIEW WITH COVEES EEMOVED, SHOWING SHIPPEB LE^-EB AND CONNECTING EOD TO SLOW-SPEED CLUTCH.. FKL 29.—REAR VIEW WITH COVEBS BEHOVED, SHOWING BOPE SHEAVE FOR SHIFTING SLIDING CONE. ^^ i^^ffliS
. Railway mechanical engineer . eand 101,300 lb. compound. Cylinders were 25 in. and 39in. diameter by 32 in. stroke; driving wheels were 57 in. diameter, and boiler pressure was 240 lb. per sq. in.The general design of the Pekin-Suiyuan locomotives isin accordance with the best American practice, and the spe-cial devices are such as would probably be used in this coun-try. The superheater has 48 units. The firebo.x has a com-bustion chamber and is fitted with a Security brick archcarried on five tubes. There is an Elvin type A mechanicalstoker and a Franklin hand-operated butterfly firedoor.O Stock Photo
RM2CGXCNN–. Railway mechanical engineer . eand 101,300 lb. compound. Cylinders were 25 in. and 39in. diameter by 32 in. stroke; driving wheels were 57 in. diameter, and boiler pressure was 240 lb. per sq. in.The general design of the Pekin-Suiyuan locomotives isin accordance with the best American practice, and the spe-cial devices are such as would probably be used in this coun-try. The superheater has 48 units. The firebo.x has a com-bustion chamber and is fitted with a Security brick archcarried on five tubes. There is an Elvin type A mechanicalstoker and a Franklin hand-operated butterfly firedoor.O
. American engineer and railroad journal . :X&3t*^--: LONGITUDINAL SECTION THROUGH THE BOILER ROOM. 420 AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL.. SIDE ELEVATION OF POWER HOUSE. brick laid in black mortar, except the first four courses justabove the floor and two at the top, which are of black brick.The remaining part of the wall is of yellow pressed brick.The coal storage bins and the conveying machinery are sup-ported by a special steel construction. Boilers and Stokers.—There are eight Sterling stokers, eachof 305 h.p.; six are equipped with Green chain grate stokers,and two of these, as w Stock Photo
RM2CR42TE–. American engineer and railroad journal . :X&3t*^--: LONGITUDINAL SECTION THROUGH THE BOILER ROOM. 420 AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL.. SIDE ELEVATION OF POWER HOUSE. brick laid in black mortar, except the first four courses justabove the floor and two at the top, which are of black brick.The remaining part of the wall is of yellow pressed brick.The coal storage bins and the conveying machinery are sup-ported by a special steel construction. Boilers and Stokers.—There are eight Sterling stokers, eachof 305 h.p.; six are equipped with Green chain grate stokers,and two of these, as w
. American engineer and railroad journal . ly on steam roads. Cars for suburban serviceon these roads are increasing in weight to an extent which inone extreme case requires a locomotive with 140,000 lbs. onthe driving wheels for a train of six or seven coaches. Thesecoaches hav< six-wheel trucks and weigh not less than 84.000lbs. each, not far from half the weight being in the trucks. facts we raise the question whether this is not the better lineof development of the two. It is apparent that electric roadshave met the ideas of the public in suburban transporta-tion methods better than the Stock Photo
RM2CR9DJ6–. American engineer and railroad journal . ly on steam roads. Cars for suburban serviceon these roads are increasing in weight to an extent which inone extreme case requires a locomotive with 140,000 lbs. onthe driving wheels for a train of six or seven coaches. Thesecoaches hav< six-wheel trucks and weigh not less than 84.000lbs. each, not far from half the weight being in the trucks. facts we raise the question whether this is not the better lineof development of the two. It is apparent that electric roadshave met the ideas of the public in suburban transporta-tion methods better than the
. American engineer and railroad journal . —1 - °++2Abt/s m each e/xi ! Gafx Ironj Strips ° 28B.KG. ADJUSTABLE SYSTEM OF RACKS FOR STORING FRESHLY VARNISHEDSASH AM) BLINDS. 53^ Be- *-$fad ffat foodjs. Wood Screrrs 34 Strips 411$ !ona on each side of each frameDETAILS Ol nil. SPECIAL CORNER-PIECE CLAMPS FOB SECT RING THESTANCHIONS AM) ol TRIANGULAR GALVANIZED [BOHSUPPORTING STRIPS. PASSENGER CAR PAINT SHOP VARNISH AND CLEAN-ING ROOMS. The varnish and cleaning rooms of the passenger car paintHhop at the Colllnwood shops of the Lake Shore & Michi-gan Southern Railway are especially well arranged. Stock Photo
RM2CH18M5–. American engineer and railroad journal . —1 - °++2Abt/s m each e/xi ! Gafx Ironj Strips ° 28B.KG. ADJUSTABLE SYSTEM OF RACKS FOR STORING FRESHLY VARNISHEDSASH AM) BLINDS. 53^ Be- *-$fad ffat foodjs. Wood Screrrs 34 Strips 411$ !ona on each side of each frameDETAILS Ol nil. SPECIAL CORNER-PIECE CLAMPS FOB SECT RING THESTANCHIONS AM) ol TRIANGULAR GALVANIZED [BOHSUPPORTING STRIPS. PASSENGER CAR PAINT SHOP VARNISH AND CLEAN-ING ROOMS. The varnish and cleaning rooms of the passenger car paintHhop at the Colllnwood shops of the Lake Shore & Michi-gan Southern Railway are especially well arranged.
