![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the period T = 1/f = 2 ir/o 2-n/ui /„ 2 „ .2 3 /.' /Kp TTa £Aa) „ 1 sm 2 03 t dt ,/ P / 2 2 3 'K. p ir a Jl A 03 1 w K^ p IT a I A 03 1 w Zy/Y 1/2. 2tt/o3 1/2 60. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readab - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the period T = 1/f = 2 ir/o 2-n/ui /„ 2 „ .2 3 /.' /Kp TTa £Aa) „ 1 sm 2 03 t dt ,/ P / 2 2 3 'K. p ir a Jl A 03 1 w K^ p IT a I A 03 1 w Zy/Y 1/2. 2tt/o3 1/2 60. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readab
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the period T = 1/f = 2 ir/o 2-n/ui /„ 2 „ .2 3 /.' /Kp TTa £Aa) „ 1 sm 2 03 t dt ,/ P / 2 2 3 'K. p ir a Jl A 03 1 w K^ p IT a I A 03 1 w Zy/Y 1/2. 2tt/o3 1/2 60. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readabhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-2-2-3-k-p-it-a-a-jo-sin-to-t-cos-u-t-1-w-2-2-3-k-p-tt-a-i-a-0-sin-2-03-t-1-w-where-x-=-a-sin-o-t-x-=-a-oj-cos-co-t-2-x-=-a-0-sm-to-t-the-power-which-must-be-supplied-is-the-rms-power-12-where-the-period-t-=-1f-=-2-iro-2-nui-2-2-3-kp-tta-aa-1-sm-2-03-t-dt-p-2-2-3-k-p-ir-a-jl-a-03-1-w-k-p-it-a-i-a-03-1-w-zyy-12-2tto3-12-60-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readab-image231803821.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. •a Q ^ ^ -S ^" 3 -a -C II ^ •J 3 ° S 05 a.. 3 •* * 56. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. •a Q ^ ^ -S ^" 3 -a -C II ^ •J 3 ° S 05 a.. 3 •* * 56. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. •a Q ^ ^ -S ^" 3 -a -C II ^ •J 3 ° S 05 a.. 3 •* * 56. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-a-q-s-quot-3-a-c-ii-j-3-s-05-a-3-56-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image216082463.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image231803933.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Thus, it can be seen that clay soils exhibit the worst case for drawbar pull requirements. In order to determine the power required to vibrate the plow (the feed shoe is isolated from the plowshare to prevent cable damage and reduce power requirements for vibration), consider a vibrating mass X = A sin 0) t where A = the amplitude 0) = the frequency Then X = A 0) cos u) t â A CO sin 00 t Instantaneous power is given by P = Fv = mxx .2 3 . = - m A u sm u t cos co t P = a2 3 A CO sin 2 0) t T - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Thus, it can be seen that clay soils exhibit the worst case for drawbar pull requirements. In order to determine the power required to vibrate the plow (the feed shoe is isolated from the plowshare to prevent cable damage and reduce power requirements for vibration), consider a vibrating mass X = A sin 0) t where A = the amplitude 0) = the frequency Then X = A 0) cos u) t â A CO sin 00 t Instantaneous power is given by P = Fv = mxx .2 3 . = - m A u sm u t cos co t P = a2 3 A CO sin 2 0) t T
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Thus, it can be seen that clay soils exhibit the worst case for drawbar pull requirements. In order to determine the power required to vibrate the plow (the feed shoe is isolated from the plowshare to prevent cable damage and reduce power requirements for vibration), consider a vibrating mass X = A sin 0) t where A = the amplitude 0) = the frequency Then X = A 0) cos u) t â A CO sin 00 t Instantaneous power is given by P = Fv = mxx .2 3 . = - m A u sm u t cos co t P = a2 3 A CO sin 2 0) t Thttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-thus-it-can-be-seen-that-clay-soils-exhibit-the-worst-case-for-drawbar-pull-requirements-in-order-to-determine-the-power-required-to-vibrate-the-plow-the-feed-shoe-is-isolated-from-the-plowshare-to-prevent-cable-damage-and-reduce-power-requirements-for-vibration-consider-a-vibrating-mass-x-=-a-sin-0-t-where-a-=-the-amplitude-0-=-the-frequency-then-x-=-a-0-cos-u-t-a-co-sin-00-t-instantaneous-power-is-given-by-p-=-fv-=-mxx-2-3-=-m-a-u-sm-u-t-cos-co-t-p-=-a2-3-a-co-sin-2-0-t-t-image216082456.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. requirement of less than 10,000 pounds. There are two major problems identified for this type of propulsion system. While the traction unit is pulling itself along the cable, it is also ''pushing" it astern. Any slack in the cable will be taken up by the traction unit and will result in buckled cable astern, which will tend not to stay in the trench and may damage the cable. The other problem is one of size. In order to avoid overstressing the cable locally, the traction unit must be a - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. requirement of less than 10,000 pounds. There are two major problems identified for this type of propulsion system. While the traction unit is pulling itself along the cable, it is also ''pushing" it astern. Any slack in the cable will be taken up by the traction unit and will result in buckled cable astern, which will tend not to stay in the trench and may damage the cable. The other problem is one of size. In order to avoid overstressing the cable locally, the traction unit must be a
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. requirement of less than 10,000 pounds. There are two major problems identified for this type of propulsion system. While the traction unit is pulling itself along the cable, it is also ''pushing" it astern. Any slack in the cable will be taken up by the traction unit and will result in buckled cable astern, which will tend not to stay in the trench and may damage the cable. The other problem is one of size. In order to avoid overstressing the cable locally, the traction unit must be ahttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-requirement-of-less-than-10000-pounds-there-are-two-major-problems-identified-for-this-type-of-propulsion-system-while-the-traction-unit-is-pulling-itself-along-the-cable-it-is-also-pushingquot-it-astern-any-slack-in-the-cable-will-be-taken-up-by-the-traction-unit-and-will-result-in-buckled-cable-astern-which-will-tend-not-to-stay-in-the-trench-and-may-damage-the-cable-the-other-problem-is-one-of-size-in-order-to-avoid-overstressing-the-cable-locally-the-traction-unit-must-be-a-image231803889.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. X) a (U & 0) (A)H 55. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. X) a (U & 0) (A)H 55. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. X) a (U & 0) (A)H 55. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-x-a-u-amp-0-ah-55-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image216082475.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 29. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 29. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 29. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-29-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image231803866.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. 2,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-3. Umbilical length versus tension. 72. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engine - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. 2,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-3. Umbilical length versus tension. 72. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engine
