 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 8U. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Die hheren pilze (Basidiomycetes) . ⢠!â â -
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. , PUCCiNiA. 357 cellular spaces were more numerous and also larger. Other minor differences are also given, but there seems to have been. Fig. 190.—Anemone-R%tsL 2 and 3, Normal plants of Anemone ranunculoides. 4, Aecidium punctatmn on Anemone ranunculoides ; aecidia on the lower surface of the leaf; the plants are abnormally elongated, and the leaf-segments are smaller. 6 and 7, Puccinia fusca on Anemone nemorosa ;
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. Is â. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fig. 181.—Ustilarjo tragopogonis. Plants of Tragopogon in flower and fruit— 1, normal fruit; 2 and 3, normal flowers; 4, two normal flower-buds. The remaining specimens are attacked by the fungus, and, in consequence, remain in the bud cundition, and filled with black spores which escape by the opening of the involucre, (v. Tubeuf phot.) yeast-like, till, on deficiency of nutrition, fusion and subsequent germination takes place. Ust. intermedia Schroet. {Ust. Jlosculorum D. C.) (Britain). The anthers of Scabiosa Cohnnharia become filled with the dark violet spores of this smut. The spores ge
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. AECIDIUM-FORMS. 407. iu the growth of the wood disturbs the elements, so that they are irregularly developed and more or less twisted.^ A mycelium inhabits the tissues of abnormal twigs and cankered swellings. It grows in the . intercellular spaces of the rind, between the bast cells and outer parts of the wood, and derives nutriment by means of haustoria; these either bore through the cell-walls, or only press clos
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 7h. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fig. 111.—Acilaospora ialeola. Portion of cortex with embedded stromata. «, Corky layer; h, after removal of corky layer; c, section of stroma. ( x f.) (After Hartig.)
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. DASYSCYPHA. 271 Dasyscypha (Peziza) Willkommii, Hartig.^ The Larch Canker (Britain and U.S. America). Everywhere in the mountains, the home of the larch, one finds, on young branches and old stems, depressed canker-spots, on which the sporocarps of Dasyscypha Willkommii are developed. Young twigs, when attacked, are already conspicuous in .July and August by their pale and withered needles, and on them small canker-
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 72. <'©. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fii;. 211.—C'hri/somyxa rhododfndi't. Teleuto- spore-sorus which has ruptured the lower epi- dermis of a leaf of Rhododendron hirsutuin. The teleutospores are jjluricellular, and one of them has germinated, giving a promycelium with sterigniata, from which little sporidia are being abjointed. (After De Bary.)
 . Development of cytochemical methods for the study of ascospore wall biogenesis and maturation. Ascomycetes; Ascospores; Fungi. ;â â¢â â¢*' "⢠0 when a protein and carbohydrate were closely associated, but not covalently bound together. The antigenic determinant must be exposed in section, rather than buried in the wall as no pretreatment of the sections was required for labeling. This antibody preparation labeled ascospores only in the late stages of the developmental sequence (fig. 4.6). â¢1 Anitbody 41-1.1 This monolonal antibody labeled an inner (sporoplasmic) layer of the primary a
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 90. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fie. 196.—Caeoma piniiorquum. Section showing four pycnidia, from one of which (.tp) numerr)us conidia are being disch;irged. Cfnom/i-TpMches are developing beneath tlic cortical layer, as yet unbroken. (After R. Hartig.) occur in large numbers, an early fall of the leaf may result. The teleutospores hibernate in dead leaves on the ground. In spring the sporidia germinate and infect young shoots of Pinus sylvcstris, producing the disease known as Caeoma j^initcn'quvm} This disease attacks pine-seedlings, appearing generally on the needles. It is most frequent in plantations from one to ten y
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 448 BASIDIOMYCETES. pinuum Bresadola or P. fulvus Scop, of E. Hartig). Sporophores on silver fir, less commonly on spruce. Their form varies much, according as they occur on a branch or on the stem. In the former case, the sporophore forms a swelling below and on each side of the more or less horizontal branch. On the stem they are more or less bracket-like. The sporophores are reddish brown with a smooth upper surf
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. ® <^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 .