. American engineer and railroad journal . rced on the axle, d will be lessened andd x increased, so that, putting d y for the common diameter,the compression of outer surface of axle will be tt d (I — y)and the extension of inner surface of bore will be n d (y —x)and per unit of length, I — y and y — x, respectively. For per unit of length per maximum safe compression ofaxle material put a and per maximum safe extension of wheelmaterial put b. Then I — y = a and — x = b.-.y = I — a andX = I — a — b, and the normal diameter of axle = d and thenormal diameter of bore = d (I — a — b.). What are Stock Photo
RM2CGX0G1–. American engineer and railroad journal . rced on the axle, d will be lessened andd x increased, so that, putting d y for the common diameter,the compression of outer surface of axle will be tt d (I — y)and the extension of inner surface of bore will be n d (y —x)and per unit of length, I — y and y — x, respectively. For per unit of length per maximum safe compression ofaxle material put a and per maximum safe extension of wheelmaterial put b. Then I — y = a and — x = b.-.y = I — a andX = I — a — b, and the normal diameter of axle = d and thenormal diameter of bore = d (I — a — b.). What are
. American engineer and railroad journal . CONSTRUCTION MEW OF THE PASSENGER CAR ERECTING SHOP.(FROM SOUTHEAST CORNER. is a long low frame building, providing for the various smallshops and storage spaces, necessary in a plant of this kind.The building has a span of 18 ft. and a clear height, inside, of12 ft. Its total length is 392 ft. At the end toward the largeshop buildings a 60 ft. lavatory space is provided. Next to thisis a room 40 ft. long for the storage of tool boxes and heavytools, such as jacks. Bins for light castings occupy a lengthof 96 ft. and the car yard storekeeper has an 18 Stock Photo
RM2CGTHAN–. American engineer and railroad journal . CONSTRUCTION MEW OF THE PASSENGER CAR ERECTING SHOP.(FROM SOUTHEAST CORNER. is a long low frame building, providing for the various smallshops and storage spaces, necessary in a plant of this kind.The building has a span of 18 ft. and a clear height, inside, of12 ft. Its total length is 392 ft. At the end toward the largeshop buildings a 60 ft. lavatory space is provided. Next to thisis a room 40 ft. long for the storage of tool boxes and heavytools, such as jacks. Bins for light castings occupy a lengthof 96 ft. and the car yard storekeeper has an 18
. Railway mechanical engineer . ne is operated by a foot lever, leaving the opera-tors hands free to handle the work. The voke consists of a crucible steel frame mounted in PREPARATION FOR LEATHER BELTS The Duntley Company, Chicago, has placed on the mar-ket a preparation called Soldco for leather belts, that isclaimed to materially increase the life of the belt. The prin-cipal ingredient is a product that is used in the manufactureof Russian leather. Soldco is non-volatile, non-inflammableand non-combustible. It contains no acid and remains liquidunder all atmospheric conditions. From tests m Stock Photo
RM2CH4WG1–. Railway mechanical engineer . ne is operated by a foot lever, leaving the opera-tors hands free to handle the work. The voke consists of a crucible steel frame mounted in PREPARATION FOR LEATHER BELTS The Duntley Company, Chicago, has placed on the mar-ket a preparation called Soldco for leather belts, that isclaimed to materially increase the life of the belt. The prin-cipal ingredient is a product that is used in the manufactureof Russian leather. Soldco is non-volatile, non-inflammableand non-combustible. It contains no acid and remains liquidunder all atmospheric conditions. From tests m