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. 2,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-3. Umbilical length versus tension. 72. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Enginehttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-6000-6400-6600-cable-length-ft-figure-d-2-umbilical-length-versus-angle-8000-6000-4000-2000-6400-6600-cable-length-ft-figure-d-3-umbilical-length-versus-tension-72-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engine-image216082416.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. To guide the cable to the bottom of the 3-foot ditch without exceeding a minimum bend radius of 5 feet, the feedshoe/plow length must be 10 feet (Figure A-2). Using the design parameters discussed previously, the total force required to pull the plowshare at a speed of 1 knot is F = 44,000 pound. This formulation for predicting drawbar pull compares favorably with results published for Sea Plow III [37]. References 8 through 14 present analytical and experimental results of using plowshare - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. To guide the cable to the bottom of the 3-foot ditch without exceeding a minimum bend radius of 5 feet, the feedshoe/plow length must be 10 feet (Figure A-2). Using the design parameters discussed previously, the total force required to pull the plowshare at a speed of 1 knot is F = 44,000 pound. This formulation for predicting drawbar pull compares favorably with results published for Sea Plow III [37]. References 8 through 14 present analytical and experimental results of using plowshare
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. To guide the cable to the bottom of the 3-foot ditch without exceeding a minimum bend radius of 5 feet, the feedshoe/plow length must be 10 feet (Figure A-2). Using the design parameters discussed previously, the total force required to pull the plowshare at a speed of 1 knot is F = 44,000 pound. This formulation for predicting drawbar pull compares favorably with results published for Sea Plow III [37]. References 8 through 14 present analytical and experimental results of using plowshare https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-to-guide-the-cable-to-the-bottom-of-the-3-foot-ditch-without-exceeding-a-minimum-bend-radius-of-5-feet-the-feedshoeplow-length-must-be-10-feet-figure-a-2-using-the-design-parameters-discussed-previously-the-total-force-required-to-pull-the-plowshare-at-a-speed-of-1-knot-is-f-=-44000-pound-this-formulation-for-predicting-drawbar-pull-compares-favorably-with-results-published-for-sea-plow-iii-37-references-8-through-14-present-analytical-and-experimental-results-of-using-plowshare-image231803915.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. B. Wheel Trencher. Figure 4. Trenching modes. 19. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Cali - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. B. Wheel Trencher. Figure 4. Trenching modes. 19. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Cali
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. B. Wheel Trencher. Figure 4. Trenching modes. 19. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calihttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-3-a-upmilling-b-climbmilling-a-chain-bucket-trencher-a-upmilling-b-climbmilling-b-wheel-trencher-figure-4-trenching-modes-19-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-cali-image216082494.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Input. Table 3. Power Conversion Efficiencies 0.39 Cavitation Cutting and Eigh-Pvessicpe Jetting. Both of these techniques use the principle of focusing moderate amounts of energy to achieve ultra- high energy densities to cut, fracture, or erode materials such as rock and metal. As such, they are not suitable means of excavating a trench in soft materials. High-energy density water jets achieve 100,000 to 5,000,000 psi in a jet 1/16 inch in diameter. The optimal cutting range is 20 nozzle - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Input. Table 3. Power Conversion Efficiencies 0.39 Cavitation Cutting and Eigh-Pvessicpe Jetting. Both of these techniques use the principle of focusing moderate amounts of energy to achieve ultra- high energy densities to cut, fracture, or erode materials such as rock and metal. As such, they are not suitable means of excavating a trench in soft materials. High-energy density water jets achieve 100,000 to 5,000,000 psi in a jet 1/16 inch in diameter. The optimal cutting range is 20 nozzle
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Input. Table 3. Power Conversion Efficiencies 0.39 Cavitation Cutting and Eigh-Pvessicpe Jetting. Both of these techniques use the principle of focusing moderate amounts of energy to achieve ultra- high energy densities to cut, fracture, or erode materials such as rock and metal. As such, they are not suitable means of excavating a trench in soft materials. High-energy density water jets achieve 100,000 to 5,000,000 psi in a jet 1/16 inch in diameter. The optimal cutting range is 20 nozzle https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-input-table-3-power-conversion-efficiencies-039-cavitation-cutting-and-eigh-pvessicpe-jetting-both-of-these-techniques-use-the-principle-of-focusing-moderate-amounts-of-energy-to-achieve-ultra-high-energy-densities-to-cut-fracture-or-erode-materials-such-as-rock-and-metal-as-such-they-are-not-suitable-means-of-excavating-a-trench-in-soft-materials-high-energy-density-water-jets-achieve-100000-to-5000000-psi-in-a-jet-116-inch-in-diameter-the-optimal-cutting-range-is-20-nozzle-image231803920.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-l-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image216082502.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Figure 2. Trencher modified for shallow-water coral trenching. The disadvantages associated with plowing center on the high force required to penetrate the soil, both vertically and horizontally. In order to effect initial plow penetration, and to keep the plow in the soil, ocean plow machinery has been very heavy (19 to 23 tons). To support the plow on the seafloor, large skids are used. The skid drag coupled with the force required to plow can be as high as 100,000 pounds. Since deep-ocea - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Figure 2. Trencher modified for shallow-water coral trenching. The disadvantages associated with plowing center on the high force required to penetrate the soil, both vertically and horizontally. In order to effect initial plow penetration, and to keep the plow in the soil, ocean plow machinery has been very heavy (19 to 23 tons). To support the plow on the seafloor, large skids are used. The skid drag coupled with the force required to plow can be as high as 100,000 pounds. Since deep-ocea