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. ERYSIPHEAE. 171 The operation is done by hand or by special implement. One of the best known of these is the "Sulphur Puff." This consists of a brush with a hollow stem to contain flowers of sulphur, the end of the stem being perforated to allow the sulphur to escape on to the plant. Sulphuring must be carried out during dry weather to prevent the powder being washed away. It has also to be frequently repe
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 86. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 .
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 368 UREDINEAE. M. salicis-capreae (Pers.) (Britain and U.S. America). Uredo- and teleutospores on leaves of Salix Caprea and several other species. According to Eostrup, OasorrM euonymi (Gmel.) is a stage of this.^ M. Hartigii Thiim."^ {M. epitea Thtim.) (Britain and U.S. America). Uredo- and teleutospores on leaves of Scdix pruinosa. S. daphnoides, S. mminalis, etc. Eostrup regards C rihesii Lk. of Ribes as a
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 76. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fig. S5.—Claviceps purpurea. A, Selei-otium with seven stromata (cl). B, median longitudinal section through the upper part of a stroma, the flask-shaped perithecia (cp) are embedded in the head. C, Perithecium in longitudinal section (highly magnified)—fej/, hyphal tissue ; sh, cortical tissue of the stroma ; c/>, orifice of the perithecium. D, Isolated ascus ruptured, so that the thread-like asco- spores {sp) have begun to escape. (After Tulasne, from Sach's Lchrbvch.) hyphal tissue. In this condition they are introduced along with grain into bread, which when eaten acts as a powerful p
 . Development of cytochemical methods for the study of ascospore wall biogenesis and maturation. Ascomycetes; Ascospores; Fungi. '.:-;'*! 98 Results PNA, DBA and UEA-I PNA, DBA, and UEA-I did not label the fungi and bacteria tested. UEA-I and DBA did not label sections of the appropriate agglutinating blood type. WGA / GS-II Both WGA and GS-II lectins labeled the ascus wall but not the ascospore walls of Ascodesmis sphaerospora mgs fs 1 &5.2). This same labeling pattern was apparent on Pseudoplectania niqrella for both lectins (figs 5.3 & 5.4). Both lectins labeled vegetative cell wall
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. ® ® Ik ®. ^^' ® ® 4, *. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fig. 104.—Siikacelotheca hydropiperis in the flower of Polygonxun Hydroinper. A, Ripe compound sporophore of the fungus project- ing from the perianth of the Polygonum. H, The s;imc, with the mass of spores emerg- ing from the sporophore. C, Median longi- tudinal section through a young fructifica- tion and its environment. D, Longitudinal section through an older sporophore. c, The columella, p. The perianth. /, The wall of tlie ovary, n, The integument (micropyle) of the ovule, g, The style. In C and D the sterile or young tissue of the fungus is shaded by longitudinal lines, the mass of r
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 65.—Section of normal leaf of Betula odorata. (After W. G. Smith.). Fig. 66.—Section of leaf hypertropbied by attack of Exoascus carneus; the asci of the fungus coat the upper epidermis. Drawn with the same magnification as Fig. 65, for comparison. (After W. G. Smith.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and app