. American engineer and railroad journal . shop should make several visits each day to scrap bins,inspect contents of same, and have set aside such material ashe knows can be used to advantage. Good judgment must beused in regard to the working over of scrap materials; some-times it costs more in the end than new material. It would appear from tests and experiments (made by theauthor) that it is useless to ream a hole in a flue sheet whichis less than 1-16 in. out of round, provided it is cylindrical, butif there is over 1-32 in. difference between the diameters at thetwo sides of the sheet, t Stock Photo
RM2CR7NKG–. American engineer and railroad journal . shop should make several visits each day to scrap bins,inspect contents of same, and have set aside such material ashe knows can be used to advantage. Good judgment must beused in regard to the working over of scrap materials; some-times it costs more in the end than new material. It would appear from tests and experiments (made by theauthor) that it is useless to ream a hole in a flue sheet whichis less than 1-16 in. out of round, provided it is cylindrical, butif there is over 1-32 in. difference between the diameters at thetwo sides of the sheet, t
. American engineer and railroad journal . er plate through and for a short distanceon either side of the bolster, form the center sill construction.There are no side sills between the bolsters, the 8 in. channelsreaching only from the end sills to the bolsters. The designutilizes the strength of the sides, which are built of 3/16 in. platesreinforced by pressed steel stakes, spaced about 3 ft. 2 in. apart,in a vertical direction and by the 3V2 x y/2 x yi in. angles atthe top and 3J/2 x 3*2 x fjj in. angles at the bottom, for loadcarrying. The body bolster, of the single plate type, is practic Stock Photo
RM2CH1R4H–. American engineer and railroad journal . er plate through and for a short distanceon either side of the bolster, form the center sill construction.There are no side sills between the bolsters, the 8 in. channelsreaching only from the end sills to the bolsters. The designutilizes the strength of the sides, which are built of 3/16 in. platesreinforced by pressed steel stakes, spaced about 3 ft. 2 in. apart,in a vertical direction and by the 3V2 x y/2 x yi in. angles atthe top and 3J/2 x 3*2 x fjj in. angles at the bottom, for loadcarrying. The body bolster, of the single plate type, is practic
. Railway mechanical engineer . lOlh notch 4SnRH. 6th notch SSn.HH. t4ChestpressureL 140Sapplypipe pressure Zlchestprrssun. l4SSoppl!/pipe pn. Typical Indicator Cards from an Engine Equipped with the RipkenDrifting Valve connected by piping to the exhaust chamber of the loco-motive. When the main throttle is closed the pressure on topof the differential piston B falls and the compression in thecylinders acting on the bottom of the valve being in excessof the steam chest pressure raises the valve B off theshoulder /, upon which it normally rests, placing the portK in communication with port D. Stock Photo
RM2CNPFT9–. Railway mechanical engineer . lOlh notch 4SnRH. 6th notch SSn.HH. t4ChestpressureL 140Sapplypipe pressure Zlchestprrssun. l4SSoppl!/pipe pn. Typical Indicator Cards from an Engine Equipped with the RipkenDrifting Valve connected by piping to the exhaust chamber of the loco-motive. When the main throttle is closed the pressure on topof the differential piston B falls and the compression in thecylinders acting on the bottom of the valve being in excessof the steam chest pressure raises the valve B off theshoulder /, upon which it normally rests, placing the portK in communication with port D.