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Figure 2. Trencher modified for shallow-water coral trenching. The disadvantages associated with plowing center on the high force required to penetrate the soil, both vertically and horizontally. In order to effect initial plow penetration, and to keep the plow in the soil, ocean plow machinery has been very heavy (19 to 23 tons). To support the plow on the seafloor, large skids are used. The skid drag coupled with the force required to plow can be as high as 100,000 pounds. Since deep-oceahttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-figure-2-trencher-modified-for-shallow-water-coral-trenching-the-disadvantages-associated-with-plowing-center-on-the-high-force-required-to-penetrate-the-soil-both-vertically-and-horizontally-in-order-to-effect-initial-plow-penetration-and-to-keep-the-plow-in-the-soil-ocean-plow-machinery-has-been-very-heavy-19-to-23-tons-to-support-the-plow-on-the-seafloor-large-skids-are-used-the-skid-drag-coupled-with-the-force-required-to-plow-can-be-as-high-as-100000-pounds-since-deep-ocea-image231803927.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-l-3-a-upmilling-b-climbmilling-a-chain-bucket-trencher-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image216082500.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. •a Q ^ ^ -S ^" 3 -a -C II ^ •J 3 ° S 05 a.. 3 •* * 56. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. •a Q ^ ^ -S ^" 3 -a -C II ^ •J 3 ° S 05 a.. 3 •* * 56. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. •a Q ^ ^ -S ^" 3 -a -C II ^ •J 3 ° S 05 a.. 3 •* * 56. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-a-q-s-quot-3-a-c-ii-j-3-s-05-a-3-56-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image231803846.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image216082487.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. m60 c < " 55. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Bat - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. m60 c < " 55. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Bat
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. m60 c < " 55. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Bathttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-m60-c-lt-quot-55-6000-6400-6600-cable-length-ft-figure-d-2-umbilical-length-versus-angle-8000-6000-4000-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-bat-image231803777.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. To guide the cable to the bottom of the 3-foot ditch without exceeding a minimum bend radius of 5 feet, the feedshoe/plow length must be 10 feet (Figure A-2). Using the design parameters discussed previously, the total force required to pull the plowshare at a speed of 1 knot is F = 44,000 pound. This formulation for predicting drawbar pull compares favorably with results published for Sea Plow III [37]. References 8 through 14 present analytical and experimental results of using plowshare - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. To guide the cable to the bottom of the 3-foot ditch without exceeding a minimum bend radius of 5 feet, the feedshoe/plow length must be 10 feet (Figure A-2). Using the design parameters discussed previously, the total force required to pull the plowshare at a speed of 1 knot is F = 44,000 pound. This formulation for predicting drawbar pull compares favorably with results published for Sea Plow III [37]. References 8 through 14 present analytical and experimental results of using plowshare
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. To guide the cable to the bottom of the 3-foot ditch without exceeding a minimum bend radius of 5 feet, the feedshoe/plow length must be 10 feet (Figure A-2). Using the design parameters discussed previously, the total force required to pull the plowshare at a speed of 1 knot is F = 44,000 pound. This formulation for predicting drawbar pull compares favorably with results published for Sea Plow III [37]. References 8 through 14 present analytical and experimental results of using plowshare https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-to-guide-the-cable-to-the-bottom-of-the-3-foot-ditch-without-exceeding-a-minimum-bend-radius-of-5-feet-the-feedshoeplow-length-must-be-10-feet-figure-a-2-using-the-design-parameters-discussed-previously-the-total-force-required-to-pull-the-plowshare-at-a-speed-of-1-knot-is-f-=-44000-pound-this-formulation-for-predicting-drawbar-pull-compares-favorably-with-results-published-for-sea-plow-iii-37-references-8-through-14-present-analytical-and-experimental-results-of-using-plowshare-image216082516.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix C POWER ANALYSIS OF AUGER TRENCHING To estimate the power required to auger a trench in the seafloor consider a single vertical auger with the following characteristics Outside diameter, D = 4 in. o Inside diameter, D. = 2 in. Length, I = 36 in. Pitch, p = 3.6 in.. hoH Figure C-1. Auger configuration. With a 3 "slug" ,6-inch pitch, 10 revolutions of the auger are required for a of soil cut from the bottom of the trench to reach the top. Assumptions: Half of the auger cuts - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix C POWER ANALYSIS OF AUGER TRENCHING To estimate the power required to auger a trench in the seafloor consider a single vertical auger with the following characteristics Outside diameter, D = 4 in. o Inside diameter, D. = 2 in. Length, I = 36 in. Pitch, p = 3.6 in.. hoH Figure C-1. Auger configuration. With a 3 "slug" ,6-inch pitch, 10 revolutions of the auger are required for a of soil cut from the bottom of the trench to reach the top. Assumptions: Half of the auger cuts
