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Search filters ‹ Back to results | Central Historic Books (233,124) Page 1 of 2332 . Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. CAMPANULA CEAE 19 Conspicuousness is greatly enhanced by aggregation of the usually blue or violet flowers into rounded, ovoid, or elongated heads, and the frequency of insect-visits is generally proportional to the size of the heads. Kirchner (Jahreshefte Ver. Natk., Stuttgart, liii, 1897, pp. 219-20) has empha- sized the fact that the above description, abstracted from Hermann Miiller, only appUes to species belonging to the section Hedranthum G. Don, in w . Ornamental shrubs of the United States (hardy, cultivated). Shrubs. FiQ. 379. —Early Sweet Honey- suckle. Fig. 380. — Alpine Honeysuckle.. Fig, 381. — Swamp Fly Honeysuckle. Fig. 382. — European Fly Honey- suckle.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Apgar, A. C. (Austin Craig), 1838-1908; Draycott, Ada (Apgar). New York, Cincinnati [etc] American Book Company . Fungoid and insect pests of the farm. Agricultural pests. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Petherbridge, Frederick Robert. Cambridge : University Press . Manual of gardening; a practical guide to the making of home grounds and the growing of flowers, fruits, and vegetables for home use. Gardening. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Bailey, L. H. (Liberty Hyde), 1858-1954. New York, The Macmillan Company . Our native trees and how to identify them; a popular study of their habits and their peculiarities. Trees. The Variant Leaves of Spanish 0a]<. Qm^rciis dll(i/ala.. Spanisli Oak, Quer.'us digitata. Acorns J4' long. 364. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Keeler, Harriet L. (Harriet Louise), 1846-1921. New York, C. Scribner's Sons . The dog book : a popular history of the dog, with practical information as to care and management of house, kennel, and exhibition dogs, and descriptions of all the important breeds . Dogs. CHAPTER LXVII The Japanese Spaniel. NE of the few foreign breeds that seem to have been taken up here before becoming an English show dog is the Japanese spaniel. We seem also to be in possession of information regarding these spaniels at as early a period as anything was published in England, and both date back to official docu- ments. The first English record is that of Robert Fortune, who was com- miss . The elements of botany embracing organography, histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and economic botany ... together with a complete glossary of botanical terms. Botany. 144 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. Pig. 260), or many-celled (as in Phragmidium). They rupture the epidermis and become exposed, but generally remain attached to their host-plant during the winter. In the spring, they germinate by sending out from each cell a jointed filament, called the promycelium. In small branches of the promycelium, small terminal cells, or sporidia, are formed. These are carried about by the wind, an . Our native trees and how to identify them; a popular study of their habits and their peculiarities. Trees. MAPLE FAMILY Stii//it-;is.—Seven or eight in the staminate flowers, rudimentary in the pistillate. Hypogynous; filaments short; anthers introrse, two-celled ; cells opening longitudinally. Pislil.—Rudimentary in staminate flowers. In pistillate flowers, ovarv superior, purplish broun, downy, two-celled, compressed con- trary to the dissepiment, wing-margined ; style short ; stigmas two, recur ed and spreading ; ovules two m each cell, one ot which aborts. F>-uit.—T«o samaras united . Popular official guide to the New York Zoological Park. New York Zoological Park. AMERICAN ELK.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. New York Zoological Park; Hornaday, William Temple, 1854-1937; New York Zoological Society. New York, New York Zoological Society . Dry-farming; a system of agriculture for countries under a low rainfall. Dry farming. RELATION OP WATER TO DRY MATTER 15 the results of these extensive and carefully conducted experiments is as follows: — Oats Barley Com Peas Clover 385 464 271 477 576 Potatoes 385 The figures in the above table, averaging about 446 pounds, indicate that very nearly the same. Fig. 6. Plant house at Wisconsin in which F. H. King did miich of his famous work on the water requirements of plants. quantity of water is required for the production of crops in Wisconsin as in Germany. The Wisconsin. Please note that . The natural history of the farm; a guide to the practical study of the sources of our living in wild nature. Natural history. THE EDIBLE WILD ROOTS OF THE FARM 6i would have received more attention among us had it been adapted by nature to ordinary field conditions. But it grows in moist or even wet grounds and in partial shade. The Indian cucumber-root (Fig. 34) bears another sort of tuber that might well qualify it for a place among otu: salad plants, were the plant adapted to fields: but it grows in leaf mould in the shade of dense thickets. The wUd bulbs of the scaly sort that are edible . Injurious insects : how to recognize and control them . Insect pests; Insect pests. Fi^. l.>. â The Clover Leaf-weevil, Work on clover [eaves. Adult enlarged to twice natural size. Original. of hay. so as to knock oS and kill the grubs : breakina: up old aUalfa fields, not allowing a field to remain more than sis years : and scrupulous cleaning up of all rubbish or other hiding places in the fall. The Clover Leaf-weevil tonomui punctata^ Fab Ph'j- ) In early spring the leai clover and alfalfa show â es of the &^ ^m. Fig. 179. â Cocoons ol the Clover Fig. ISO. â Clover head delonued b_ . Pictures by Sir Edwin Landseer, Royal Academician, with descriptions and a biographical sketch of the painter . Landseer, Edwin Henry, Sir, 1802-1873; Dogs in art; Dogs. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Dafforne, James, d. 1880. London : Virtue, Spalding, and Daldy . Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. B. Natives of Europe and Britain. a 35. if. viLLO^SA Lin. The villous-/ea»ed Rose. Identification. Lin. Sp., 704.; Don's Mill., 2. p. 676. Synonymes. R. m611is Smith in Eng. Bat. t. 2459.; R. tomentbsa j3 Lindt. Ros. p. 77. ; R. heteroph^lla Woods in Lin. Trans. 12. p. 195.; R. pulch§l[a . The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 563 nected but confirmation of such conclusion has not been ad- duced. Connection with Coccomyces has also been reported.^^^ C. tubeufiana All., also on Prunus is closely like C. padi. C. pomi Brooks.211-212 Acervuli pallid, subeffuse, at first subepidermal, then erumpent; conidia granular, filiform, straight or flexuose, 15-80 x 2-2.5 m- It is reported as common from New Hampshire to Virginia and Michi- gan on apples of almost all varieties, causing small, dry, sunken, brown fruit spots; a disea . Manual of gardening : a practical guide to the making of home grounds and the growing of flowers, fruits, and vegetables for home use . Gardening. THE HANDLING OF THE PLANTS 137. soil. In the spring, the coarser parts of the mulch may be removed, and the finer parts spaded or hoed into the ground. Tender bushes and small trees may be wrapped with straw, hay, burlaps, or pieces of matting or carpet. Even rather large trees, as bear- ing peach trees, are often baled up in this l^^- Covering plants in a box. way, or sometimes with corn fodder, although the results in the protection of fruit-bud . Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. 214 PLAXT rR(Jl'AGAT10N I)e cjoiic. One man who ihorouglily umlcrstands all details can iiversee several unskilled Avorkmen, niakinp; it pussible to employ cheap labor for much of the work. (, ultura! conditions are more easily controlled. There is less dan;j;er of inferior results due to excessively wet or dry weather duriny; the growing season. In the nursery the vines can be cultivated, irrigated and generally attended to much more perfectly than in the field. Rigid selection of vines for planting can be made, render . Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18. Scientific expeditions. :S3»<te. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Canadian Arctic Expedition (1913-1918). Ottawa, F. A. Acland, Printer to the King . Principles and practice of poultry culture . Poultry. l-'ii;. iro;. I'armcr'i mlony house at Michigan .f',riciiluitid College, (rhotograpb froni file college-). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Robinson, John H. (John Henry), 1863-1935. Boston ; New York : Ginn and Company . Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. CEREALS 375 Anthracnose {Colletotrichum cereale Manns). — This an- thracnose seems to prevail on wheat as extensively as upon rye. Upon wheat the head or parts of it are not destroyed, as in the case of rye, but general weakness of the plant and light shriveled grain follows the attack. Powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC). — The usual characters of the powdery mildews are exhibited: a whitish,. Fig. 160. —Normal wheat kernels and shriveled kernels due to anthracnose. After Manns. flour-like coating in irregular circular spots upon the leaves an . West African forests and forestry . Forests and forestry. n to. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Unwin, Arthur Harold. London : T. F. Unwin, ltd. . The natural history of plants. Botany. Fig. 416. Young female flower. Fig. 417. Long. sect, of young female flower. III. AMMANNIA SERIES. Ammannia ^ (fig. 418-424) has given its name to a small series of this family, distinguished (somewhat artificially) by the smallness of their flowers, concave receptacle, generally smooth externally, petals none or scarcely perceptible and by their organs of vegetation. They are small herbs, often aquatic, having ordinarily the habit of Portulaca, or Gallitriche, or Myriophyllum, etc. In an indigenous species commonly known as Peplis^ Portula* (fig. 418, . Essentials of botany. Botany; Botany. 62 ESSENTIALS OF BOTANY minute branches, which perform the work of leaves (Fig. 36). The familiar greenhouse climber, wrongly known as smilax (properly called Myrsiphyllum), bears a profusion of what appear to be delicate green leaves (Fig. 37). Close study, however, shows that these are really short, flattened branches, and that each little branch springs from the. Fig. 36. A Spray of a Common Asparagus (not the edible species). axil of a true leaf, I, in the form of a minute scale. Some- times a flower and a leaf-like branch spring from the axil of the . Our native trees and how to identify them; a popular study of their habits and their peculiarities. Trees. BOX ELDER. Fruiting Spray of Box Elder, Aar ne Leaflets 2' to 4' long.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Keeler, Harriet L. (Harriet Louise), 1846-1921. New York, C. Scribner's Sons . A manual of zoology. Zoology. FiC'. 500.â^)e^"e]oylment of an Ascidian (after KuplTcr and Ko"ali: larva, just hatchcil; 2, eross-section through the tail of a shghtly younger lar^â a; younger stage, formation of notoehord and nervous system; 4. anterior end of just before attaehment. (r, PJidllusui moilula: ;, 4, iV;. iiiiiminUhjIti.) ,111. notoehord; f/. tiniie; (/. digesti-e traet; </', its niUriti"e, (/'', its respirat(^r' (hi atrial esiele; ck. eetoderm; rn, entoderm; //, brain; /. oral in"agination; in, nui tail; II, neural lube; hi', ncurentcrie eanal; 0, . The geological history of plants. Paleobotany; 1888. Fia. 40.