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Km. lii.—Witches' broom of Silver P'ir, caused by Aecidinm elati (V. Tubcuf pilot.) that the shoot produced from such a bud no hjnger retains its iiunual direction of growth, l)ut Ijecomes negatively geotropic like an independent plant. This marked negative geotropism is characteristic of all witches' brooms (Fig. 16), and shows clearly that they are no longer controlled by the same laws of growth as the normal lateral branches. They have in addition other peculiarities not exhibited by normal plants. Thus tlie witches' broom of the silver fir caused by mycelium of Accidium clatinum is not e
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 432 BASIDIOMYCETES. over it a new hymenium; this is continued for some time so that the sporophore consists of successive layers, and the spiny outgrowths become much thickened. Infection, as was experi- mentally shown by Hartig, takes place on wounds. The wood-destruction, consisting of a white-rot, was studied by Hartig, chiefly on the oak and beech. It begins by the. Fig. 262.—Poly-porus igniarius. Causing death
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 80. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . p R a g m, S U M P Ti BUS VOLP(iANGI CERLE» MDCCLXXIL
 . Das System der Pilze. Durch Beschreibungen und Abbildungen erlutert. Fungi; genealogy. HyiiLeTioiiirre^es Eucfosporae. OctosjJorüfc^L Milrati. Tabll.. l/ibrissect^ Grffßlotysum.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Nees von Esenbeck, Theodor Friedrich Ludwig, 1787-1837; Henry, A. (Aim), 1801-1875; Bail, Theodor, 1833-1922. Bonn, Verlag des Lithographischen Instituts der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universi
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 82. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fig. 214.—Cronartium agcUpiadmoii on Cynanchum Vincetoxicum. The uredo- sori show as spots, the teleutospore-sori as processes on the leaves, (v. Tubeuf del.) also on Gcntiana asdepiadca). The aecidial stage, known as Peridcrmium Cornui Eostr. et Kleb. produces a blister-rust on the bark of Finns sylvestris.
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 318 USTILAGINEAE. the plant as a whole did not seem to be much affected. On the other hand, a case was observed near Munich where a large plot of violets was completely killed out in a few years by this fungus. The anatomical changes induced on Viola odoraia were investigated by Wakker^ with the following results: a swelling of the stems, leaves, and flower-stalks occurred, often accom- panied by considerable twisti
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. 88. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fio. 134.—HcUroderris fiUiginosa on living twig of Salix alba. A, Three apothecia, two in section, the third seen from above, showing the cross-like fissure. B, Sections of diseased branches, whose growth has been arrested in the shaded parts ; on the dead bark apothecia are present. (', Asci, spores and paraphyses. (v. Tubeiif del.) Fic. 183.- -Scleroderris full- qiHosa on living twig of Salix Caprea. (v. Tnbeuf del.) shaped, and contain eight colourless spores which are club- shaped, needle-shaped, or thread-like, and divided by septa into four to eight cells. The pores of the asci are col
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 258 ASCOMYCETES. conidia germinate and give off long septate hyphae which, follow- ing the course of the pollen-tube, reach the ovary, and soon iill all four loculi with a white mycelium. The growth of this mycelium proceeds from the central axis towards the walls, and forms a hollow sphere open above and below. The diseased berries cannot be distinguished till ripe; then, whereas the normal are red, the diseased ar
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fig. 117.—Thecapkoni hmilaa. Pluricellu- lar spore, with two cells (spores) germinatlug. (After Woronin.)