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix C POWER ANALYSIS OF AUGER TRENCHING To estimate the power required to auger a trench in the seafloor consider a single vertical auger with the following characteristics Outside diameter, D = 4 in. o Inside diameter, D. = 2 in. Length, I = 36 in. Pitch, p = 3.6 in.. hoH Figure C-1. Auger configuration. With a 3 "slug" ,6-inch pitch, 10 revolutions of the auger are required for a of soil cut from the bottom of the trench to reach the top. Assumptions: Half of the auger cutshttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-appendix-c-power-analysis-of-auger-trenching-to-estimate-the-power-required-to-auger-a-trench-in-the-seafloor-consider-a-single-vertical-auger-with-the-following-characteristics-outside-diameter-d-=-4-in-o-inside-diameter-d-=-2-in-length-i-=-36-in-pitch-p-=-36-in-hoh-figure-c-1-auger-configuration-with-a-3-quotslugquot-6-inch-pitch-10-revolutions-of-the-auger-are-required-for-a-of-soil-cut-from-the-bottom-of-the-trench-to-reach-the-top-assumptions-half-of-the-auger-cuts-image231803805.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Figure 2. Trencher modified for shallow-water coral trenching. The disadvantages associated with plowing center on the high force required to penetrate the soil, both vertically and horizontally. In order to effect initial plow penetration, and to keep the plow in the soil, ocean plow machinery has been very heavy (19 to 23 tons). To support the plow on the seafloor, large skids are used. The skid drag coupled with the force required to plow can be as high as 100,000 pounds. Since deep-ocea - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Figure 2. Trencher modified for shallow-water coral trenching. The disadvantages associated with plowing center on the high force required to penetrate the soil, both vertically and horizontally. In order to effect initial plow penetration, and to keep the plow in the soil, ocean plow machinery has been very heavy (19 to 23 tons). To support the plow on the seafloor, large skids are used. The skid drag coupled with the force required to plow can be as high as 100,000 pounds. Since deep-ocea
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Figure 2. Trencher modified for shallow-water coral trenching. The disadvantages associated with plowing center on the high force required to penetrate the soil, both vertically and horizontally. In order to effect initial plow penetration, and to keep the plow in the soil, ocean plow machinery has been very heavy (19 to 23 tons). To support the plow on the seafloor, large skids are used. The skid drag coupled with the force required to plow can be as high as 100,000 pounds. Since deep-oceahttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-figure-2-trencher-modified-for-shallow-water-coral-trenching-the-disadvantages-associated-with-plowing-center-on-the-high-force-required-to-penetrate-the-soil-both-vertically-and-horizontally-in-order-to-effect-initial-plow-penetration-and-to-keep-the-plow-in-the-soil-ocean-plow-machinery-has-been-very-heavy-19-to-23-tons-to-support-the-plow-on-the-seafloor-large-skids-are-used-the-skid-drag-coupled-with-the-force-required-to-plow-can-be-as-high-as-100000-pounds-since-deep-ocea-image216082530.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image231803876.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image216082555.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. 2,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-3. Umbilical length versus tension. 72. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engine - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. 2,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-3. Umbilical length versus tension. 72. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engine
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. 2,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-3. Umbilical length versus tension. 72. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Enginehttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-6000-6400-6600-cable-length-ft-figure-d-2-umbilical-length-versus-angle-8000-6000-4000-2000-6400-6600-cable-length-ft-figure-d-3-umbilical-length-versus-tension-72-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engine-image231803773.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix D CABLE AND MACHINE DRAG CABLE DRAG The drag on the umbilical cable was determined using the following assumptions. Cable diameter = 3 in. Cable weight = 0.64 lb/ft Water depth = 6,000 ft System velocity = 1.69 ft/sec Current velocity = 3.38 ft/sec at surface = 0 at 300 ft Vehicle weight = 20,000 lb It was also assumed that the support ship is located directly above the cable burial machine. The configuration and current profile are shown in Figure D-1.. Figure D-1. Current profile - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix D CABLE AND MACHINE DRAG CABLE DRAG The drag on the umbilical cable was determined using the following assumptions. Cable diameter = 3 in. Cable weight = 0.64 lb/ft Water depth = 6,000 ft System velocity = 1.69 ft/sec Current velocity = 3.38 ft/sec at surface = 0 at 300 ft Vehicle weight = 20,000 lb It was also assumed that the support ship is located directly above the cable burial machine. The configuration and current profile are shown in Figure D-1.. Figure D-1. Current profile
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix D CABLE AND MACHINE DRAG CABLE DRAG The drag on the umbilical cable was determined using the following assumptions. Cable diameter = 3 in. Cable weight = 0.64 lb/ft Water depth = 6,000 ft System velocity = 1.69 ft/sec Current velocity = 3.38 ft/sec at surface = 0 at 300 ft Vehicle weight = 20,000 lb It was also assumed that the support ship is located directly above the cable burial machine. The configuration and current profile are shown in Figure D-1.. Figure D-1. Current profilehttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-appendix-d-cable-and-machine-drag-cable-drag-the-drag-on-the-umbilical-cable-was-determined-using-the-following-assumptions-cable-diameter-=-3-in-cable-weight-=-064-lbft-water-depth-=-6000-ft-system-velocity-=-169-ftsec-current-velocity-=-338-ftsec-at-surface-=-0-at-300-ft-vehicle-weight-=-20000-lb-it-was-also-assumed-that-the-support-ship-is-located-directly-above-the-cable-burial-machine-the-configuration-and-current-profile-are-shown-in-figure-d-1-figure-d-1-current-profile-image216082427.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Case 1: Trencher rotating in conventional (upmilling) direction UP â ^TOT ^b "^" F, .^ N^ lift b = (-864 lb)(3.5) sin 60' (16 lb)(3.5) UP -2,675 lb FWD -F N cos TOT b (864 lb)(3.5)(cos 60 ) FWD â 2,620 lb Case 2: Trencher rotating in forward direction (climbmilling) F = F N sin UP TOT b lift b = (864 lb) (3.5) sin 60 - (16 lb)(3.5) F = 2,560 lb UP Fâ^_ = Fâ^â N, cos FWD TOT b ^FWD = 2,620 1b EXCAVATING WHEEL The same parameters and assumptions apply as in the chain-driven bucket t - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Case 1: Trencher rotating in conventional (upmilling) direction UP â ^TOT ^b "^" F, .^ N^ lift b = (-864 lb)(3.5) sin 60' (16 lb)(3.5) UP -2,675 lb FWD -F N cos TOT b (864 lb)(3.5)(cos 60 ) FWD â 2,620 lb Case 2: Trencher rotating in forward direction (climbmilling) F = F N sin UP TOT b lift b = (864 lb) (3.5) sin 60 - (16 lb)(3.5) F = 2,560 lb UP Fâ^_ = Fâ^â N, cos FWD TOT b ^FWD = 2,620 1b EXCAVATING WHEEL The same parameters and assumptions apply as in the chain-driven bucket t