—^Vegetable tissues from coal, o, SigiUaria and Gordaitet. b, Calamodendron. table debris of all kinds, including sometimes vast quan- tities of lepidodendroid spores, and the microscopic study of the coal gives similar results (Fig. 40). Further, on the surfaces of many coals, and penetrating the shales or sandstones which form their roofs, we find erect stumps of sigillaria and other trees, showing that the accumula- tion of the coal terminated as it had begun, by a forest- growth. I introduce here a section of a few of the nu- m . Soils and plant life as related to agriculture . Agriculture; Soils; Plants. 120 SOILS AND PLANT LIFE cumulated in the kernels as to make them hard and doughy. 94. The Forms and Uses of the Various Food Materials in the Seed. — As the food accumulates within the seeds, part of it assumes the form of grains, or granules, which often resemble to some extent minute oyster shells; and inclosed in certain parts of some seeds, oil may be seen in the form of tiny droplets. A person who has made a careful study of the subject can detect adulterations in. Courtesy Iowa State College. Fig. 41. — X fee . A manual of zoology. PHYLUM PROTOZOA 27 of being comparatively short and thick, as in Amoeba and in the other Lobosa, or extremely delicate, flexible, and thread- £ CD **s. e-B a E 3 u - â 5 S lei 6 like, as in the Foraminifera, are slender, but comparatively stiff, and stand out straight from the surface of the sphere in a radiating manner ; they are capable of only very slow. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original wo . Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. 314 PLANT STUDIES gemraas fall olf and develojo new tliaJlus bodies, making rapid mnltiplication possible. Marcliantia also possess re- markably prominent gametojihores, or "sexual branches" as tliey are often called. In this case the gametophores are differentiated, one bearing only antheridia (Fig. 285), and known as the " antheridial branch," the other bearing only archegonia (Figs. 2S(;, 387), and known as the "archegonial bran(di." The scalloped antheridia] disk and the star- shaped archegonial disk, each borne n . The bee-keeper's guide : or Manual of the apiary . Bee culture; Bees. Male Organs of Insects. 73 If we except bees and wasps, there are no true insects that need be feared; nor need we except them, for with fair usage even they are seldom provoked to use their cruel weapon. SEX ORGANS OF INSECTS. The male organs consist of the testes (Fig. 22, a) which are double. These are made up of tubules or vesicles, of which there may be from one, as in the drone bee, to Fig. 22.. Male OrgaTis of Droney much mas^nijied. e Common Duct. j ^ Ejaculatory duct. h Penis. i Yellow saccules. a Testes. b b Vasa . The James way : a book showing how to build and equip a practical up to date dairy barn. Barns; Barns; Dairy barns; Dairy barns; Dairying. Syt'.ts'Br lilts, 1 W"J.'„"J^''- ''••Mi. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. James Manufacturing Co. Fort Atkinson, Wis. : . The Cuba review. if the politicians of the 'eterans" Associa- tion are amenable to public sentiment, the danger of an outbreak is indefinitely post- poned.âNei<' )'ork Sun. The Cubans, like other Latin Americans, cordially dislike us, and they would not willingly accept our form of government. Although unable to make any substantial resistance to intervention, thev could make the government of the island by aliens extremely costly and uncomfortable, says the A'cii' Orleans Picaynnc. U.NCLt S HAD ills TROUBLES WITH THAT KIND OF â GOVERSMtNT â. Tlie probable remedy.â5/. Louis (Mo.) Gl . The bee-keeper's guide; or, Manual of the apiary. Bees. 432 THB BBE-KBBPBR S GUIDB ; there are several species in the South—are in bloom. In many parts they commence to blossom in May. One of the finest of these is the Magnolia glauca (Fig-. 237). One would suspect at once that it was a near relative of the tulip tree. This is also common in Southern California. Fig. 236.. Cotton.—Original. JULY PLANTS. Early in this month opens the far-famed basswood or lin- den (Tilia Americana), {Fig. 238), which, for the profusion and quality of its honey, has no superior. Mr. Doolittle got 66 pounds of . Through the heart of Patagonia. Natural history. A TEHUELCHE CACIQUE. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Prichard, Hesketh Vernon Hesketh, 1876-1922; Moreno, Francisco Pascasio, 1852-1919; Woodward, Arthur Smith, 1864-1944; Thomas, Oldfield, 1858-1929; Britten, James, 1846-1924; Rendle, A. B. (Alfred Barton), 1865-1938; Millais, John Guille, 1865-1931, illus; Saville, Marshall H. (Marshall Howard), 1867-1935. . Langstroth on the hive and honey-bee. Bees. Plate 19. 1. ,S AND QUEEN-CAGES, oiB â vJ''"""^v.rf See-Culture."). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Langstroth, L. L. (Lorenzo Lorraine), 1810-1895; Dadant, Charles, 1817-1902; Dadant, C. P. (Camille Pierre), 1851-1938. Hamilton, Ill. : Dadant . Familiar garden flowers . Flowers; Plants, Ornamental; Floriculture. 16 FAMlLIAIi OAEBEX FLOWERti. It is not generally known that the common white lily may be grown to perfection in pots, and is well adapted for forcing. Its great decorative value, and its emblematic character, enhance its importance as a plant adapted for culture under glass, to supply its charming flowers at an earlier season than they customarily appear in the open garden. When grown for this purpose, the bulbs should be potted in August, in a compost consisting of about three parts mellow turfy loam, and one part each of . The Cuba review. 30 THE CUBA REVIEW c :3 o U *^ c u S C O U c o 3 -a o u 0^ u C4 O OS a o u 3 J3 O 4iJ o Oh u c o a o o. Oh (N 00 ^1 H H VO CM 00 r^ - C3 OJ 2 CJ 03. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Munson Steamship Line. New York : Munson Steamship Line . Principles of plant culture : an elementary treatise designed as a text-book for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Horticulture; Botany. 