. American engineer and railroad journal . is balanced thoroughly and that some pis-ton valves are not as well balanced as the ordinary D valvecan be. In l<ig. 5 is shown the latter type of valve and thetable gives data from which a better appreciation of the valueof the balancing of the different types of valves may be ob-tained. Location of valve. Total pressure forcing rings of valve against seat in pounds. ;Valves shown In Fig. 3. Fig. 4. Fig. 5. Central (no steam in cylinder).. 32.504 6,460 16.160 Beginning of admission 22,S94 2,356 9,960 14 Port opening 26,097 1,330 9,714 H Port openi Stock Photo
RM2CNWYYC–. American engineer and railroad journal . is balanced thoroughly and that some pis-ton valves are not as well balanced as the ordinary D valvecan be. In l<ig. 5 is shown the latter type of valve and thetable gives data from which a better appreciation of the valueof the balancing of the different types of valves may be ob-tained. Location of valve. Total pressure forcing rings of valve against seat in pounds. ;Valves shown In Fig. 3. Fig. 4. Fig. 5. Central (no steam in cylinder).. 32.504 6,460 16.160 Beginning of admission 22,S94 2,356 9,960 14 Port opening 26,097 1,330 9,714 H Port openi
. American engineer and railroad journal . nward toward the back. The smallestoutside diameter of the boiler is 61 j inches. The dome is aboutthe middle of the barrel of the boiler and has a safety valve ontop. Two other safety valves are placed over the firebox. Thelatter has a long brick arch below the tubes and extending up-ward and backward. Our American builders could, with advantage, imitate the form,size and arrangement of stepson the back end of the engine, andon the tender adjoining. Corrugated Copper Gaskets. We show herewith a corrugated copper gasket that is very suc-cessfully used Stock Photo
RM2CR6M7P–. American engineer and railroad journal . nward toward the back. The smallestoutside diameter of the boiler is 61 j inches. The dome is aboutthe middle of the barrel of the boiler and has a safety valve ontop. Two other safety valves are placed over the firebox. Thelatter has a long brick arch below the tubes and extending up-ward and backward. Our American builders could, with advantage, imitate the form,size and arrangement of stepson the back end of the engine, andon the tender adjoining. Corrugated Copper Gaskets. We show herewith a corrugated copper gasket that is very suc-cessfully used
. American engineer and railroad journal . by Fig. 28. Thus. No. 1 pipe or nozzle is 5 ins. high upon a 1C-in. ba.-e. while nozzle No. 7 is 3. ins. high upon a 10-in. base.While these will hereafter be referred to as nozzles, they really.omliine in one design a pipe and nozzle, as will be seen by thedrawing representing their construction. Fig. 29. All nozzleswere used upon the same base which, as shown, was 10 ins.in height. 34. Results—While an array of figures presents few attrac- tions for the average reader, the significance of the presentwork is such that it seems wise to include in this Stock Photo
RM2CR78N0–. American engineer and railroad journal . by Fig. 28. Thus. No. 1 pipe or nozzle is 5 ins. high upon a 1C-in. ba.-e. while nozzle No. 7 is 3. ins. high upon a 10-in. base.While these will hereafter be referred to as nozzles, they really.omliine in one design a pipe and nozzle, as will be seen by thedrawing representing their construction. Fig. 29. All nozzleswere used upon the same base which, as shown, was 10 ins.in height. 34. Results—While an array of figures presents few attrac- tions for the average reader, the significance of the presentwork is such that it seems wise to include in this
. Railway mechanical engineer . to 3S0 volt three phase 50 cycle current. Rotaryconverters are also provided to supply 220 volt direct currentwhich is used to operate the variable speed motors of machinetools. All cranes, except those of the cast iron foundrj, areoperated by alternating current. The management of the works pays much attention to Americanindustry and American methods of working and has active inter-course with many firms of this country. The present financialditficultie.5 due to the low rate of exchange of Polish money donot permit the realization of many intentions. The first Stock Photo
RM2CGTFWY–. Railway mechanical engineer . to 3S0 volt three phase 50 cycle current. Rotaryconverters are also provided to supply 220 volt direct currentwhich is used to operate the variable speed motors of machinetools. All cranes, except those of the cast iron foundrj, areoperated by alternating current. The management of the works pays much attention to Americanindustry and American methods of working and has active inter-course with many firms of this country. The present financialditficultie.5 due to the low rate of exchange of Polish money donot permit the realization of many intentions. The first
. Railway mechanical engineer . -. The Robinson Connector Company also tried out in theGreat Northern tests a connector with a pin and funnel tvpegLiihering arrangement. The experience with this designuidicated that it was not satisfactor)- because it was deficientin gathering range and also because dimensions when oncefixed could not be altered. Consequently, no further experi-ments were made with this type. These tests definitely established at least one importantfact: that this connector made and maintained a perfectlytight joint, thus ereatlv incre.ising the effectiveness of the airbrake. Stock Photo
RM2CH0W0Y–. Railway mechanical engineer . -. The Robinson Connector Company also tried out in theGreat Northern tests a connector with a pin and funnel tvpegLiihering arrangement. The experience with this designuidicated that it was not satisfactor)- because it was deficientin gathering range and also because dimensions when oncefixed could not be altered. Consequently, no further experi-ments were made with this type. These tests definitely established at least one importantfact: that this connector made and maintained a perfectlytight joint, thus ereatlv incre.ising the effectiveness of the airbrake.