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 175.—Tuburcinia trientalis. Spore- Fig. 176.—Apex of an isolated promy- mass genninating; several promycelia have celium from Fig. 175; it carries a whorl of been produced and' are proceeding to form branches, some of which have fused in pairs; whorls of branches. (After Woronin.) all are developing conidia. (After Woronin.) spaces of the pith and rind-parenchyma, also the vessels. The hyphae apply themselves c
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. <'©. ® ® Ik ®. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fifi. l^G.—Sclerotinia oxycocci on Faccinivm Oxycoccvs. Young shoot of Cran- berry with mature conidial cushion and diseased upper leaves. A, Pfsira-cup developed from a sclerotial fruit; numerous rhizoids proceed from the base of the stalk. B. Ascospores in stages of germination. C, Conidia in germination, with remains of disjunctors still attached. (After Woronin.) to several primordia or horn-like stalks, on the extremity of which an apothecium is afterwards formed. Ehizoids are pro- duced at the base of the stalk and attaching themselves to the ground act as supports and organs of nutrit
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. so.—Nectfia ditissuna. Caukci- 011 a stem of Beech, (v. Tubeuf phot.) Fu;. SI.—Nectria ditissima. Canker on Hazel. The place of infection, a partially broken branch-fork. produced. The mycelium, at first gives off tiny unicellular conidia on the bark, then later white cushions bearing fine conidiophores, from which are abjointed multicellular conidia, shaped like a sickle. Infection is brought about by the germ
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fig. 2o9.—Ej:oUi.skliu.,i> rhododendri on Rhododendron ferruginevm. (v. Tiibeuf phot.) A disease due to an Exohaddium is by no means uncommon on Vacdnium idiginomm (bog whortleberry).2 Shoots of diseased plants are deformed, while their leaves become more or less thickened and assume a beautiful rosy colour. On Vacnnivvi Oxycoccos (true cranberry) the shoots and leaflets also become thickened and rose-coloured. Rostrup dis- tinguishes this as a separate species {Exobasidmm oxycocd). Ex. andromedae Peck, produces on Andromeda j^oHfolia symptoms .similar to those just described for the prec
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 116.âH7/poderma strobicota on Pinus Strobus. Ascus containing eight ascospores â with gelatinous coats; paraphyses with clavate ends. (After v. Tubeuf.) Fig. 117.âHypoderma strobicoia. Isolated ascospores: with and without a gelatinous coat, and one- or two-celled. (After v. Tubeuf.) some species, but have a delicate stalk in others. The spores, eight in each ascus, are never long and thread-like, but always mu
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. Is â. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 .
 . Development of cytochemical methods for the study of ascospore wall biogenesis and maturation. Ascomycetes; Ascospores; Fungi. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Lusk, Demaris E..
 . Comparative ontogeny of Thelebolus, Lasiobolus, and Thecotheus (Pezizales, Ascomycetes). Fungi. ^^' ® ® 4, *. :^^^%- ^ .® i (!) ® ®. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Conway, Kenneth Edward, 1943-.
 . Fio. 205.—CulypiOKpora OoipiKAiano. Aecidia on the under surface of needles of Silver Fir. (v. Tubeuf del.) "m^^w^
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 364 UREDINEAK. direction; their sori form dark spots which break out from beneath the epidermis. The yellow uredospores have a coat beset with fine spines, and are given off from sori which may or may not be enclosed in a peridium. The sori of the aeeidium-stage have no peridium, and are known under the generic name of Caeoma; they frequently occur on other hosts than those of the teleutospores. Pycnidia are produce
 . Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France. Mycology; Fungi; Fungi. 366 F. MOREAU. grande part des réserves de l'épiplasme, de sorte que les quatre dernières venues se trouveront en retard sur les pre- mières, en même temps qu'elles devront s'alimenter aux dépens d'un épiplasme déjà appauvri (fig. 2o). On s'explique que ces spores retardataires soient parfois incapables de développement et que, le plus souvent, elles n'atteignent qu'une taille inférieure à celle de leurs aînées.. D'ailleurs, le retard que présentent quatre des noyaux n'est pas toujours aussi cons
 . Die hheren pilze (Basidiomycetes) .