38 Principles of Plant Culture. face of fine soil in a propagating frame, in which the air is kept very moist and the surface of the soil never becomes dry. 54. The Plantlet is Visible in the Seed. If we boil seeds of the four kinds shown in Figs. 7 to 10, or of other kinds, in water until they are fully swollen, and then care- fully dissect them with the forceps and needle, using the magnifying glass when necessary, we may observe that the plantle . Farm friends and farm foes : a text-book of agricultural science . Agricultural pests; Beneficial insects; Insect pests. ii8 FARM FRIENDS AND FARM FOES the green pulp. Here they continue until they become full-grown as larvae, often doing an enormous amount of damage to the peach crop. Finally they emerge from the fruits and change to pupae on the outside of the peach, generally in or near the stem cavity. A week later, these pupae change to moths that deposit their eggs upon the peaches, and these eggs hatch into worms that also burrow into the peach fruits, finally maturing and pupating on . My shrubs . Shrubs; Ornamental shrubs. o w •a o en D z O O. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Phillpotts, Eden, 1862-1960. London ; New York : John Lane . The Cuba review. Cuba -- Periodicals. V H l^ CUBA REVIEW 43. S.S. MUNAMAR NEW YORK-EASTERN CUBA SERVICE PASSENGER AND FREIGHT Xew York Antilla Antilla Leave Arrive Leave Mch. 3 Mch. Mch. 10 Xew York Arrive Mch. 14 Steamer xMUNAMAR Subsequent .sailings to Antilla PL;spended until farther notice on account of conditions in Eastern C"ul):i. FREIGHT ONLY Regular fortnightly sidings for Matanzas, Cardenas, Sagux, Caibarien, Pto. Padre, Manati, Banes, Gibara and Nuevitas. MOBILE—CUBA SERVICE FREIGHT ONLY SS. BERTHA Havana :Iarch 2 SS. WIEN Cardenas, Cailiarien March 2 SS. MUNISLA Havana, Mat . Animal parasites and parasitic diseases . Domestic animals; Veterinary medicine. k"^-. I- r C. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Kaupp, Benjamin Franklyn, 1874-. Chicago : A. Eger . The trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Trees; Trees. tr >â /I. -v^ '"i-V;^ ^;f*;f' M â¢.â¢^ 1^ J'f 4 .??.^: .w SSS» '^^' 7^ 'U, A- k/ â ->. V ^ * lEV'St ;â¢â¢ r '^/^ V ».:,:'!t.:. 'S t â¢^ K >;â¢. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Elwes, Henry John, 1846-1922; Henry, Augustine, 1857-1930. Edinburgh, Priv. Print. . Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. 246 FUNGOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS Germination really consists in absorption of water, increase in size of the sclerotial mass, and the pushing into growth, some- times from many different points on the sclerotium, of compact masses of hypha?, which develop into sporo- phores. These sporophores may be from one fourth to one inch in height, and they bear at the summit head-shaped stromata within which the perithecia are differentiated. A cross sec- tion of the head-shaped stroma is show . The natural history of plants. Botany. Rhyticarpm has many of its characters. The fruit is obovoid or pear-shaped, sHghtly compressed per- pendicular to the partition, with meri- carps more or less decurrent at the base on the pedicel, having five nearly equal little-prominent ridges, and alter- nate solitary vittse, deeply situated; often rugose on the surface, and sur- mounted by conical stylopods. continuous with the recurved styles. The sepals are less developed than those of the preceding genus. They are glabrous herbs or shrubby plants, with trisected leaves, the segments of which are . Elements of applied microscopy. A text-book for beginners. Microscopy. 48 ELEMENTS OF /IPPLIED MICROSCOPY. Once well imbedded, a cube of solid paraf&n contain- ing the object is cut out and fixed in a microtome, such as is illustrated in Fig. 25. Several good instruments are on the market, of which the Thoma and the Minot- Blake types may be mentioned. In any case the knife and object are firmly held in supports moving at right angles to each other; and one or other of the supports is. Fig. 25.—Thoma Microtome. (After Carpenter-Dallinger.) SO arranged that by some mechanical device it ca . A manual of zoology. Zoology. [16 GENERAL TRENXIPLES OF ZOOLOGY aliove or in front of the mouth. In Ihc air-breathing vertcliratcs this pair of pits, which here also arise from the skin, are taken into the dorsal wall of the two respiratory canals leading from the outside to the mouth or pharynx. Now since the olfactory cells distributed in these pits (hg 38. B) are frequently characterized l)y bundles of olfactory hairs, while the surrounding epithelium is often ciliated, one is inclined to regard as organs of smell sensory organs of invertebrates, which have the form of ciliated pits or li . Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. I'lHEANES OF SPECIAL CHOPS 111 adjacent cedar trees, and there produce swellings upon the branches and twigs during the fall and winter. In the spring, these give origin to long gelati- nous horns, which consist of masses of spores embedded in a matrix of jelly. These spores upon drying are conveyed to the quince tree by the winds, and there produce again the quince rust. The cedar is a necessary resting place for this fungus dur- ing the winter. The remedy there- fore is, if possible, to remove the cedar trees from the neigh- borhood of quince t . Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. . '?'is. A t:jrr)iij) nT T!;i(tri'i:i, Hio bodies lirini,' black, and bearing; ni()tiK' cilin in various v;iyH, ,1, llu' two to the l, J' species of I's.HiloiHoiHis : /â ', r;, siirri.-s of F,;icillim, /'""hcin-,' that of typhoid fi-v.T; JL Mlcro- .y)ira ; J, l A, ,)/. sjiccicH uf Sphiflum.âAUt'T Enuler and Pkantl.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. . The natural history of plants. Botany. Pig. 124. Foliaceoua and floriferoua branch (J). Fig. 125. Long. sect, of female flower (f). Fig. 126. Long. sect, of compound fruit. With a receptacle in form of a sac, like that of Lanessania and the neighbouring genera, the Figs (Ficus) have given their name to a distinct group (Ficece), because this receptacular pouch, with orifice generally very narrow, and surrounded by a small involucre, encloses female flowers in great number instead of a single one, with or without male flowers above them. All are likewise disposed in glomerules on the interior . Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. 'i 4. P. (c.) sina'ica Thouin. 764. P. (c.) niTilis. The Mount Sinai Pear Tree.. 76S. P. (c.) liniica, I den l!fi€aliim. Thouin Mem. Mus.. I. KO.t. 9.; Dec. Prod., 2. p.6S4.; Don's Mill., 2. p 622. EE 3. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have b . Icones plantarum formosanarum nec non et contributiones ad floram formosanam; or, Icones of the plants of Formosa, and materials for a flora of the island, based on a study of the collections of the Botanical survey of the Government of Formosa. Botany. Fig. 48, Cydophorus Matsudai Hayata ; 1, tlie plant; 2, a soms; 3, a sporaagiuin.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Hayata, Bunzo?; Taiwan. Shokusankyoku. T . A text-book of agricultural zoology. Zoology, Economic. 184 LEPIDOFlJliBA {HUjinaj. destructive. After the crop has been taken, it is a good plan to turn a number of fowls on the land, as they devour these larvae greedily. "Watering around plants where the grubs are plentiful with paraffin emulsion has a good effect; but for wholesale purposes there is nothing like a dry dressing of soot and lime. The PhisiadcB or Y-Moths include one destructive species— namely, the Silvery Y (Plusia gamma) (fig. 84), which now and then feeds upon turnips and clover. The larvse have only two pairs of pr . Natal plants : Descriptions and figures of Natal indigenous plants, with notes on their distribution, economic value, native names, &c., / by J. Medley Wood and Maurice S. Evans. Published under the auspices of Natal Government and Durban Botanic Society. Botany. Plate 206. W.J.H Knip-hofia mulliflora, Wood &. Evans.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Wood, John Medley, 1827-1914; Evans, Maurice S. ( . The practice of silviculture : with particular reference to its application in the United States . Forests and forestry. MODIFICATIONS OF THE METHOD 75. Fig. 24. Arrangement of the cuttings in a stand reproduced by the group shelterwood method. Advance reproduction was present on areas marked " 1" before the cutting. permit its application in an extensive way under poor market conditions and in the absence of permanent roads have been developed. Summarized, these modifications consist in: Reducing the total number of cuttings to two or three, Lengthening the period of regeneration, . The book of the garden. Gardening. INSECTS INJURIOUS IN THE FL0WER:GAEDEN. 831 them. Besides these there are a number of pai-a- sitic insects which deposit their eggs in the old aphides, and whose young feed upon, and, when fully grown, issue from them, leaving nothing of the body of the aphis but a dry empty skin. The earwig and ant play their part, and a number of soft-billed birds are extremely xise- ful in spring, by devouring the young newly- hatched aphides as they issue from the eggs laid the previous autumn. Amongst birds that are our assistants in this matter, the green and red wood . Fungoid and insect pests of the farm. Agricultural pests. XI] Flies 143. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Petherbridge, Frederick Robert. Cambridge : University Press . New creations in plant life : an authoritative account of the life and work of Luther Burbank . Burbank, Luther, 1849-1926; Plant breeding. Cultivating the mammoth pieplant. Some leaves are three to four feet across. Mr. Burbank is the central figure. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Harwood, William Sumner, 1857-1908. New York ; London : Macmillan . Ornamental shrubs of the United States (hardy, cultivated). Shrubs. Fig. 371. — American Elder. Fig. 372. — Golden American Elder. species. The silver-leaved, ar- g6ntea, is a variety of the European and the glaucous-leaved, glaiica, of the American. It is generally easy to determine the species by the taller growth and smaller pith of the European elder. [Eoot cuttings; tv?ig cuttings.] Symphoricdrpos. The Snowberries or 'Waxberkies, and CoRAL-BERRiKS are shrubs with close-clustered fleshy 2-seeded globular white or red berries lasting on the bushes through the fall and part of the win- ter . Manual of farm animals; a practical guide to the choosing, breeding, and keep of horses, cattle, sheep, and swine. Animal industry; Horses; Cattle; Sheep; Swine. DISEASES OF SHEEP 449 lambs without difficulty, the first milk comes, and the lamb as well as the ewe is doing nicely. The owner, in order that the ewe may give an abundance of milk, places the ewe on a full. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Harper . North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 456 The Thorn Trees the lobes slightly haiiy on the inner surface, lanceolate, long-pointed, glandular- toothed; stamens lo to 20; anthers pink; styles 3 to 5. The fruit is pear-shaped or oblong, about 10 mm. thick, yellow or yellow-green, sometimes tinged with red; the calyx-lobes are reflexed; the flesh is firm; it contains 3 to 5 nutlets, com- monly 4, about 7 mm. long, strongly ridged on the back, the nest about 8 mm. . Contributions to Canadian palæontology. Paleontology. 18. 25. 23. 24. L.M. LAMBE, Delt.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Geological Survey of Canada. Ottawa, Printed by S. E. Dawson . Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. 1739. L. imWrbe. so. {^eefig. 1740., in which a is a leaf of L. StyracSflua, and b one of L. im- berbe, both to the same scale.) The veins of the leaves, in this species, are naked, while in the other they are hairy at the base of the midrib. The flowers are disposed like those in the pr . Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. Fig. 3:31. Sexual reproduction of Fhci/s, showing the eight eggs isix in eight) dis- charged fi-oin tlic oogonium and eurronnded by a membrane (A), eggs liberated from the membrane (E i, antheridinm containing sperms ( 6'). the discharged lat- erally biciliate sperms i (;), and eggs surrounded by swarming sperms (F, H).— After Singer.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original w . Crops that pay : pecans, figs, mangoes, avocados, kumquats . Pecan; Fruit-culture. PRICE 10 CENT5 By HArthur Dygert. Drexel Building, Philadelphia, u.s.a.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Dygert, Henry Arthur, 1856-. Philadelphia : H. A. Dygert . Ornamental shrubs of the United States (hardy, cultivated). Shrubs. THE ACACIAS 133. Fio. 170. — Needle-leaved Acacia. Fig. 171. —Broom Wattle.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Apgar, A. C. (Austin Craig), 1838-1908; Draycott, Ada (Apgar). New York, Cincinnati [etc] American Book Company . The natural history of the farm; a guide to the practical study of the sources of our living in wild nature. Natural history. VII. THE EDIBLE WILD ROOTS OF THE FARM "The sunshine floods the fertile fields Where shining seeds are sown. And lo, a miracle is wrought; For plants with leaves wind-blown, â By magic of the sunbeam's touch Take from the rain and dew And earth and air, the things of Ufe To mingle them anew, And store them safe in guarding earth To meet man's hunger-need. Then lo, the wonder grows complete; The germ within the seed Becomes a sermon or a song, A kiss or kindly dee . A manual of weeds : with descriptions of all the most pernicious and troublesome plants in the United States and Canada, their habits of growth and distribution, with methods of control . Weeds. 428 COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) BUSHY ASTER Boltbnia asteroides, L'Her. Native. Perennial. Propagates by seeds. Time of bloom: Late July to October. Seed-time: September to November. Range: New Jersey to Minnesota, southward to Florida, Louisiana, and Nebraska. Habitat: Moist soil; low meadows, banks of streams, and ditches. The common name of this plant fits it well, for it has all the appearance . The Cuba review. THE CUBA REVIEW 6 menos. En las condiciones mencionadas mas arriba, el producto tendria que valer il5 ($150 mex.), dejando £i 10s. ($45 mex. mas 6 menos) 6 sea con el valor de las 2% toneladas de bagazo precisadas, £2 mas 6 menos (6 sea $20 mex.). El costo del carbon que habria que comprar para el ingenio en reemplazo del bagazo seria de £l 10s. ($15 me.x. mas 6 menos). Para el efecto calorifico, se caKula ge- neralmente que una tonelada de carbon bueno corresponda a 4 toneladas de ba- gazo de modo que el valor del ultimo no puede exceder de $.3.50 por tonelada. De- duciendo . Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18. Scientific expeditions. 104 Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 fry, two seasons old, that are making their way down to the sea. The migration ends when summer begins, and the Eskimos then wander over the land in search of caribou. Autumn finds them jigging again through the ice of the lakes. Life varies somewhat with the different economic conditions; while one band of Eskimos is hunting caribou or musk-oxen, another, fifty or a hundred Tiiles away, may be snaring squirrels, or gaffing sahnon in the rivers, while still a third is jigging for . The trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Trees; Trees. SYCAMORE IX SWITZERLAND Flate 1S3.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Elwes, Henry John, 1846-1922; Henry, Augustine, 1857-1930. Edinburgh, Priv. Print. . The Cuba review. Cuba -- Periodicals. THE CUBA REVIEW 35 Stiulonts (if I lie iii(l,i-;t IV declare tliat 1t:e iiroadeniiiK u.sos of s'ligur ;irp only well under way and tluit l)el"<)re nian.N yi-ars tiie ])c'i- capita eonsunijjtion of other countries will appnjxi- mate that of the Ignited vStates. They contend that, comixircd witii other foods, it is one of the cheai)est and that it is K^inK to be a matter of production and not consun'.ption that will bother the world l)efore loiif;;. They say, too, tliat liie end of tiu' war will farnish a {greatly increased demand in lOarojVe, as t . Our native trees and how to identify them : a popular study of their habits and their peculiarities . Trees. SCARLET OAK. Scarlet Oak, Quercus coccinea. Leaves 3' to (J long, 2J4' to 5' broad.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Keeler, Harriet L. (Harriet Louise), 1846-1921. New York : C. Scribner's Sons . Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. DANIELS EXPEKIMICXTS AD CONCLUSIONS I''5 rot and parsnip show that the presence of reserve material is no obstacle to success. Those of tomato on potato, annual sunflower on Jerusalem artichoke, etc., show that the formation of tubers on the stock takes place even when the cion is incapable of pro- ducing tubers itself. In grafting in September a young cabbage on a purple-topped turnip, which would have begun to thicken its root, in October, the thickening came in the April following, when the cion became plethoric. It . An illustrated descriptive catalogue of the coleoptera or beetles (exclusive of the Rhynchophora) known to occur in Indiana : with bibliography and descriptions of new species . Beetles. XVIII. CoLYMBETES Clairv. 1.806. (Giv, "dive-i-swim.") Rather large elongate beetles having the side-; of thorax oblique, not margined; scutellum punctate; elytra Aith very fine transverse stria}. The males have the anal segment triangularly emarginate and joints 2 and 3 of front and middle tarsi clothed with small equal disks. One .species occurs in Indiana. 448 (1474). CoLYMBETES scxjLPTiLis Har . The trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Trees; Trees. fLTE 4L SMOOTH-LEAVED ELM AT SALING. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Elwes, Henry John, 1846-1922; Henry, Augustine, 1857-1930. Edinburgh, Priv. Print. . Principles and practice of poultry culture . Poultry. J |(. ;27 MKti 1 :iccd Wyandotte cock- erel. Ihis biid and the one it5 Fig. 5:;S .ire tuH biothers 'I'lir bird in !-><.' 5::S, with (be best-laced breast, fails in saddle. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Robinson, John H. (John Henry), 1863-1935. Boston ; New York : Ginn and Company . Forest and water . Water-supply; Forests and forestry; Water-supply; Forests and forestry. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Kinney, Abbot, 1850-1920. Los Angeles : Post Pub. Co. . Fungous diseases of plants : with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . Fungi in agriculture. PHYCOMYCETES !53 was at first probably more or less confined to the Mississippi Valley and states to the eastward. It has been known for a long time as a pest in the Middle Atlantic States, extending westward to the Mississippi, but in the states farther to the. Fig. 52. Grape Leaf with Early Stage of Downy Mildew (Photograph by H. H. Whetzel) northeast, while equally common, it has been less disastrous in its effects. This is to be accounted for in part by the vigorous growth of t . Lectures on the evolution of plants. Botany; Plants. 56 EVOLUTION OF PLANTS third order, the Characese, is made up of very peculiar plants of doubtful affinities.. The Siphoned This order contains a good many types differing a good deal among themselves and showing in some cases a high degree of special- ization. They differ from the other green forms in the almost complete absence of division walls within the plant body, although they can hardly with propriety be considered as strictly unicellular since the protoplasm contains a large number of nuclei. The plant may be a simple tubular fila . The story of the Herefords : an account of the origin and development of the breed in Herefordshire, a sketch of its early introduction into the United States and Canada, and subsequent rise to popularity in the western cattle trade, with sundry notes on the management of breeding herds . Hereford cattle. WASHINGTON (8152) AT TWO TEAKS—BEBD BY A. B. HDGHES.. BBATBICB AT TWO YBAES ELBYBN MONTHS—BSKD BY UBS. SDWAED8.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may . The pet book. Pets. THE HORNED LIZARD Homykins, Homykins, open your eye, For close to your nose is a blue-bottle fly! Toadykins ruflfle your spines and your frills And scurry away on the rocks to the hills! Little squat goblia, all bristling with spikes, Flattened-out lizard that nobody likes. Stone-colored hermit of sagebrush and sand. You're the drollest hobgoblin of no-baby's land! " Charles A. Keeler* ILTHOUGH Homykins looks like a toad made into a pincushion, i it is not a toad at all, but a lizard despite its name. There are several species of these living in Southwestern United S . Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. XXVI. iJosA^cE.B : chat^^gus. 377 a garden near Edinburgh, which once belonged to the Regent Murray. It is very old, and its branches have somewhat of a drooping cha- racter ; but whetiier sufficiently so to constitute a variety worth propagating as a distinct kind appears to us very dou . Langstroth on the hive & honey bee. Bees. 134 THE BEE-HIVES. damage inflicted to the bees was immense, for thej' had to rebuild their combs at a time when queens begin their greatest laying. But the Jjee-keepers of old were persuaded that this crop of beesAvax was beneficial to bees, since it compelled them. K bfl .S S <:. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Langstroth, L. L. (Lorenzo Lorraine), 1810-18 . Our native trees and how to identify them; a popular study of their habits and their peculiarities. Trees. CUSTARD-APPLE FAMILY Calyx.—Sepals three, valvate in bud, ovate, acuminate, pale green, downy. Corolla. — Petals six, in two rows, imbricate in the bud. Inner row acute, erect, nectariferous. Outer row broadly ovate, reflexed at maturity. Petals at first are green, then brown, and finally be- come dull purple and conspicuously veiny. Siamens. — Indefinite, densely packed on the globular receptacle. Filaments short ; anthers extrorse, two-celled, opening longitudi- nally. Pistils. — Seve . A state park plan for New York, with a proposal for the new park bond issue. Parks. . Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. New York state association. Committee on state park plan. [New York, M. B. Brown printing & binding co. ] . Nature-study; a manual for teachers and students. Nature study. 326 NATURE-STUDY and pistils. Tlic rliildrcn slioukl now be taught the mean- ing of the perfume, neetar, and beautiful colors. These are not meant for us but primarily for the benefit of the plant. They attract the passing bees, liuttcr- flies, and other in- sects. The colors and odors are simply con- spicuous signs that here is insect refresh- ment to be had. The insects in exchange, though unconscious- ly and unintention- ally, of course, pay therefor by carrying pollen from flower to flower. Though there were no hu- man being . A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. REPRODUCTION AND DISPERSAL 893 ^^ if an inflorescence is cut off and allowed to strike root in a moist chamber the tip grows into a vegetative shoot (figs. 1199, 1200). The oldest buds develop into the usual flowers, while younger buds de- velop into cleistogamous flowers without prominent corollas; still younger buds develop only the calyx, and the very youngest lateral buds, as well as the ter- minal bud, develop vegetative shoots. If a flowering shoot of Myriophyllum heierophyllum is transferred from a pond to a covered aquari . The pathology and differential diagnosis of infectious diseases of animals : prepared for students and practitioners of veterinary medicine . Veterinary medicine; Communicable diseases in animals. INFECTIOUS ANEMIA IN HORSES 457 sopus hematopota and tabanus) are the transmitters of infectious anemia in Japan. Modes of infection. The disease can be produced artificially in horses by the subcutaneous or intravenous injection of virulent blood, that is, the blood of the sick horse. The size of the dose, as pointed out by Carre and ValMe, does not seem to makte any difference. Infection may take . Our native trees and how to identify them; a popular study of their habits and their peculiarities. Trees. GRAY PINE. Gray Pine, Finns divaricata. Cones ij^' to 2' long.