A treatise on the theory of solution including the phenomena of electrolysis . itical points. Measurements of the mutual solubility of liquids have beenmade by AlexejefF^ who placed weighed quantities in a sealedtube and noted the temperature at which the mixture becamehomogeneous. The form of the solubility curve for a pair of partiallymiscible liquids is shown in Fig. 34, in which the abscissaerepresent temperatures and the ordiuates percentages of dis-solved substances in 100 parts of the solution. The curve arepresents a solution of water and phenol; the curve b waterand aniline phenolate.

• Contributor: The Reading Room / Alamy Stock Photo
• Image ID: 2AJ413Y
• File size: 7.1 MB (109.9 KB Compressed download)
• Releases: Model - no | Property - no
• Dimensions: 1873 x 1334 px | 31.7 x 22.6 cm | 12.5 x 8.9 inches | 150dpi

More information

This image is a public domain image, which means either that copyright has expired in the image or the copyright holder has waived their copyright. Alamy charges you a fee for access to the high resolution copy of the image.

This image could have imperfections as it’s either historical or reportage.

A treatise on the theory of solution including the phenomena of electrolysis . itical points. Measurements of the mutual solubility of liquids have beenmade by AlexejefF^ who placed weighed quantities in a sealedtube and noted the temperature at which the mixture becamehomogeneous. The form of the solubility curve for a pair of partiallymiscible liquids is shown in Fig. 34, in which the abscissaerepresent temperatures and the ordiuates percentages of dis-solved substances in 100 parts of the solution. The curve arepresents a solution of water and phenol; the curve b waterand aniline phenolate. At low temperatures there are two ^ It is stated (Watts Diet. Art. Solutions i.) that diothylamine and water, though miscible in all proportions at low temperatures, cease to be so whenheated. - Wicd. Aiiv. xxviii. p. 305, 1886 ; C7/<.?h. Ccntralblatt, pp. 328, G77, 703, 1882. CH. IV] SOLUBILITY 89 definite states in which equilibrium is attained—the lowerbranch of the curve representing a solution of phenol in water, the upper branch a solution of water in phenol. oo%. Fig. 34. It is fairly easy to make an approximate determination ofSolubility of solids ^lie amouut of a solid required to saturate ain liquids. given quantity of a liquid, but when accurate results are needed, the problem becomes one of extreme difficulty.There are two methods of procedure. The first is to keep theliquid in contact with an excess of the solid for many hours atas constant a temperature as possible, by immersing the vesselcontaining the mixture in a water bath with an automaticthermal regulator, while the apparatus is either constantly orintermittently shaken. The second method consists in heatingthe liquid with excess of solid to a temperature above that atwhich the determination is to be made, and then allowing it toslowly cool in contact with the solid till the temperature inquestion is reached. Whichever process is adopted, a quantity of the solution isthen analysed either chemically or b