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. FlG. 270.—Poti/poTus horeaUs. Destruction of FlQ. 271.—Poli/porus horeatis. Later stage Spruce-wood. The white mycelium is present, of destruction.- The Spruce-wood is broken dividiDg the decayed wood into cubical pieces. up into cubical pieces, and the mycelium has (v. Tubeuf phot.) disappeared, (v. Tubeuf phot.) like pieces, particularly evident when the wood is broken (Fig. 271). The cell-walls are dissolved from
 . Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France. Mycology; Fungi; Fungi. 84, Rue de Grenelle, PARIS-VII« arr' 1921. Publié le 15 avril 1921.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Société mycologique de France. Paris : La Société
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 . Das System der Pilze. Durch Beschreibungen und Abbildungen erlutert. Fungi; genealogy. Tat. 30 liAiiieiioinveeles Kx<)S|i«raira,s|>ori(lei.Polvi)(tr(M. Jtl'l'llfl IIS. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Nees von Esenbeck, Theodor Friedrich Ludwig, 1787-1837; Henry, A. (Aim), 1801-1875; Bail, Theodor, 1833-1922. Bonn, Verlag des Lithographischen Instituts der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitt und
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. PERIDERMIUM. 417 The soft hypertrophied shoots are eaten. They occur chiefly in Scandinavia, but recently were observed by Gobi and Tranzschel in the neighbourhood of St. Petersburg.^. Fio. 252.—Aeddium coru^cans on malformed shoots of Spruce. The compact abnormal shoots thickly covered with white aecidia contrast strongly with the normal portions, (v. Tubeuf phot, from material presented by Prof. Fries, TJpsala.) P
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 . Development of cytochemical methods for the study of ascospore wall biogenesis and maturation. Ascomycetes; Ascospores; Fungi. Tt 102. Figure 5.4. GS-II labeling on P. niqrella. A) ascus, ascospore and paraphysis labeling; B) cells of the excipular layer; C) sugar negative control.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Lusk, Demaris E..
 . Hawaiian Fungi. Fungi. 152 Bernice P. Bishop Museum—Bulletin On Saccharum officinarum "Johnston believes that this fungus has been reported from Hawaii."— Caum. DEMATIACEAE-DIDYMOSPORAE 146. CLADOSPORIUM Link. Sp. PI. Fungi vol. 6, p. 39, 1824 See under Phyllosticta colacasiophila, pp. 129-132. DEMATIACEAE-PHRAGMOSPHOREAE 147. HELMINTHOSPORIUM Link. Berl. Mag. vol. 3, p. 10, 1809 No. 352. Helminthosporium cibotii Stevens and Weedon n. sp. Spots 3-7 mm. in diameter, irregularly circular, center tan-colored, shrunken, thin, surrounded by a densely black border 1-2 mm. wide, which sha
 . Fig. 125.âLophodermium nerciseqv.ium. Section of a needle of Silver Fir. h, Pycnidium on upper surface shedding conidia. o, Apothe- cium on the lower surface. (After R. Hartig.)
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 214.—Cronai'tium asclepiadeum oji Ct/nanch^m Vincetoxicum. The uredo- sori sliow as spots, the teleutospore-sori as processes on the leaves, (v. Tubeuf del) also on Gentiana asclepiadea). The aecidial stage, known as Peridermium Oornui Eostr. et Kleb. produces a blister-rust on the bark of Pinus sylvestris.. Fig. 215.—Ci-onartium asclepiadeum. Section of a Cynanchum leaf. The leaf-parenchyma is permeated with m
 . Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France. Mycology; Fungi; Fungi. 6. 6. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Société mycologique de France. Paris : La Société
 . Fig. 130.—Sections of Maple leaves showing the upper epidermis ruptured by 1, Rhytisma acerinum ; 2, Rhytisnia puncto.ti'.m. Fig. 131.—Rhytisma symmetricuni Mull. Two leaves of Sa.lix purpurea with stromata. A, The upper side. B, The lower side. C, Longitudinal section through the same leaf, showing numerous apothecia on the upper side, fewer on the lower ; the shaded middle part represents leaf-tissue, the remainder is the light fungal stroma in which the darker apothecia are embedded, (v. Tubeuf del.) Rh. salicinum Pers. (Britain and U.S. America). Thickened black wrinkled spots appear fre
