Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . cipal branches : the first nour-ishes the two inferior frontal convolutions ; the second, muchmore important, is distributed (less commonly than theSylvian, but much oftener than the anterior cerebral) to thegyrus fornicatus (Fig. 16), to the corpus callosum, to thefirst frontal convolution (internal and external faces), to theparacentral lobule and upon the convex face of the frontallobe, to the first and second frontal convolutions (Fig. 17),and finally to the superior extremity of the as
RM2AN402T–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . cipal branches : the first nour-ishes the two inferior frontal convolutions ; the second, muchmore important, is distributed (less commonly than theSylvian, but much oftener than the anterior cerebral) to thegyrus fornicatus (Fig. 16), to the corpus callosum, to thefirst frontal convolution (internal and external faces), to theparacentral lobule and upon the convex face of the frontallobe, to the first and second frontal convolutions (Fig. 17),and finally to the superior extremity of the as
Lectures on nervous diseases from the standpoint of cerebral and spinal localization, and the later methods employed in the diagnosis and treatment of these affections (1888)
RMFP1XX5–Lectures on nervous diseases from the standpoint of cerebral and spinal localization, and the later methods employed in the diagnosis and treatment of these affections (1888)
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . distinction.We have already said that the symptoms differ remarkablyaccording to the portion of the internal capsule affected bythe lesion. If it occupies any part of the anterior two-thirds of thecapsule, the region where the white tract separates the ante-rior extremity of the lenticular ganglion from the head of thecaudated ganglion, and which belong, as you know, to thefield of the lenticulo-striated artery, h& paralysis will be ex-clusively that oi motion ; there will be no durable tr
RM2AN3X0F–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . distinction.We have already said that the symptoms differ remarkablyaccording to the portion of the internal capsule affected bythe lesion. If it occupies any part of the anterior two-thirds of thecapsule, the region where the white tract separates the ante-rior extremity of the lenticular ganglion from the head of thecaudated ganglion, and which belong, as you know, to thefield of the lenticulo-striated artery, h& paralysis will be ex-clusively that oi motion ; there will be no durable tr
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . stance {substantiaperforata). These are the arteries of the central gray ganglia,or more definitely, the arteries of the corpora striata. Letus here examine the cortical system, leaving for the momentthe gray ganglia. At the bottom of the fissure of Sylvius is seen the islandof Reil, on a level with which the Sylvian artery divides intofour branches, each of which deserves a special name. Thesebranches follow the furrows that separate the convolutions ofthe island and to which they furnish
RM2AN42JX–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . stance {substantiaperforata). These are the arteries of the central gray ganglia,or more definitely, the arteries of the corpora striata. Letus here examine the cortical system, leaving for the momentthe gray ganglia. At the bottom of the fissure of Sylvius is seen the islandof Reil, on a level with which the Sylvian artery divides intofour branches, each of which deserves a special name. Thesebranches follow the furrows that separate the convolutions ofthe island and to which they furnish
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . e analogies are considerable, since the same alteration(gray induration) is in both cases located in the same tissue.But there are also variations worthy of notice ; thus, in prim-itive sclerosis the fascicular lesions are necessarily double, that Those cases where the extension of the lesion exceeds its habitual limits, theinvasion, for example, of the anterior gray cornua, which will be considered fartheron, are certainly among the most decisive arguments which can be employed toestablish
RM2AN3KC8–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . e analogies are considerable, since the same alteration(gray induration) is in both cases located in the same tissue.But there are also variations worthy of notice ; thus, in prim-itive sclerosis the fascicular lesions are necessarily double, that Those cases where the extension of the lesion exceeds its habitual limits, theinvasion, for example, of the anterior gray cornua, which will be considered fartheron, are certainly among the most decisive arguments which can be employed toestablish
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . tempt a rigorous description ; I propose only to draw ageneral outline, a knowledge of which is indispensable to ourobject. To simplify a very complex situation, I will confinemyself to the brain ; that is, to that mass of nervous substancecomposed of two hemispheres and situated at the superiorextremity of what are called the cerebral peduncles (cruracerebri). The two hemispheres are nearly symmetrical, and so nearlyidentical in their structure that whatever may be said of theone may, anat
RM2AN456R–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . tempt a rigorous description ; I propose only to draw ageneral outline, a knowledge of which is indispensable to ourobject. To simplify a very complex situation, I will confinemyself to the brain ; that is, to that mass of nervous substancecomposed of two hemispheres and situated at the superiorextremity of what are called the cerebral peduncles (cruracerebri). The two hemispheres are nearly symmetrical, and so nearlyidentical in their structure that whatever may be said of theone may, anat
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . r) arecentrifugal and connected with movements of the limbs,while others (the posterior) are centripetal and connectedwith the transmission of sensorial impressions (Fig. i8). To sum up, the internal capsule, according to modern re-searches, is composed as follows : 1st. By the direct peduncular fasciculi, which traverse thecapsule without entering the ganglia. 2d. By the indirect peduncular fasciculi. Of these someare sent to the corpora striata, which they approach by theinferior face ; o