. The elements of railroad engineering . is stored ready for the use of locomotives. The link beltsare driven by sprocket wheels/and j^. The power is trans-mitted from the engine to the machinery by means of a wirerope belt. The main sheaves// and k are G feet in diameter.They are attached to shafts carrying pinions which drive thegears /and ;//, and with them the sprocket wheels/and £:The coal to be elevated to the coal pockets is first dumpedfrom the car ;/ into a chamber beneath the track. The coalruns by gravity from this chamber through the opening ointo the elevating chute /, which is li Stock Photo
RM2CH0GMC–. The elements of railroad engineering . is stored ready for the use of locomotives. The link beltsare driven by sprocket wheels/and j^. The power is trans-mitted from the engine to the machinery by means of a wirerope belt. The main sheaves// and k are G feet in diameter.They are attached to shafts carrying pinions which drive thegears /and ;//, and with them the sprocket wheels/and £:The coal to be elevated to the coal pockets is first dumpedfrom the car ;/ into a chamber beneath the track. The coalruns by gravity from this chamber through the opening ointo the elevating chute /, which is li
. Railway mechanical engineer . e or vacuum in the furnacevaries, the diaphragm moves and operates a water valve whichcontrols the clamper regulators ( and /) controlling thedampers in the blower pipe and the up-take respectively.The system is so arranged that the blower pipe dampermoves to its extreme position before the up-take damper oper-ate-. The diaphragm is set to maintain a vacuum above thefuel bed of about .003 in. of water, which is practicallyequal to the pressure of the atmosphere. The advantages of this system of draft control are many.As stated above, its purpose is to provide au Stock Photo
RM2CH4F3A–. Railway mechanical engineer . e or vacuum in the furnacevaries, the diaphragm moves and operates a water valve whichcontrols the clamper regulators ( and /) controlling thedampers in the blower pipe and the up-take respectively.The system is so arranged that the blower pipe dampermoves to its extreme position before the up-take damper oper-ate-. The diaphragm is set to maintain a vacuum above thefuel bed of about .003 in. of water, which is practicallyequal to the pressure of the atmosphere. The advantages of this system of draft control are many.As stated above, its purpose is to provide au
. American engineer and railroad journal . ACETYLENE WELDING OUTFIT. 3G AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL.. LODGE & SHirLEY HEAVY AXLE LATHE. HEAVY PATTERN AXLE LATHE. An extra heavy axle lathe, manufactured by The Lodge &Shipley Machine Tool Company of Cincinnati, is illustratedherewith. It is of rigid construction, has a powerful drive andis equipped with all the conveniences which are desirable for thisclass of work. The bed is of massive construction, the cross girths being ofbox section. A longitudinal member, of box section, is cast inthe center of the bed, extending its length, par Stock Photo
RM2CH4BMN–. American engineer and railroad journal . ACETYLENE WELDING OUTFIT. 3G AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL.. LODGE & SHirLEY HEAVY AXLE LATHE. HEAVY PATTERN AXLE LATHE. An extra heavy axle lathe, manufactured by The Lodge &Shipley Machine Tool Company of Cincinnati, is illustratedherewith. It is of rigid construction, has a powerful drive andis equipped with all the conveniences which are desirable for thisclass of work. The bed is of massive construction, the cross girths being ofbox section. A longitudinal member, of box section, is cast inthe center of the bed, extending its length, par
. Railway mechanical engineer . Hulson Locomotive Grate With the Lifting Grate Open The effective grate area is, therefore, practically reduced bythe area of the dump grate. In order that the entire area of the grate may be uniformlyeffective, the Hulson Grate Company, Keokuk, Iowa, hasdesigned a locomotive grate in wliich the drop grate is re-placed by three finger bars in a frame which may be swungupward about a shaft journaled at the front end of the grate. Side View of the Grate Showing the Operating Connections frames. Standard Hulson finger bars are used in the liftingframe and they are Stock Photo