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Case 1: Trencher rotating in conventional (upmilling) direction UP â ^TOT ^b "^" F, .^ N^ lift b = (-864 lb)(3.5) sin 60' (16 lb)(3.5) UP -2,675 lb FWD -F N cos TOT b (864 lb)(3.5)(cos 60 ) FWD â 2,620 lb Case 2: Trencher rotating in forward direction (climbmilling) F = F N sin UP TOT b lift b = (864 lb) (3.5) sin 60 - (16 lb)(3.5) F = 2,560 lb UP Fâ^_ = Fâ^â N, cos FWD TOT b ^FWD = 2,620 1b EXCAVATING WHEEL The same parameters and assumptions apply as in the chain-driven bucket thttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-case-1-trencher-rotating-in-conventional-upmilling-direction-up-tot-b-quotquot-f-n-lift-b-=-864-lb35-sin-60-16-lb35-up-2675-lb-fwd-f-n-cos-tot-b-864-lb35cos-60-fwd-2620-lb-case-2-trencher-rotating-in-forward-direction-climbmilling-f-=-f-n-sin-up-tot-b-lift-b-=-864-lb-35-sin-60-16-lb35-f-=-2560-lb-up-f-=-f-n-cos-fwd-tot-b-fwd-=-2620-1b-excavating-wheel-the-same-parameters-and-assumptions-apply-as-in-the-chain-driven-bucket-t-image231803813.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix C POWER ANALYSIS OF AUGER TRENCHING To estimate the power required to auger a trench in the seafloor consider a single vertical auger with the following characteristics Outside diameter, D = 4 in. o Inside diameter, D. = 2 in. Length, I = 36 in. Pitch, p = 3.6 in.. hoH Figure C-1. Auger configuration. With a 3 "slug" ,6-inch pitch, 10 revolutions of the auger are required for a of soil cut from the bottom of the trench to reach the top. Assumptions: Half of the auger cuts - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix C POWER ANALYSIS OF AUGER TRENCHING To estimate the power required to auger a trench in the seafloor consider a single vertical auger with the following characteristics Outside diameter, D = 4 in. o Inside diameter, D. = 2 in. Length, I = 36 in. Pitch, p = 3.6 in.. hoH Figure C-1. Auger configuration. With a 3 "slug" ,6-inch pitch, 10 revolutions of the auger are required for a of soil cut from the bottom of the trench to reach the top. Assumptions: Half of the auger cuts
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix C POWER ANALYSIS OF AUGER TRENCHING To estimate the power required to auger a trench in the seafloor consider a single vertical auger with the following characteristics Outside diameter, D = 4 in. o Inside diameter, D. = 2 in. Length, I = 36 in. Pitch, p = 3.6 in.. hoH Figure C-1. Auger configuration. With a 3 "slug" ,6-inch pitch, 10 revolutions of the auger are required for a of soil cut from the bottom of the trench to reach the top. Assumptions: Half of the auger cutshttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-appendix-c-power-analysis-of-auger-trenching-to-estimate-the-power-required-to-auger-a-trench-in-the-seafloor-consider-a-single-vertical-auger-with-the-following-characteristics-outside-diameter-d-=-4-in-o-inside-diameter-d-=-2-in-length-i-=-36-in-pitch-p-=-36-in-hoh-figure-c-1-auger-configuration-with-a-3-quotslugquot-6-inch-pitch-10-revolutions-of-the-auger-are-required-for-a-of-soil-cut-from-the-bottom-of-the-trench-to-reach-the-top-assumptions-half-of-the-auger-cuts-image216082437.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-l-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image231803910.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Case 1: Trencher rotating in conventional (upmilling) direction UP â ^TOT ^b "^" F, .^ N^ lift b = (-864 lb)(3.5) sin 60' (16 lb)(3.5) UP -2,675 lb FWD -F N cos TOT b (864 lb)(3.5)(cos 60 ) FWD â 2,620 lb Case 2: Trencher rotating in forward direction (climbmilling) F = F N sin UP TOT b lift b = (864 lb) (3.5) sin 60 - (16 lb)(3.5) F = 2,560 lb UP Fâ^_ = Fâ^â N, cos FWD TOT b ^FWD = 2,620 1b EXCAVATING WHEEL The same parameters and assumptions apply as in the chain-driven bucket t - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Case 1: Trencher rotating in conventional (upmilling) direction UP â ^TOT ^b "^" F, .^ N^ lift b = (-864 lb)(3.5) sin 60' (16 lb)(3.5) UP -2,675 lb FWD -F N cos TOT b (864 lb)(3.5)(cos 60 ) FWD â 2,620 lb Case 2: Trencher rotating in forward direction (climbmilling) F = F N sin UP TOT b lift b = (864 lb) (3.5) sin 60 - (16 lb)(3.5) F = 2,560 lb UP Fâ^_ = Fâ^â N, cos FWD TOT b ^FWD = 2,620 1b EXCAVATING WHEEL The same parameters and assumptions apply as in the chain-driven bucket t
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Case 1: Trencher rotating in conventional (upmilling) direction UP â ^TOT ^b "^" F, .^ N^ lift b = (-864 lb)(3.5) sin 60' (16 lb)(3.5) UP -2,675 lb FWD -F N cos TOT b (864 lb)(3.5)(cos 60 ) FWD â 2,620 lb Case 2: Trencher rotating in forward direction (climbmilling) F = F N sin UP TOT b lift b = (864 lb) (3.5) sin 60 - (16 lb)(3.5) F = 2,560 lb UP Fâ^_ = Fâ^â N, cos FWD TOT b ^FWD = 2,620 1b EXCAVATING WHEEL The same parameters and assumptions apply as in the chain-driven bucket thttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-case-1-trencher-rotating-in-conventional-upmilling-direction-up-tot-b-quotquot-f-n-lift-b-=-864-lb35-sin-60-16-lb35-up-2675-lb-fwd-f-n-cos-tot-b-864-lb35cos-60-fwd-2620-lb-case-2-trencher-rotating-in-forward-direction-climbmilling-f-=-f-n-sin-up-tot-b-lift-b-=-864-lb-35-sin-60-16-lb35-f-=-2560-lb-up-f-=-f-n-cos-fwd-tot-b-fwd-=-2620-1b-excavating-wheel-the-same-parameters-and-assumptions-apply-as-in-the-chain-driven-bucket-t-image216082439.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. X) a (U & 0) (A)H 55. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. X) a (U & 0) (A)H 55. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. X) a (U & 0) (A)H 55. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-x-a-u-amp-0-ah-55-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image231803861.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. In addition to the mass of the plow, a mass of water, the added mass, will also be accelerated and will add to the power requirement. Approximating the triangular plowshare cross section with a rectangular cross section, the added mass is given by (Reference 46): P = m X X. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the per - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. In addition to the mass of the plow, a mass of water, the added mass, will also be accelerated and will add to the power requirement. Approximating the triangular plowshare cross section with a rectangular cross section, the added mass is given by (Reference 46): P = m X X. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the per
