Expeditions organized or participated in by the Smithsonian Institution.. . cessible crevices in the rocks. Eiders arestill locally common, but are rapidly disappearing; onlv one largebreeding colony was found. Scoters are still abundant in largeflocks about the heads of the bays. Glaucous gulls still breed on the high rocky clififs where their nestsare inaccessible. Great black-backed gulls and herring gulls arestill fairly common. Land birds are nowdiere abundant, with thepossible exception of the white-crowned sparrow, which is a commondooryard bird everywhere. Horned larks, pipits, juncos,

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Expeditions organized or participated in by the Smithsonian Institution.. . cessible crevices in the rocks. Eiders arestill locally common, but are rapidly disappearing; onlv one largebreeding colony was found. Scoters are still abundant in largeflocks about the heads of the bays. Glaucous gulls still breed on the high rocky clififs where their nestsare inaccessible. Great black-backed gulls and herring gulls arestill fairly common. Land birds are nowdiere abundant, with thepossible exception of the white-crowned sparrow, which is a commondooryard bird everywhere. Horned larks, pipits, juncos, Labradorjays, tree sparrows, and redpolls are fairly common. NO. 30 SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I9I2 49 A NEWLY-DISCOVERED CAVE DEPOSIT NEAR CUMBERLAND, MARYLAND In October, 1912, Mr. J. ^^^ Gidley, assistant curator of fossilmammals, in the Xational Museum, made a preliminary examinationof some cave deposits containino- bones of Pleistocene age nearCumberland, Maryland, which had previously been discovered andreported by iIr. Raymond Armbruster. a citizen of Cumberland.. •f-j^^^ Fig. 54.—South side of railroad cut, near Cumberland, Maryland, showingupturned ledge of Heldebergian (Devonian) limestone, partly covered withstalactitic material; bone-bearing deposits seen at base. Photograph by Gidley. The results were very satisfactory considering the limited time avail-able, U]:)wards of a hundred sj^ecimens being secured representingabout 24 species of mammals, most of them either extinct or nowliving only in localities very remote from the mountains of WesternMaryland. The fauna proves very interesting, and the find promisesto be most important in that it will throw much additional lighton our knowledge of the Pleistocene mammals of the eastern UnitedStates, or, in other words, those immediately preceding the existing 50 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 60 ones. Among the objects of especial interest collected are a fewfragmentary jaws representing- a new species