RM2CGW7CJ–. Railway mechanical engineer . Hulson Locomotive Grate With the Lifting Grate Open The effective grate area is, therefore, practically reduced bythe area of the dump grate. In order that the entire area of the grate may be uniformlyeffective, the Hulson Grate Company, Keokuk, Iowa, hasdesigned a locomotive grate in wliich the drop grate is re-placed by three finger bars in a frame which may be swungupward about a shaft journaled at the front end of the grate. Side View of the Grate Showing the Operating Connections frames. Standard Hulson finger bars are used in the liftingframe and they are
. American engineer and railroad journal . dbetween the power-house and locomotive shop is interesting.The high-pressure steam line was calculated from the full-load steam consumption of the blower engines as stated by themakers, allowing a drop of pressure of 25 lbs. between thepower-house and engine, and the exhaust pipe was calculatedfor the maximum flow from power-house necessary, as statedby the makers of the heater, to supply the heater coils underthe worst conditions, after deducting, of course, that suppliedfrom the exhaust of the engine itself. The formula used is asfollows: /w(P — P Stock Photo
RM2CR7556–. American engineer and railroad journal . dbetween the power-house and locomotive shop is interesting.The high-pressure steam line was calculated from the full-load steam consumption of the blower engines as stated by themakers, allowing a drop of pressure of 25 lbs. between thepower-house and engine, and the exhaust pipe was calculatedfor the maximum flow from power-house necessary, as statedby the makers of the heater, to supply the heater coils underthe worst conditions, after deducting, of course, that suppliedfrom the exhaust of the engine itself. The formula used is asfollows: /w(P — P
. American engineer and railroad journal . ease, Assistant Chem-ist, of the Pcnnsylv.Tnia Railroad. Explanatory.As is well known, spirits of turi)entino, so largely useil as aconstituent of paints, japans, and varnlsh<s, is a distillate fromcertain species of pine, or from the pitch from tliese pines.The common adulteration In the markets of this country ap-pears to be petroleum in some form, although it is quite possi-ble that rosin spirits, or the undistilled pitch, or even rosin,may bo added. It is not expected that the tests that are de-scribed below will insure that nothing liut pure s Stock Photo
RM2CGYH0G–. American engineer and railroad journal . ease, Assistant Chem-ist, of the Pcnnsylv.Tnia Railroad. Explanatory.As is well known, spirits of turi)entino, so largely useil as aconstituent of paints, japans, and varnlsh<s, is a distillate fromcertain species of pine, or from the pitch from tliese pines.The common adulteration In the markets of this country ap-pears to be petroleum in some form, although it is quite possi-ble that rosin spirits, or the undistilled pitch, or even rosin,may bo added. It is not expected that the tests that are de-scribed below will insure that nothing liut pure s
. American engineer and railroad journal . insk on the Trans-Siberian Railway. This linefollows, more or less, the present caravan route, over which,each year, hundreds of thousands of camels transport tea toSiberia and retm-n with wool, camels hair and furs. Thetraffic over this line would be important, and unless a checkis put upon Russian influence there will be another Russo-Chinese combination railway company. The Peking-Hankow-Canton Railway will be the great trunkline of China. Nearly every syndicate that has been repre-sented in China during the last fifteen years has made an effortto Stock Photo
RM2CGYB5M–. American engineer and railroad journal . insk on the Trans-Siberian Railway. This linefollows, more or less, the present caravan route, over which,each year, hundreds of thousands of camels transport tea toSiberia and retm-n with wool, camels hair and furs. Thetraffic over this line would be important, and unless a checkis put upon Russian influence there will be another Russo-Chinese combination railway company. The Peking-Hankow-Canton Railway will be the great trunkline of China. Nearly every syndicate that has been repre-sented in China during the last fifteen years has made an effortto
. Exploitation technique des chemins de fer .. . FiG. 52. — Bascule pour wagons. cela de caler le pont. Le calage est généralement obtenu aumoyen dune came qui soulève le tablier; de manière à déga- CONSTRUCTION 129 ger ses points dappui; la charge entière repose alors sur lacame. Linconvénient de ce système est que la came suse,les leviers tombent alors sur leur point dappui. Dans le système du Midi, tout le mécanisme est abaissé, letablier repose alors sur des supports venus de fonte avec lacuve, dont la hauteur est de 650 millimètres. Labaissement etle relèvement du tabher sont obtenus au m Stock Photo