 . Das System der Pilze. Durch Beschreibungen und Abbildungen erlutert. Fungi; genealogy. Hnnouumvi'rtes. Exospnrap Tptra.spoi'idci Vlialloulpi 'hh.'lk. IZym^Yt^/fA-^/lu^.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Nees von Esenbeck, Theodor Friedrich Ludwig, 1787-1837; Henry, A. (Aim), 1801-1875; Bail, Theodor, 1833-1922. Bonn, Verlag des Lithographischen Instituts der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitt und der
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. DASYSCYPHA. 271 Dasyscypha (Peziza) Willkommii, Hartig.^ The Larch Canker (Britain and U.S. America). Everywhere in the mountains, the home of the larch, one finds, on young branches and old stems, depressed canker-spots, on which the sporocarps of Dasyscypha Willkommii are developed. Young twigs, when attacked, are already conspicuous in July and August by their pale and withered needles, and on them small canker-spo
 . Flo. 12".—Sc)dzolhyriuin ptannicae on Achillea Ptarmica. (v. Tubeuf del.) up the epidermis into lobes. The thick asci contain two to four large two-celled spores. Paraphyses are present. A pycnidial form is known as Leptothyrium i^tarmica^ (Sacc). Rhytisma. The fungi of this genus live in the tissues of living plants and form sclerotial cushions as isolated black spots. In these places the pycnidia are developed, and are followed by apothecia after the death of the leaves. The apothecia open by a fissure, and contain thread-like paraphyses and club-shaped asci with eight needle-shaped s
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. SPHACELOTHECA. 305 period, and produce three-celled promycelia with elongated ovoid conidia, which sprout indefinitely. In nutritive solutions two or three promycelia may be produced. Schizonella.^ The spores are produced in series on the reproductive hyphae. At first two-chambered by means of a cross-septum, they later separate into two loosely-joined cells and form twin-spores; each half germinates like an Ustilag
 . Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France. Mycology; Fungi; Fungi. BULL DE LA SOC. MYC. DE FRANCE. T. XXXVI, PL. XT. 0 o yoo qo. Zy^osaccharomyces Pa-sWi Guill.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Société mycologique de France. Paris : La Société
 . Fig. 180. — Uromycei pisi. Comparison of liealthy flowei-ing plant of Euphorbia Ci/parissias, with a much-elongated, non-flowering plant bearing aecidia of Pea- rust, (v. Tubeuf phot.) corte.K and pith, while at the same time those of the cortical parenchyma become somewhat enlarged and altered in shape; the woody portion is less developed than normally; and laticiferous tubes are neither so large nor so conspicuous as usual. The aecidia of this species are found only on the lower surface of the leaf; they are saucer-shaped, and have a broad lobed white margin.
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 250 ASCOMYCETES. Scleroderris. A ^black stroma is formed in the bark of twigs attacked by this fungus, and thence the apothecia break out in great numbers, at first as closed spheres, later as stalked open cups with finely lobed rims. The asci are cylindrical or club- m Fig. 13B-'Scleroderris full' rtinosa on living twig of Salix Caprea. (v. Tubeuf del.). Fig. 134.— i^clerodei-^'is faliginosa ou living twig of Salix
 . Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France. Mycology; Fungi; Fungi. (^ ^ »J#»; < M D "S o (0 â X o ^ , w w UJ « !h -U Kl â flj â g Ph ^ w m co CD --I :z! co f^ ^ O w m o « ti -tti o PQ. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Société mycologique de France. Paris : La Société
 .