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Keeler, Harriet L. (Harriet Louise), 1846-1921. New York, C. Scribner's Sons . Readings in evolution, genetics, and eugenics. Evolution; Heredity; Eugenics. EVIDENCES FROM MORPHOLOGY 141 changed conditions of life, an organ which was previously useful becomes useless, it will be suffered to dwindle away in successive generations, under the influence of certain natural causes which we shall have to consider in future chapters. On the other hand, the theory of special creation can only maintain that these rudiments are formed for the sake of adhering to an ideal type. Now, here again the former theory appears to be triumphant over the latter; for, without waiting to disp . The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution;. Botany. DEHISCENCE OF CERTAIN GALLS. 639 SO embedded in the leaf that it projects on the upper side as a small pointed cone, and on the lower side as a disc covered with a thick coating of hairs. In the autumn a circular piece like a lid becomes detached from the lower side of the chamber. It corresponds exactly with the extent of the hairy disc, and is so sharply defined that it looks as if it had been cut out with a knife (see figs. 362 8 and 362 ^). The operculum falls oflF, and the larva which had emerge . Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. 647. C. parpurea. Spec. Char., S^c. Branches dark purple. Leaves ovate, cuneate at the base, lobed with broad lobes, serrated, glabrous, or pubescent beneath. Stipules somewhat circular, serrated with glanded serratures. (^Hec. Prod.) A shrub or low tree. Altaic Mountains. Height 6 ft. t . Cuba and Porto Rico, with the other islands of the West Indies; their topography, climate, flora, products, industries, cities, people, political conditions, etc.. West Indies; Cuba -- Description and travel; Puerto Rico -- Description and travel. o > fed < o ft. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Hill, Robert Thomas, 1858-1941. New York, Century. . Field crop production; a text-book for elementary courses in schools and brief courses in colleges. Agriculture. THE CLOVERS 265 than for hay or pasture. As a soil improver, it has no equal in the corn belt states, since it produces a great vol- ume of stems and leaves, which, when plowed under, add large amounts of nitrogen and humus to the soil. Unlike red clover, mammoth clover seeds abundantly the first crop, and often a seed crop may be removed before plowing it under. 266. Cultural methods. — Mammoth clover has adap- tations to soil and climate similar to those of red clover.. Fig. 93. . On the anatomy of vertebrates. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative; 1866. 339 structure of ventricle, Etnyji europma. sxxviir. In all the foregoing modifications of the reptilian heart the venous blood from the general system and the arterialised blood from the lungs are transmitted by distinct auricular reservoirs into the ventricle, where, through the sjoongy character of the receptacle, and the free intercommunication between the basal spaces into which the auricles open and from which the arteries proceed, the blood is transmitted, in a more or less mixed state, to the lungs and to the gen . Beef production . Cattle. BABY BEEF 79 the calf or milk fat or bloom of the young calf. This is not an easy thing to do. Usually considerable shrink- age occurs, especially where calves have not been ac- customed to eating grain before being weaned. Where considerable shrinkage in condition occurs it is difficult and expensive to regain, not only so, but it materially lengthens the time required to mature them. The calf will not profitably consume so much rough feed as older cattle. Experienced cattle feeders understand. Fig. 8. High class 'babv beef" brecl and fed by D. R. Perry & . The naturalist in Australia. Natural history. "f:>) PLATE XIV. 1. ir. Sru-Uh-Kent, Fhotu. SPTNE-TAILED LT/ABOS. X—Kg,^r}ua ,le/>re.is,t . B^-E. Stnkt-sn. Two-tliirds natural size, //. 92.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Kent, W. Saville (William Saville), d. 1908. London, Chapman & Hall . The essentials of botany. Botany. GM03S ANATOMT OP FLOWElllJUQ PLANTS, xix wedge-shaped {cuneiform) leaf. In some cases a point or bristle grows from the obtuse apex; such are said to be mueronate. The extremity when indented is notched or emarginate; when this is slight it is retuse; when so deep from the apex as to appear cleft the leaf is lifld. A common form of emarginate apex is seen in the dbcordate (i.e., inversely heart-shaped) leaf, while the emar- ginate base is found in the cordate (i.e., heart-shaped) leaf. The notch in the base of a leaf is also known as a sinus. Margin of the B . Soils and plant life as related to agriculture . Agriculture; Soils; Plants. 90 SOILS AND PLANT LIFE 66. The Green Leaf likened to a Mill. — The process may be likened to the work in a mill where com and oats, we shall say, are ground together to make the " grist." The water from the root corresponds to the corn; the car- bon dioxide from the air, to the oats; the green leaf, to the mill; the sun- light to the en- gine; and the starch formed, to the grist. If any part is lacking, no grist can be produced. EXERCISE 30 Object. —To learn how and when food is man- ufactured in the leav Next page Page 1 of 2332 12345678910