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. In addition to the mass of the plow, a mass of water, the added mass, will also be accelerated and will add to the power requirement. Approximating the triangular plowshare cross section with a rectangular cross section, the added mass is given by (Reference 46): P = m X X. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the perhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-in-addition-to-the-mass-of-the-plow-a-mass-of-water-the-added-mass-will-also-be-accelerated-and-will-add-to-the-power-requirement-approximating-the-triangular-plowshare-cross-section-with-a-rectangular-cross-section-the-added-mass-is-given-by-reference-46-p-=-m-x-x-2-2-3-k-p-it-a-a-jo-sin-to-t-cos-u-t-1-w-2-2-3-k-p-tt-a-i-a-0-sin-2-03-t-1-w-where-x-=-a-sin-o-t-x-=-a-oj-cos-co-t-2-x-=-a-0-sm-to-t-the-power-which-must-be-supplied-is-the-rms-power-12-where-the-per-image216082450.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. A computer analysis* was performed to determine tension T and angle <p as a function of cable length. The results, which are accurate to ±20% due to problem simplifications made to accommodate the computer, are plotted in Figures D-2 and D-3. Of particular interest is the horizontal component of tension T, since the burier propulsion system must provide this force in addition to the other forces acting on the burier. Table D-1 shows the vertical and horizontal components of T as a functi - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. A computer analysis* was performed to determine tension T and angle <p as a function of cable length. The results, which are accurate to ±20% due to problem simplifications made to accommodate the computer, are plotted in Figures D-2 and D-3. Of particular interest is the horizontal component of tension T, since the burier propulsion system must provide this force in addition to the other forces acting on the burier. Table D-1 shows the vertical and horizontal components of T as a functi
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. A computer analysis* was performed to determine tension T and angle <p as a function of cable length. The results, which are accurate to ±20% due to problem simplifications made to accommodate the computer, are plotted in Figures D-2 and D-3. Of particular interest is the horizontal component of tension T, since the burier propulsion system must provide this force in addition to the other forces acting on the burier. Table D-1 shows the vertical and horizontal components of T as a functihttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-a-computer-analysis-was-performed-to-determine-tension-t-and-angle-ltp-as-a-function-of-cable-length-the-results-which-are-accurate-to-20-due-to-problem-simplifications-made-to-accommodate-the-computer-are-plotted-in-figures-d-2-and-d-3-of-particular-interest-is-the-horizontal-component-of-tension-t-since-the-burier-propulsion-system-must-provide-this-force-in-addition-to-the-other-forces-acting-on-the-burier-table-d-1-shows-the-vertical-and-horizontal-components-of-t-as-a-functi-image231803782.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the period T = 1/f = 2 ir/o 2-n/ui /„ 2 „ .2 3 /.' /Kp TTa £Aa) „ 1 sm 2 03 t dt ,/ P / 2 2 3 'K. p ir a Jl A 03 1 w K^ p IT a I A 03 1 w Zy/Y 1/2. 2tt/o3 1/2 60. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readab - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the period T = 1/f = 2 ir/o 2-n/ui /„ 2 „ .2 3 /.' /Kp TTa £Aa) „ 1 sm 2 03 t dt ,/ P / 2 2 3 'K. p ir a Jl A 03 1 w K^ p IT a I A 03 1 w Zy/Y 1/2. 2tt/o3 1/2 60. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readab
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the period T = 1/f = 2 ir/o 2-n/ui /„ 2 „ .2 3 /.' /Kp TTa £Aa) „ 1 sm 2 03 t dt ,/ P / 2 2 3 'K. p ir a Jl A 03 1 w K^ p IT a I A 03 1 w Zy/Y 1/2. 2tt/o3 1/2 60. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readabhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-2-2-3-k-p-it-a-a-jo-sin-to-t-cos-u-t-1-w-2-2-3-k-p-tt-a-i-a-0-sin-2-03-t-1-w-where-x-=-a-sin-o-t-x-=-a-oj-cos-co-t-2-x-=-a-0-sm-to-t-the-power-which-must-be-supplied-is-the-rms-power-12-where-the-period-t-=-1f-=-2-iro-2-nui-2-2-3-kp-tta-aa-1-sm-2-03-t-dt-p-2-2-3-k-p-ir-a-jl-a-03-1-w-k-p-it-a-i-a-03-1-w-zyy-12-2tto3-12-60-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readab-image216082446.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. B. Wheel Trencher. Figure 4. Trenching modes. 19. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Cali - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. B. Wheel Trencher. Figure 4. Trenching modes. 19. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Cali
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. B. Wheel Trencher. Figure 4. Trenching modes. 19. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calihttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-3-a-upmilling-b-climbmilling-a-chain-bucket-trencher-a-upmilling-b-climbmilling-b-wheel-trencher-figure-4-trenching-modes-19-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-cali-image231803894.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. requirement of less than 10,000 pounds. There are two major problems identified for this type of propulsion system. While the traction unit is pulling itself along the cable, it is also ''pushing" it astern. Any slack in the cable will be taken up by the traction unit and will result in buckled cable astern, which will tend not to stay in the trench and may damage the cable. The other problem is one of size. In order to avoid overstressing the cable locally, the traction unit must be a - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. requirement of less than 10,000 pounds. There are two major problems identified for this type of propulsion system. While the traction unit is pulling itself along the cable, it is also ''pushing" it astern. Any slack in the cable will be taken up by the traction unit and will result in buckled cable astern, which will tend not to stay in the trench and may damage the cable. The other problem is one of size. In order to avoid overstressing the cable locally, the traction unit must be a