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 438 BASmiOMYCETES.. Pig. 267.—Polj/porus sulphureus on a Willow (Salix alba) at HirschaUi near Munich, (v. Tubeuf phot.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Tubeuf, Karl, freiherr von, 1862-1941; Smith, William G. London ; New York [
 . Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 46 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI and become flask-shaped sporangia. The marked thickening of their membrane continues beyond the sporangial neck, affects part of the original hyphae and forms a peculiar tube (Fig. 29, 2). The mycelium collapses very early, thereby liberating the sporangia which germinate by a dissolution of the septum in the neck. Hypnospores are unknown. Cladochytrium and N owakowskiella are somewhat more highly dif- ferentiated. In Cladochytrium the zoosporangia open by gelification of a papilla, in N owakoivskiella by a lid. Clado
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 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 552 THE PATHOGENIC ALGAE. Mycoidaceae. Cephaleuros Mycoidea, Karsten^ {Mycoidea parasitica. Cunning.).^ This alga is epiphytic on the leaves of most trees and shrubs in the tropics. It varies considerably in its appear-. ">&> Fig. 328.—Cephaleuros Mycoidea. Section through the epidermis of a leaf of CaTntllia, showing the thallus-like disc with haustoria. (After Gxinningiiani.) ance, but generally for
 . Das System der Pilze. Durch Beschreibungen und Abbildungen erlutert. Fungi; genealogy. TahXI TfymeiLoinvxetesIlxosporae IfonosponcCei Tremeflei. Tieinella l^TiienouLjcetesExDsporae. fSpihpoi-itloi l)n(TTnvTotos. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Nees von Esenbeck, Theodor Friedrich Ludwig, 1787-1837; Henry, A. (Aim), 1801-1875; Bail, Theodor, 1833-1922. Bonn, Verlag des Lithographischen Instituts der Rheini
 . Fio. 2t)!>. Pohn'orv^ xalplmrcus. The white niyceliuni forms concentric zones and radial lines on the cross-section of Oak. (.fter R. Harti(j.) surface is shaggy when fresh, and no internal zones are exhibited. The shape is somewhat cushion or bracket-like, but very variable ; 1 De Seynes, Annul, de Sci. nat, Ser. V., Vol. i., 1SC4. -R. Hartig, Zersetzungierscheinungen, PI. X.
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 257.—Bxobasidium vaccinii. The basidial layer is shown developing from the intercelUilar myceliiim of the shoots. (After Woronin.). Fig. 258.—Exobasidium vaccinii, Germinating basidiospores. The septate spores have given off germ-tubes which penetrate into the cowberry leaves, either by stomata or through the epidermis. The lowest spore is forming conidia. (After Woronin.) This Eosobasidium is very common on th
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. CYSTOPUS. 125 Besides conidia, spherical oospores may also be present ; these are generally produced on the stems of the host-plant, but also on Hower-stalks and ovary-walls. The spherical conidia arise in simple chains on short coni- diophores, and are loosely connected by tiny intermediate cells. The conidial cushions rupture the epidermis and the ripe conidia fall oft' to produce biciliate swarming cells (Fig. 34).
 . Fig. 310.—Epidermis of a Pine-seedling with a stoma. Some hyphae of Fusoma have produced partial dissolution of cell- walls. (After R. Hartig.)
 . Development of cytochemical methods for the study of ascospore wall biogenesis and maturation. Ascomycetes; Ascospores; Fungi. '^. 104 <::.. ^jH i Figure 5.6. LFA labeling on A. sphaerospora. A) on an ascospore (1/80 lectin dilution); B) on an ascospore (1/40 lectin dilution); C) sugar negative control (1/80 lectin dilution) on an ascospore. Con A Con A labeling on A. sphaerospora was different than for the previous lectins. In this case the lectin labeled the ascospore walls strongly (fig. 5.8 A-C) and an inner layer of vegetative cell walls or the plasma membrane of these cells (fig. 5.
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae. Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 102 SYMBIOSIS. much and become club-shaped or dichotomously branched bodies without power of division, which may be designated " bacteroids." ^ Brunchorst found the contents of the bacteroids. Fig. 23.—Jihi:ohlum kguminosarum. Root-twbercles on Kobinia Fseiulacacia (V. Tubexif phot.) to disappear at the time of the fruit-formation of the host- plant. A small number of microbe-bodies still remain, according t
 . Fig. 30C—MoHilia fructigena more or less concentric lines, attack, (v. Tubeuf del.) A, Apple showing the grey conidial patches as S, Young Peach, slnivelled up in consequence of next spring, when the fruit is again moist, further conidia are given off'. Infection takes place by wounds or even through the epidermis of young leaves and blossoms. The conidia have
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. POLYPORUS. 441 stems of oak-trees. At first they are soft, later hard and brown with grooves on the upper side. The dark heart-wood of the oak exhibits white or yellowish longitudinal stripes of rotten wood converted into cellulose (Fig. 272). In the white portions. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance o
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 102 SYMBIOSIS. much and become club-shaped or dichotomously branched bodies without power of division, which may be designated " bacteroids." ^ Brunchorst found the contents of the bacteroids. Fig. 23.—Rhizobium teguminosarum, Root*tubercles on Robinia Fseudacacia (V. Tubeuf phot.) to disappear at the time of the fruit-formation of the host- plant. A small number of microbe-bodies still remain, according t
 .