RM2CPXM54–. Exploitation technique des chemins de fer .. . FiG. 52. — Bascule pour wagons. cela de caler le pont. Le calage est généralement obtenu aumoyen dune came qui soulève le tablier; de manière à déga- CONSTRUCTION 129 ger ses points dappui; la charge entière repose alors sur lacame. Linconvénient de ce système est que la came suse,les leviers tombent alors sur leur point dappui. Dans le système du Midi, tout le mécanisme est abaissé, letablier repose alors sur des supports venus de fonte avec lacuve, dont la hauteur est de 650 millimètres. Labaissement etle relèvement du tabher sont obtenus au m
. Railway mechanical engineer . Lathe Boring Tool Holder For High Speed Steel Tools Stem is turned to fit into the tail stock center. This holdsthe drill in perfect alinement and eliminates the troublecaused by the socket slipping from the tail stock center whenthe drill pushes through the work, as is the case with othersockets. The tail or arm of the drill socket is long enoughto rest on the tool carriage and it relieves the tail stock ofall torsional strain. This tool has been found very satisfac-tory and useful. It is made from l-)i in. material, the armbeing 31-32 in. in diameter. It has a Stock Photo
RM2CRMD1Y–. Railway mechanical engineer . Lathe Boring Tool Holder For High Speed Steel Tools Stem is turned to fit into the tail stock center. This holdsthe drill in perfect alinement and eliminates the troublecaused by the socket slipping from the tail stock center whenthe drill pushes through the work, as is the case with othersockets. The tail or arm of the drill socket is long enoughto rest on the tool carriage and it relieves the tail stock ofall torsional strain. This tool has been found very satisfac-tory and useful. It is made from l-)i in. material, the armbeing 31-32 in. in diameter. It has a
. Railway mechanical engineer . f these pipesextends a few inches inside the dome and is used for theair pressure feed; the otlier passes to the lowest part of thetank and acts as a discharge. If a special dome cover is not AIR PRESS FOR STRAIGHTENINGSTEEL SHEETS BY NORMAN McLEOD The reclamation of distorted steel parts of cars, particu-larly tlie bent sheets of steel cars, is a most important fea-ture in economical car repair work and is being given con-siderable attention by car repairmen. The air press shownin the drawing is a development brought about by the needof an efficient means of st Stock Photo
RM2CH29Y9–. Railway mechanical engineer . f these pipesextends a few inches inside the dome and is used for theair pressure feed; the otlier passes to the lowest part of thetank and acts as a discharge. If a special dome cover is not AIR PRESS FOR STRAIGHTENINGSTEEL SHEETS BY NORMAN McLEOD The reclamation of distorted steel parts of cars, particu-larly tlie bent sheets of steel cars, is a most important fea-ture in economical car repair work and is being given con-siderable attention by car repairmen. The air press shownin the drawing is a development brought about by the needof an efficient means of st
. Railway mechanical engineer . High Points at Reading Locomotive Shops Second Installment Giving Details of Modern SpringShop, Hydraulic Press and Erecting Shop Work Part II DURING the Railroad Administration considerabledifficulty was found in getting locomotive and tendersprings and it was decided to build a small spring shopand install some modem spring-making machiner. Accord-Lnglv, an addition was made to tlie southwest corner of the. Fig. 15—R. D. Wood Hydraulic Machine Used for Stripping Springs blacksmith shop (see Fig. 1), providing a well-lighted roomof ample size to handle the wor Stock Photo
RM2CGTMT7–. Railway mechanical engineer . High Points at Reading Locomotive Shops Second Installment Giving Details of Modern SpringShop, Hydraulic Press and Erecting Shop Work Part II DURING the Railroad Administration considerabledifficulty was found in getting locomotive and tendersprings and it was decided to build a small spring shopand install some modem spring-making machiner. Accord-Lnglv, an addition was made to tlie southwest corner of the. Fig. 15—R. D. Wood Hydraulic Machine Used for Stripping Springs blacksmith shop (see Fig. 1), providing a well-lighted roomof ample size to handle the wor
. Railway mechanical engineer . ny connection for the purpose of regulating the arc. Ahand-wheel is conveniently located on the top of the ma-chine and furnishes a means whereby the secondary windingmay be raised and lowered to provide for the regulationnecessary for various conditions of work and sizes of elec-trodes. It is claimed by the manufacturer that the inherentreaction of the transformer automatically stabilizes the arcfor different arc lengths and that the current consumption isfrom 20 to 40 per cent less than that for motor generatorwelding equipment. It is also claimed that, due to Stock Photo