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. requirement of less than 10,000 pounds. There are two major problems identified for this type of propulsion system. While the traction unit is pulling itself along the cable, it is also ''pushing" it astern. Any slack in the cable will be taken up by the traction unit and will result in buckled cable astern, which will tend not to stay in the trench and may damage the cable. The other problem is one of size. In order to avoid overstressing the cable locally, the traction unit must be ahttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-requirement-of-less-than-10000-pounds-there-are-two-major-problems-identified-for-this-type-of-propulsion-system-while-the-traction-unit-is-pulling-itself-along-the-cable-it-is-also-pushingquot-it-astern-any-slack-in-the-cable-will-be-taken-up-by-the-traction-unit-and-will-result-in-buckled-cable-astern-which-will-tend-not-to-stay-in-the-trench-and-may-damage-the-cable-the-other-problem-is-one-of-size-in-order-to-avoid-overstressing-the-cable-locally-the-traction-unit-must-be-a-image216082490.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Thus, it can be seen that clay soils exhibit the worst case for drawbar pull requirements. In order to determine the power required to vibrate the plow (the feed shoe is isolated from the plowshare to prevent cable damage and reduce power requirements for vibration), consider a vibrating mass X = A sin 0) t where A = the amplitude 0) = the frequency Then X = A 0) cos u) t â A CO sin 00 t Instantaneous power is given by P = Fv = mxx .2 3 . = - m A u sm u t cos co t P = a2 3 A CO sin 2 0) t T - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Thus, it can be seen that clay soils exhibit the worst case for drawbar pull requirements. In order to determine the power required to vibrate the plow (the feed shoe is isolated from the plowshare to prevent cable damage and reduce power requirements for vibration), consider a vibrating mass X = A sin 0) t where A = the amplitude 0) = the frequency Then X = A 0) cos u) t â A CO sin 00 t Instantaneous power is given by P = Fv = mxx .2 3 . = - m A u sm u t cos co t P = a2 3 A CO sin 2 0) t T
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Thus, it can be seen that clay soils exhibit the worst case for drawbar pull requirements. In order to determine the power required to vibrate the plow (the feed shoe is isolated from the plowshare to prevent cable damage and reduce power requirements for vibration), consider a vibrating mass X = A sin 0) t where A = the amplitude 0) = the frequency Then X = A 0) cos u) t â A CO sin 00 t Instantaneous power is given by P = Fv = mxx .2 3 . = - m A u sm u t cos co t P = a2 3 A CO sin 2 0) t Thttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-thus-it-can-be-seen-that-clay-soils-exhibit-the-worst-case-for-drawbar-pull-requirements-in-order-to-determine-the-power-required-to-vibrate-the-plow-the-feed-shoe-is-isolated-from-the-plowshare-to-prevent-cable-damage-and-reduce-power-requirements-for-vibration-consider-a-vibrating-mass-x-=-a-sin-0-t-where-a-=-the-amplitude-0-=-the-frequency-then-x-=-a-0-cos-u-t-a-co-sin-00-t-instantaneous-power-is-given-by-p-=-fv-=-mxx-2-3-=-m-a-u-sm-u-t-cos-co-t-p-=-a2-3-a-co-sin-2-0-t-t-image231803838.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 29. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 29. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. 29. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-29-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image216082478.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix D CABLE AND MACHINE DRAG CABLE DRAG The drag on the umbilical cable was determined using the following assumptions. Cable diameter = 3 in. Cable weight = 0.64 lb/ft Water depth = 6,000 ft System velocity = 1.69 ft/sec Current velocity = 3.38 ft/sec at surface = 0 at 300 ft Vehicle weight = 20,000 lb It was also assumed that the support ship is located directly above the cable burial machine. The configuration and current profile are shown in Figure D-1.. Figure D-1. Current profile - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix D CABLE AND MACHINE DRAG CABLE DRAG The drag on the umbilical cable was determined using the following assumptions. Cable diameter = 3 in. Cable weight = 0.64 lb/ft Water depth = 6,000 ft System velocity = 1.69 ft/sec Current velocity = 3.38 ft/sec at surface = 0 at 300 ft Vehicle weight = 20,000 lb It was also assumed that the support ship is located directly above the cable burial machine. The configuration and current profile are shown in Figure D-1.. Figure D-1. Current profile
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Appendix D CABLE AND MACHINE DRAG CABLE DRAG The drag on the umbilical cable was determined using the following assumptions. Cable diameter = 3 in. Cable weight = 0.64 lb/ft Water depth = 6,000 ft System velocity = 1.69 ft/sec Current velocity = 3.38 ft/sec at surface = 0 at 300 ft Vehicle weight = 20,000 lb It was also assumed that the support ship is located directly above the cable burial machine. The configuration and current profile are shown in Figure D-1.. Figure D-1. Current profilehttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-appendix-d-cable-and-machine-drag-cable-drag-the-drag-on-the-umbilical-cable-was-determined-using-the-following-assumptions-cable-diameter-=-3-in-cable-weight-=-064-lbft-water-depth-=-6000-ft-system-velocity-=-169-ftsec-current-velocity-=-338-ftsec-at-surface-=-0-at-300-ft-vehicle-weight-=-20000-lb-it-was-also-assumed-that-the-support-ship-is-located-directly-above-the-cable-burial-machine-the-configuration-and-current-profile-are-shown-in-figure-d-1-figure-d-1-current-profile-image231803791.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Input. Table 3. Power Conversion Efficiencies 0.39 Cavitation Cutting and Eigh-Pvessicpe Jetting. Both of these techniques use the principle of focusing moderate amounts of energy to achieve ultra- high energy densities to cut, fracture, or erode materials such as rock and metal. As such, they are not suitable means of excavating a trench in soft materials. High-energy density water jets achieve 100,000 to 5,000,000 psi in a jet 1/16 inch in diameter. The optimal cutting range is 20 nozzle - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Input. Table 3. Power Conversion Efficiencies 0.39 Cavitation Cutting and Eigh-Pvessicpe Jetting. Both of these techniques use the principle of focusing moderate amounts of energy to achieve ultra- high energy densities to cut, fracture, or erode materials such as rock and metal. As such, they are not suitable means of excavating a trench in soft materials. High-energy density water jets achieve 100,000 to 5,000,000 psi in a jet 1/16 inch in diameter. The optimal cutting range is 20 nozzle