RM2AN3YNP–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . r) arecentrifugal and connected with movements of the limbs,while others (the posterior) are centripetal and connectedwith the transmission of sensorial impressions (Fig. i8). To sum up, the internal capsule, according to modern re-searches, is composed as follows : 1st. By the direct peduncular fasciculi, which traverse thecapsule without entering the ganglia. 2d. By the indirect peduncular fasciculi. Of these someare sent to the corpora striata, which they approach by theinferior face ; o
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . which the vascular ter-ritories are separated by dotted lines, will make the detailsclearer. The description of the striated arteries alone requires someexplanation. With this you will possess, in brief, all that isnecessary to a knowledge of the central arteries, whether theycome from the anterior or the posterior cerebral arteries. Emanating from the superior border of the Sylvian artery,the striated arteries enter the apertures of the anterior per-forated space, where they soon disappear
RM2AN3XEN–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . which the vascular ter-ritories are separated by dotted lines, will make the detailsclearer. The description of the striated arteries alone requires someexplanation. With this you will possess, in brief, all that isnecessary to a knowledge of the central arteries, whether theycome from the anterior or the posterior cerebral arteries. Emanating from the superior border of the Sylvian artery,the striated arteries enter the apertures of the anterior per-forated space, where they soon disappear
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . lbranches of the second or third order, would be an especiallyinteresting study, when occurring in the Sylvian region. Itis in that large field that experimentation tends to place thefamous motor centres ; it is there also that clinical experience,aided by pathological anatomy, has located the faculty ofarticulate language. So it is important that we should be well acquainted withthe principal branches rising from the Sylvian artery, andclosely examine their distribution in the fundamental
RM2AN41GB–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . lbranches of the second or third order, would be an especiallyinteresting study, when occurring in the Sylvian region. Itis in that large field that experimentation tends to place thefamous motor centres ; it is there also that clinical experience,aided by pathological anatomy, has located the faculty ofarticulate language. So it is important that we should be well acquainted withthe principal branches rising from the Sylvian artery, andclosely examine their distribution in the fundamental
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . rietal convolution, andextending to the superior extremity of the ascending frontalconvolution, is the motor centre of the upper limbs. LOCALIZATION IN CEREBRAL DISEASES. II Sphenoidal Lobe.—The situation of the sphenoidal lobe iseasily understood. Upon the convex face of the hemisphereit is bounded by the lower border of the hemisphere and bythe fissure of Sylvius. The parallel fissure, called thusbecause it is parallel to the fissure of Sylvius, divides the lobeinto two parts. In the uppe
RM2AN44PB–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . rietal convolution, andextending to the superior extremity of the ascending frontalconvolution, is the motor centre of the upper limbs. LOCALIZATION IN CEREBRAL DISEASES. II Sphenoidal Lobe.—The situation of the sphenoidal lobe iseasily understood. Upon the convex face of the hemisphereit is bounded by the lower border of the hemisphere and bythe fissure of Sylvius. The parallel fissure, called thusbecause it is parallel to the fissure of Sylvius, divides the lobeinto two parts. In the uppe
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . Fig. i8.—Scheme illustrative of the different orders of peduncular fibres.—Huguenin. ments, and to that unequal distribution is due the differencein color of the three segments of the lenticular ganglion. 68 DISEASES OF THE BRAIN. There is no question as to whether the fibres from the footof the peduncle go to the thalami optici; the thalami opticireceive no other fascicuH from the cerebral peduncles exceptthose from the tegmentum. To the fasciculi which go from the foot of the peduncle to
RM2AN3Y9R–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . Fig. i8.—Scheme illustrative of the different orders of peduncular fibres.—Huguenin. ments, and to that unequal distribution is due the differencein color of the three segments of the lenticular ganglion. 68 DISEASES OF THE BRAIN. There is no question as to whether the fibres from the footof the peduncle go to the thalami optici; the thalami opticireceive no other fascicuH from the cerebral peduncles exceptthose from the tegmentum. To the fasciculi which go from the foot of the peduncle to
Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . re.Fig. 30, borrowed from Meynert (loc. cit., Fig. 233), representing the anteriorsection of the brain of a monkey (Cercocebus cinomolgus), very well exhibits thedirection of the principal fasciculi of the antero-posterior system of association.There are to be seen the fibres uniting two convolutions (fibrcz propria)^ welldescribed by Gratiolet, ^& fasciculus arcuatus, the fibres of which extend beneaththe corpus callosum from the occipital to the frontal lobe ; the inferior longitudinalfas
RM2AN3PTB–Lectures on localization in diseases of the brain, delivered at the Faculté de médecine, Paris, 1875 . re.Fig. 30, borrowed from Meynert (loc. cit., Fig. 233), representing the anteriorsection of the brain of a monkey (Cercocebus cinomolgus), very well exhibits thedirection of the principal fasciculi of the antero-posterior system of association.There are to be seen the fibres uniting two convolutions (fibrcz propria)^ welldescribed by Gratiolet, ^& fasciculus arcuatus, the fibres of which extend beneaththe corpus callosum from the occipital to the frontal lobe ; the inferior longitudinalfas