RM2CP67RG–. Railway mechanical engineer . ny connection for the purpose of regulating the arc. Ahand-wheel is conveniently located on the top of the ma-chine and furnishes a means whereby the secondary windingmay be raised and lowered to provide for the regulationnecessary for various conditions of work and sizes of elec-trodes. It is claimed by the manufacturer that the inherentreaction of the transformer automatically stabilizes the arcfor different arc lengths and that the current consumption isfrom 20 to 40 per cent less than that for motor generatorwelding equipment. It is also claimed that, due to
. Railway mechanical engineer . Shcwino Holes Cut at the Top torease the Draft of making alterations in the Baker heaters that would adaptthem for burning soft coal. With this end in view e.xtensivetests were conducted at the ^Milwaukee shops. A car was setcut on one of the shop tracks and boarded up to prevent achange of air due to drafts around the windows. The investigation ser-ed to show that soft coal requiredmore draft than could be secured with the ordinary arrange-ment. After making numerous trials an arrangement thatwould bum soft coal successfully was found. The size of thestove pip Stock Photo
RM2CGXC8W–. Railway mechanical engineer . Shcwino Holes Cut at the Top torease the Draft of making alterations in the Baker heaters that would adaptthem for burning soft coal. With this end in view e.xtensivetests were conducted at the ^Milwaukee shops. A car was setcut on one of the shop tracks and boarded up to prevent achange of air due to drafts around the windows. The investigation ser-ed to show that soft coal requiredmore draft than could be secured with the ordinary arrange-ment. After making numerous trials an arrangement thatwould bum soft coal successfully was found. The size of thestove pip
. Railway mechanical engineer . hinery and onedevice was designed to machine the jaws by means of aportable milling machine. The two objections to this devicewere its lack of rigidity and the danger of removing too much metal. Obviously the best method would be to use someform of grinding machine which would cut no matter howhard the surface and remove only enough material to true upthe jaws. The machine illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11 wasdevised for this purpose. As shown in the illustrations,power is supplied by means of an air motor driving a 1 in.Iiy 8 in. grinding wheel through one pair of Stock Photo
RM2CGTXR0–. Railway mechanical engineer . hinery and onedevice was designed to machine the jaws by means of aportable milling machine. The two objections to this devicewere its lack of rigidity and the danger of removing too much metal. Obviously the best method would be to use someform of grinding machine which would cut no matter howhard the surface and remove only enough material to true upthe jaws. The machine illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11 wasdevised for this purpose. As shown in the illustrations,power is supplied by means of an air motor driving a 1 in.Iiy 8 in. grinding wheel through one pair of
. American engineer and railroad journal . mended for use with any of the white metal alloys, as thereis a simpler method o( tn-ating these alloys.Operation.Dissolve 1 gram of line borings in 20 c. c. of C. P. nitricacid, 1.20 specific gravity, and evaporate until the residue willnot adhere to a dry glass rod. Add 10 c. c. of concentratedC. P. nitric acid, 1.42 specific gravity; heat where the tem-perature is about 275 degrees for 10 minutes; add 75 c. c. of dis-tilled water; stir thoroughly; heat nearly to boiling for 10 or 15minutes to facilitate separation of the pre<;ipitate, allowto se Stock Photo
RM2CGWMA8–. American engineer and railroad journal . mended for use with any of the white metal alloys, as thereis a simpler method o( tn-ating these alloys.Operation.Dissolve 1 gram of line borings in 20 c. c. of C. P. nitricacid, 1.20 specific gravity, and evaporate until the residue willnot adhere to a dry glass rod. Add 10 c. c. of concentratedC. P. nitric acid, 1.42 specific gravity; heat where the tem-perature is about 275 degrees for 10 minutes; add 75 c. c. of dis-tilled water; stir thoroughly; heat nearly to boiling for 10 or 15minutes to facilitate separation of the pre<;ipitate, allowto se