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. Input. Table 3. Power Conversion Efficiencies 0.39 Cavitation Cutting and Eigh-Pvessicpe Jetting. Both of these techniques use the principle of focusing moderate amounts of energy to achieve ultra- high energy densities to cut, fracture, or erode materials such as rock and metal. As such, they are not suitable means of excavating a trench in soft materials. High-energy density water jets achieve 100,000 to 5,000,000 psi in a jet 1/16 inch in diameter. The optimal cutting range is 20 nozzle https://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-input-table-3-power-conversion-efficiencies-039-cavitation-cutting-and-eigh-pvessicpe-jetting-both-of-these-techniques-use-the-principle-of-focusing-moderate-amounts-of-energy-to-achieve-ultra-high-energy-densities-to-cut-fracture-or-erode-materials-such-as-rock-and-metal-as-such-they-are-not-suitable-means-of-excavating-a-trench-in-soft-materials-high-energy-density-water-jets-achieve-100000-to-5000000-psi-in-a-jet-116-inch-in-diameter-the-optimal-cutting-range-is-20-nozzle-image216082523.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. In addition to the mass of the plow, a mass of water, the added mass, will also be accelerated and will add to the power requirement. Approximating the triangular plowshare cross section with a rectangular cross section, the added mass is given by (Reference 46): P = m X X. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the per - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. In addition to the mass of the plow, a mass of water, the added mass, will also be accelerated and will add to the power requirement. Approximating the triangular plowshare cross section with a rectangular cross section, the added mass is given by (Reference 46): P = m X X. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the per
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. In addition to the mass of the plow, a mass of water, the added mass, will also be accelerated and will add to the power requirement. Approximating the triangular plowshare cross section with a rectangular cross section, the added mass is given by (Reference 46): P = m X X. 2 2 3 K p IT a £ A (jo sin to t cos u t 1 w 2 2 3 K. p TT a I A 0) sin 2 03 t 1 w where x = A sin o) t X = A oj cos CO t 2 X = - A 0) sm to t The power which must be supplied is the rms power 1/2 , (^ // -) where the perhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-in-addition-to-the-mass-of-the-plow-a-mass-of-water-the-added-mass-will-also-be-accelerated-and-will-add-to-the-power-requirement-approximating-the-triangular-plowshare-cross-section-with-a-rectangular-cross-section-the-added-mass-is-given-by-reference-46-p-=-m-x-x-2-2-3-k-p-it-a-a-jo-sin-to-t-cos-u-t-1-w-2-2-3-k-p-tt-a-i-a-0-sin-2-03-t-1-w-where-x-=-a-sin-o-t-x-=-a-oj-cos-co-t-2-x-=-a-0-sm-to-t-the-power-which-must-be-supplied-is-the-rms-power-12-where-the-per-image231803829.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. A computer analysis* was performed to determine tension T and angle <p as a function of cable length. The results, which are accurate to ±20% due to problem simplifications made to accommodate the computer, are plotted in Figures D-2 and D-3. Of particular interest is the horizontal component of tension T, since the burier propulsion system must provide this force in addition to the other forces acting on the burier. Table D-1 shows the vertical and horizontal components of T as a functi - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. A computer analysis* was performed to determine tension T and angle <p as a function of cable length. The results, which are accurate to ±20% due to problem simplifications made to accommodate the computer, are plotted in Figures D-2 and D-3. Of particular interest is the horizontal component of tension T, since the burier propulsion system must provide this force in addition to the other forces acting on the burier. Table D-1 shows the vertical and horizontal components of T as a functi
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. A computer analysis* was performed to determine tension T and angle <p as a function of cable length. The results, which are accurate to ±20% due to problem simplifications made to accommodate the computer, are plotted in Figures D-2 and D-3. Of particular interest is the horizontal component of tension T, since the burier propulsion system must provide this force in addition to the other forces acting on the burier. Table D-1 shows the vertical and horizontal components of T as a functihttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-a-computer-analysis-was-performed-to-determine-tension-t-and-angle-ltp-as-a-function-of-cable-length-the-results-which-are-accurate-to-20-due-to-problem-simplifications-made-to-accommodate-the-computer-are-plotted-in-figures-d-2-and-d-3-of-particular-interest-is-the-horizontal-component-of-tension-t-since-the-burier-propulsion-system-must-provide-this-force-in-addition-to-the-other-forces-acting-on-the-burier-table-d-1-shows-the-vertical-and-horizontal-components-of-t-as-a-functi-image216082423.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Center
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. L^^. /?^3^ (a) Upmilling. (b) Climbmilling. A. Chain Bucket Trencher.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Batallion Centerhttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-l-3-a-upmilling-b-climbmilling-a-chain-bucket-trencher-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-batallion-center-image231803906.html
![. Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. m60 c < " 55. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Bat - Stock Image]() . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. m60 c < " 55. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Bat
 . Deep ocean cable burial concept development. Cables, Submarine; Marine engineering; Civil engineering. m60 c < " 55. 6,000 6,400 6,600 Cable Length (ft) Figure D-2. Umbilical length versus angle. 8,000 6,000 ^ 4,000. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Rockwell, P. K; Naval Construction Battalion Center (Port Hueneme, Calif. ). Civil Engineering Laboratory. Port Hueneme, Calif. : Naval Construction Bathttps://www.alamy.com/licenses-and-pricing/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/deep-ocean-cable-burial-concept-development-cables-submarine-marine-engineering-civil-engineering-m60-c-lt-quot-55-6000-6400-6600-cable-length-ft-figure-d-2-umbilical-length-versus-angle-8000-6000-4000-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-rockwell-p-k-naval-construction-battalion-center-port-hueneme-calif-civil-engineering-laboratory-port-hueneme-calif-naval-construction-bat-image216082419.html
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