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. EFFECT OF PARASITIC FUNGI ON THE FORM OF HOST-PLANT. 25. the ovules become atrophied, whereas the rest of the flower is hypertrophied. Similarly with flowers of cowberry deformed by Uxobasidium. 2. Hypertrophy.âMany para- sitic fungi cause abnormal enlarge- ment or other malformation of plants which they attack. The simplest case of hypertrophy is seen in the enlargement of a uni- cellular plant as a result of an en
 . Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France. Mycology; Fungi; Fungi. Lons-le-Siunier. — Impr. et Lithogr. Lucien Dechime, rue du Commerce 55. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Société mycologique de France. Paris : La Société
 . Fio. 297.—a, Leader-shoot of Spruce, partially killed and defoliated, b, Pycnidia emerging from the rind and the leaf-scars (x o). c, Formation of oonidia inside a pycnidium (x 240). rf, Spores germinating in water. ., Spores germinating in nutritive gelatine. (After R. Hartig.) 1 Cavara (Zej7.sc/i./. Pflauzenkrankheilen, in., p. 23) regards this and S. tritici with its varieties, as forms of a single species; also Eriksson {Om Nagra sjukdomar d odlade Vdxter, 1890). -Atkinson, " Carnation Diseases," at American Carnation Society, 1893.
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 306.—Monilia fi-uctigena. A, Apple showing the grey conldial patches as more or less concentric lines. S^ Young Peach, smivelled up in consequence of attack, (v. Tubeuf del.) next spring, when the fruit is again moist, further conidia are given off. Infection takes place by wounds or even through the epidermis of young leaves and blossoms. The conidia have. Fig. 307.—Monilia frucliqena. Branched conidiophore wi
 . Bulletin trimestriel de la Société mycologique de France. Mycology; Fungi; Fungi. BULL. DE LA. SOC. MYC. DE FRANCE. T. XXXV. PL. XVIII.. Diclyospornim ivruloides (Gda) Gueg. et Crisitila iruegra Chen.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Société mycologique de France. Paris : La Société
 . Fig. iS.—Exoascv.a pruni. Twig of Plum, with four deformed fruits; one normal plum is partially hidden, the other is in the middle. ^ natural size, (v. Tubeuf del.) The mycelium hibernates in the soft bast of the twigs, and proceeds thence in spring into young shoots and ovaries. According to De Bary, the infected ovaries double their size in two days, and are full grown in eight days. The asci form a close layer under the cuticle of the ovary, and finally rupture it.
 . Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. 546 THE PATHOGENIC ALGAE. but several inhabit Hepaticae, chiefly species of Anthoceros, Blasia, Pellia, Aneura, Diplolaena, Sauteria, and Biccia. Nostoc lichenoides Vauch.^ is a common endophyte in the mucilage-cavities of Anthoceros laevis. The motile algal filaments sain admission through the stomata or mucilage-fissures on the lower side of the thallus. Only one filament is admitted into each cavity, then the ope
![. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. /^% ffc. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Gäumann, Ernst Albert, 1893-1963; Dodge, Carroll William, 1895-. New York [etc. ] McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. - Stock Image](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/REF92X/comparative-morphology-of-fungi-fungi-ffc-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-gumann-ernst-albert-1893-1963-dodge-carroll-william-1895-new-york-etc-mcgraw-hill-book-company-inc-REF92X.jpg) . Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. /^% ffc. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Gäumann, Ernst Albert, 1893-1963; Dodge, Carroll William, 1895-. New York [etc. ] McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.
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