A preliminary introduction to the study of entomologyTogether with a chapter on remedies, or methods that can be used in fighting injurious insects; insect enemies of the apple tree and its fruit, and the insect enemies of small grains . ns-planting, and are to be dipped in the hot water, the temperature shouldnot exceed 150° Fahr.; under these circumstances, from 120° to 150°would Liffice for the purpose. A mulch placed around the trees forsome time previous to treatment has been found useful in bringing thelice to the surface, where they can be more readily reached by the hotwater. Drenching

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A preliminary introduction to the study of entomologyTogether with a chapter on remedies, or methods that can be used in fighting injurious insects; insect enemies of the apple tree and its fruit, and the insect enemies of small grains . ns-planting, and are to be dipped in the hot water, the temperature shouldnot exceed 150° Fahr.; under these circumstances, from 120° to 150°would Liffice for the purpose. A mulch placed around the trees forsome time previous to treatment has been found useful in bringing thelice to the surface, where they can be more readily reached by the hotwater. Drenching the roots with soap-suds has also been recom-mended, to be followed by a liberal dressing of ashes on the surface. THE APPLE-TREE APHIS. {Aphis mail Fabr.) Recently another plant louse has been doing considerable injury tothe apple trees in some portions of eastern and southeastern Nebraska.This latter insect is the one commonly known as the Apple-tree Aphis.It differs considerably from the root louse of the apple in severalpoints, as will be seen by reference to figures 9 and 10, the formerrepresenting a wingless and the latter a winged louse. As will beseen in the figures, this louse of both forms is provided with a pair of. Fig. 9—The Apple-tree Aphis (^pftjsmaH), winged Fig. 10.—The Apple-tree Aphis viviparous lemale. [Original, drawing by T. A. (Aphis mail), apterous vivipar- Williams.] ous female. [After Weed.] honey tubes, which issue from the upper surface of the abdomen nearits apex. It also has the body destitute of any covering like thatfound upon the root louse; and its antennae or feelers are as long asits body, while the legs are also long and slender. In color the Ap- APPLE TREE AND ITS FRUIT. 145 pie-tree Aphis is green or greenish yellow, the winged specimens, aswell as the apterous, being marked to some extent with black. The presence of this louse in an orchard can be readily detected bythe curled appearance of the leaves which it infests. When the in